Effects of dietary fibre and feeding frequency on wool biting and aggressive behaviours in housed Merino sheep

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vasseur ◽  
D. R. Paull ◽  
S. J. Atkinson ◽  
I. G. Colditz ◽  
A. D. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Time Trend ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Aggressive Behaviours ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Frequency Basis

Wool biting is a behaviour that can develop in housed sheep, in which sheep start to bite and eat the wool of others. The aim of this study was to determine whether (i) supplementing the diet of housed sheep with fibre and (ii) increasing feeding frequency would help to reduce wool biting, aggressive behaviours and wool damage. In a 2 × 2 factorial experiment, 40 Merino wethers were either fed with lucerne-based pellets only, or with pellets supplemented with barley straw. They received their pellets either on a low feeding frequency basis (once a day Monday to Friday mornings, double ration on Friday afternoon, nothing Saturdays and Sundays), or on a high feeding frequency basis (twice a day, every day). The sheep were housed in 4 treatment pens, each with 10 animals. Wool biting and aggressive behaviours were recorded through direct observation and the sheep were scored for wool damage twice a week during the 15-week study. The provision of fibre had a significant effect on reducing wool biting (P<0.001) and wool damage score (P<0.001). There was no consistent effect of feeding frequency on wool biting or wool damage, and no fibre × feeding frequency interactions. Whereas wool biting in general increased with time during the study (P<0.001), levels of aggressive behaviour showed no consistent time trend, and there were no effects of fibre or feeding frequency treatments. It is concluded that wool biting is largely a redirected behaviour in concentrate-fed housed sheep deprived of adequate levels of activity or oral stimulus, and that the provision of roughage will reduce the development of wool biting and improve animal welfare in housed experimental sheep.

The effect of feeding frequency on the behaviour patterns of group-housed dry Sows using an electronic sow-activated feeder

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 79-79
Author(s):  
R.J. Lambert ◽  
M. Ellis ◽  
P. Rowlinson
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Behavioural Activity ◽  
Alternative System ◽  
Individual Use ◽  
Pig Husbandry ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Pig husbandry systems in current use do not equally meet the physiological and behavioural needs of the animals. The aim of the study is to further develop on alternative system of housing/ feeding dry sows, in keeping with the Animal Welfare Codes. The system adopted allows sows housed in groups,individual use of an automatic concentrate dispenser which can be programmed to each sow'individual requirements. Two different feeding frequencies were adopted for the same daily feed allowance: 1 feed/day and 4 feeds/day (ie.1 feed/6 hours). Four groups of six sows in mid-pregnancy were placed on each regime for three weeks. During each trial the animals’ behaviour was observed on seven days, between 0700-1100 GMT, this having been previously established to be a period of high behavioural activity for sows on a number of different systems. Behavioural activity was recorded continuously for each sow with 29 various activities being noted. The behavioural activity associated with the feeder was observed over 24 hours for two further groups of six sows, on the 10th day after establishing the groups.

scholarly journals The effect of feeding frequency and meal size on amounts of total and parotid saliva secreted by sheep

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Carter ◽  
O. Brian Allen ◽  
W. Larry Grovum
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Parotid Saliva ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Sham Feeding ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Production Response ◽  
Stem Leaf ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Saliva Production

Total and unilateral parotid saliva production during eating were measured in response to offering sheep a fixed amount of lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay as one, two, four or eight meals. Total saliva measurements were obtained using sham-fed oesophageal-fistulated sheep. Unilateral parotid saliva was collected from sheep fitted with reversible re-entrant cannulas. Dry matter intakes and eating times were measured for each meal but were not constrained to particular values. Total and unilateral parotid saliva production during eating increased linearly with the log of the number of meals (p = 0.0001). The amounts corresponding to one, two, four and eight meals of lucerne hay were 1553, 1737, 1851 and 2087 ml during total collections and 209, 248, 307 and 352 ml during unilateral parotid collections. The time-period spent eating and the amount of food consumed both increased as meal number increased. Total saliva collections when lucerne hay was sham-fed as one, two, four or eight meals were associated with eating times of 56.9, 57.4, 70.8 and 86.0 min and intakes of 562, 622, 629 and 638 g dry matter respectively. For unilateral parotid collections, eating times and dry matter intakes were 64.2, 71.3, 78.0, 82.1 min and 515, 579, 614 and 627 g for one, two, four and eight meals of lucerne hay respectively. The saliva production response appeared to be determined through the effects of the time-period spent eating and amounts consumed, but other undetermined effects of feeding frequency contributed to the response. The importance of meal duration on total saliva production was assessed by sham-feeding of 800 g lucerne as stem, leaf, hay, chopped hay or ground and pelleted hay. Increasing meal duration by feeding with stems resulted in the production of 1808 ml saliva, whereas the rapid consumption of pellets resulted in only 442 ml being produced.

scholarly journals Plant-based fructans for increased animal welfare: provision processes and remaining challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zimmermann ◽  
C. Visscher ◽  
M. Kaltschmitt
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Glycosidic Bonds ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Branched Structure ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractFructans are carbohydrates consisting of fructose monomers linked by β-2,1- and/or β-2,6-glycosidic bonds with linear or branched structure. These carbohydrates belong to the group of prebiotic dietary fibre with health-promoting potential for humans and mammals due to their indigestibility and selective stimulation of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract. This makes fructans interesting mainly for healthy food as well as animal feed applications. As a consequence of a growing public awareness for animal welfare, dietary fibre and thus fructans move into the focus as a fibre-rich feeding improving not only animals’ health but also their well-being. Against this background, this paper summarises the known effects of fructans focusing on pigs and highlights the state of the art in fructan production processes from plant material as well as selected current research lines. Additionally, an attempt is made to assess the potential of European fructan production for an application as animal feed. Based on this, challenges in the field of fructan production are addressed and alternative substrates for fructans are discussed and pointed out.

scholarly journals Identifying the prevalence of aggressive behaviour reported by Registered Intellectual Disability Nurses in residential intellectual disability services: an Irish perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Crotty ◽  
O. Doody ◽  
R. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Specific Behaviour ◽  
Programme Development ◽  
Aggressive Behaviours ◽  
The Republic

Purpose – Despite the high incidence of aggressive behaviours among some individuals with intellectual disability, Ireland has paid little attention to the prevalence of aggressive behaviours experienced by Registered Intellectual Disability Nurses (RNID). Within services the focus is mainly on intervention and management of such behaviours. Therefore a disparity occurs in that these interventions and management strategies have become the exclusive concern. Resulting in aggressive behaviour being seen as a sole entity, where similar interventions and management strategies are used for ambiguously contrasting aggressive behaviours. Consequently the ability to document and assess-specific behaviour typologies and their prevalence is fundamental not only to understand these behaviour types but also to orient and educate RNIDs in specific behaviour programme development. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This study reports on a survey of the prevalence of verbal aggression, aggression against property and aggression against others experienced by RNIDs’ within four residential settings across two health service executive regions in Ireland. A purposeful non-random convenience sampling method was employed. Totally, 119 RNIDs responded to the survey which was an adaptation of Crocker et al. (2006) survey instrument Modified Overt Aggression Scale. Findings – The findings of this study showed the experienced prevalence rate of verbal aggression, aggression against property and aggression against others were 64, 48.9 and 50.7 per cent, respectively. Cross-tabulation of specific correlates identifies those with a mild and intellectual disability as displaying a greater prevalence of verbal aggression and aggression against property. While those with a moderate intellectual disability displayed a higher prevalence of aggression against others. Males were reported as more aggressive across all three typologies studied and those aged between 20 and 39 recorded the highest prevalence of aggression across all three typologies. The practice classification areas of challenging behaviour and low support reported the highest prevalence of aggression within all typologies. Originality/value – The health care of the person with intellectual disability and aggressive behaviour presents an enormous challenge for services. In-order to improve considerably the quality of life for clients, services need to take a careful considered pragmatic view of the issues for the person with intellectual disability and aggressive behaviour and develop realistic, proactive and responsive strategies. To do this, precise knowledge of the prevalence of aggressive behaviours needs to be obtained. This study is the first of its kind in the Republic of Ireland.

Effect of Feeding Frequency on Growth and Survival Rate of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings Reared in Plastic Bowls

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.P. Asuwaju ◽  
V.O. Onyeche ◽  
K.E. Ogbuebunu ◽  
H.F. Moradun ◽  
E.A. Robert
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Effect of feeding frequency on growth and digestive enzyme activity in Litopenaeus vannamei during the grow‐out phase in biofloc system

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Cavalcanti Nery ◽  
Camila Barros Costa ◽  
Flávio Rodrigues ◽  
Roberta Soares ◽  
Ranilson de Souza Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activity ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Effect of feeding frequency on bacterial and fungal concentrations, pH, and other parameters in the rumen.

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 2908 ◽  
Author(s):  
B A Dehority ◽  
P A Tirabasso
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Effect Of Feeding
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