Targeting key perceptions when planning and evaluating extension

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Llewellyn ◽  
D. J. Pannell ◽  
R. K. Lindner ◽  
S. B. Powles
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Farmer Perceptions ◽  
Systems Model

Early identification of farmer perceptions influencing particular farm management decisions provides the opportunity to more effectively focus investment in research and extension. A survey-based study examining the adoption of integrated weed management by Western Australian grain growers was used to demonstrate how identification of key farmer perceptions can help to guide research and extension priorities. It was found that the adoption of integrated weed management practices was influenced by grower perceptions of herbicide resistance-related factors and of the efficacy and economic value of integrated weed management practices in the farming system. However, there were generally no significant differences between the perceptions of practice efficacy held by users and non-users of the integrated weed management practices. As initial perceptions of efficacy were generally consistent with local field experience, it was expected that extension would not have a major influence on this variable. Consistent with this, participation by growers in a workshop based on the bio-economic farming systems model, resistance integrated management (RIM), did not result in changes in perceptions of practice efficacy. However, changes in the perceived short-term economic value of some weed management practices did occur where the broader value of practices to the farming system, not necessarily relating to weed control, could be demonstrated. This also led to more growers deciding to adopt those practices. For example, intended wheat seeding rates were shown to increase by 5 kg/ha as a result of participation in the extension activity. Determining the perceptions influencing adoption, and then identifying the major learning opportunities can be valuable in focusing research and extension. Measures of perceptions also allow learning to be evaluated. In the case study of adoption of the integrated weed management practices in WA, it seems that emphasis on developing and extending the farming-systems impacts beyond just weed and resistance management is likely to be more effective than focusing on the efficacy of the practices for controlling major weeds.

Grain grower perceptions and use of integrated weed management

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 993 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Llewellyn ◽  
R. K. Lindner ◽  
D. J. Pannell ◽  
S. B. Powles
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Management Decision Making

Greater adoption of integrated weed management, to reduce herbicide reliance, is an objective of many research and extension programmes. In Australian grain-growing regions, integrated weed management is particularly important for the management of herbicide resistance in weeds. In this study, survey data from personal interviews with 132 Western Australian grain growers are used to characterise the use and perceptions of integrated weed management practices. The main objective was to identify opportunities for improved weed management decision making, through targeted research and extension. The extent to which integrated weed management practices are used on individual farms was measured. Perceptions of the efficacy and reliability of various weed management practices were elicited for control of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.), along with perceptions of the economic value of integrated weed management practices relative to selective herbicides. All growers were shown to be using several integrated weed management practices, although the use of some practices was strongly associated with the presence of a herbicide-resistant weed population. In general, both users and non-users were found to have high levels of awareness of integrated weed management practices and their weed control efficacy. Herbicide-based practices were perceived to be the most cost-effective. Opportunities for greater adoption of integrated weed management practices, to conserve the existing herbicide resource, exist where practices can be shown to offer greater shorter-term economic value, not necessarily just in terms of weed control, but to the broader farming system.

A Reintroduction to Integrated Weed Management

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde L. Elmore
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Crop Management ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Management Hierarchy ◽  
Crop Management Systems

Integrated Weed Management (IWM), a long time practice by farmers has become more commonly discussed as a total weed management system. Whether an off shoot of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) or a further recognition of integrating weed control measures within the cropping and farming system, it has become more widespread. IWM is being practiced using many of the same components, from croplands to forests and rangeland. A weed management hierarchy has been developed by degree of diversity of management practices. IWM researchers and educators should invite other pest management specialists to join us in striving for Integrated Crop Management systems.

The economic value of pasture phases in the integrated management of annual ryegrass and wild radish in a Western Australian farming system

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Monjardino ◽  
D. J. Pannell ◽  
S. B. Powles
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Wild Radish ◽  
Raphanus Raphanistrum

Most cropping farms in Western Australia must deal with the management of herbicide-resistant populations of weeds such as annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum�L.). Farmers are approaching the problem of herbicide resistance by adopting integrated weed management systems, which allow weed control with a range of different techniques. One important question in the design of such systems is whether and when the benefits of including pasture in rotation with crops exceed the costs. In this paper, the multi-species resistance and integrated management model was used to investigate the value of including pasture phases in the crop rotation. The most promising of the systems examined appears to be so-called 'phase farming', involving occasional 3-year phases of pasture rather than shorter, more frequent and regular pasture phases. This approach was competitive with the best continuous cropping rotation in a number of scenarios, particularly where herbicide resistance was at high levels.

scholarly journals Integrated weed management practices and sustainable food production among farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Oyamedan Imoloame ◽  
Ibrahim Folorunsho Ayanda ◽  
Olayinka Jelili Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Abstract A survey was conducted in the Kwara State of Nigeria to study the integrated weed management (IWM) practices by farmers. This was in view of the poor weed management practices adopted by farmers, which is a major factor responsible for low yields of many arable crops in Kwara State. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 480 respondents, and a structured interview schedule was used to elicit information from them. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Factor analysis was also carried out to examine the perception of farmers’ benefits of IWM. Results showed that the majority of farmers (29.4%) were youths, married (89.1%), and involved in medium-scale farming (47.2%). Furthermore, 50.8% of the farmers had primary or secondary education. Although farmers use different weed control methods, more than half of them (54.7%) use herbicides. Most farmers (92.6%) are engaged in the use of IWM, However, 73.5% of them use a combination of herbicides and hoe weeding. Although not properly practiced, farmers perceived IWM as having socio-environmental (29.229%) and techno-efficacious (23.495%) benefits over either hoe weeding or herbicides used alone. The findings suggest a need to train farmers on all aspects of IWM to achieve self-sufficiency in food production in Kwara State.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice (Oryza sativa L.) to glyphosate and glufosinate

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1557-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Vestena Cassol ◽  
Luis Antonio de Avila ◽  
Carla Rejane Zemolin ◽  
Andrey Piveta ◽  
Dirceu Agostinetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides

<p>Dose-response experiments were carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice to nonselective herbicides currently used in rice-soybean rotation in Rio Grande do Sul. Two red rice biotypes previously identified as resistant and susceptible to the imidazolinone herbicides were treated with imazapic plus imazapic, glyphosate and glufosinate under nine herbicide rates. A non-linear log-logistic analysis was used to estimate the herbicide rate that provided 50% red rice control and dry weight reduction (GR<sub>50</sub>). Imidazolinone-resistant red rice exhibited greater GR<sub>50</sub> values than imidazolinone-susceptible biotype for imazapyr plus imazapic. In contrast, both imidazolinone-resistant and susceptible red rice showed similar GR<sub>50</sub>values for glyphosate and glufosinate. These results indicate that glyphosate and glufosinate effectively control imidazolinone-resistant red rice at similar herbicide rates used to control imidazolinone-susceptible; however, integrated weed management practices must be adopted in rice-soybean rotation to delay resistance evolution of red rice populations to glyphosate and glufosinate</p>

Evaluation of integrated weed management practices for chilies in Pakistan

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1135-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Mahmood Khokhar ◽  
Tariq Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Shakeel
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Integrated Weed Management

Herbicide Timing and Rate Effects on Weed Management in Three Herbicide-Resistant Canola Systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1006-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Neil Harker ◽  
George W. Clayton ◽  
John T. O'Donovan ◽  
Robert E. Blackshaw ◽  
F. Craig Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Rate Effects ◽  
Herbicide Timing ◽  
Weed Removal

Herbicide-resistant canola dominates the canola market in Canada. A multiyear field experiment was conducted at three locations to investigate the effect of time of weed removal (two-, four-, or six-leaf canola) and herbicide rate (50 or 100% recommended) in three herbicide-resistant canola systems. Weeds were controlled in glufosinate-resistant canola (GLU) with glufosinate, in glyphosate-resistant canola (GLY) with glyphosate, and in imidazolinone-resistant canola (IMI) with a 50:50 mixture of imazamox and imazethapyr. Canola yields were similar among the three canola cultivar–herbicide systems. Yields were not influenced by 50 vs. 100% herbicide rates. Timing of weed removal had the greatest effect on canola yield, with weed removal at the four-leaf stage giving the highest yields in most cases. Percent dockage was often greater for GLU and IMI than for GLY. In comparison with the other treatments, dockage levels doubled for GLU after application at 50% herbicide rates. The consistency of monocot weed control was usually greater for GLY than for GLU or IMI systems. However, weed biomass data revealed no differences in dicot weed control consistency between IMI and GLY systems. Greater dockage and weed biomass variability after weed removal at the six-leaf stage or after low herbicide rates suggests higher weed seed production, which could constrain the adoption of integrated weed management practices in subsequent years.

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