Removal of Iodinated X-Ray Contrast Media During Drinking Water Treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfram Seitz ◽  
Jia-Qian Jiang ◽  
Walter H. Weber ◽  
Barry J. Lloyd ◽  
Matthias Maier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
All Treatment ◽  
Granulated Activated Carbon

Environmental Context.In recent years, many micro-organic pollutants, e.g. pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP), have been observed to be persisting through wastewater treatment and occurring in the environment. Persistent micropollutants are of particular concern owing to the fact that some of them have been found in drinking water, and iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) are one group of such pollutants. Abstract.The present study investigates the removal of five iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) during drinking water production from surface water at a full-scale water works, which comprises coagulation/flocculation, intermediate ozonation, in-line filtration and adsorption with activated carbon. The elimination rates over all treatment units for the non-ionic ICM (iomeprol, iopromide, iohexol and iopamidol) were determined to be approximately 70%. In particular, intermediate ozonation can remove 30% on average of the non-ionic ICM, whereas it cannot remove the ionic diatrizoic acid, and the granulated activated carbon filters can achieve a further 50% removal of non-ionic ICM. However, over 100 ng L−1 of ionic diatrizoic acid and 40–100 ng L−1 of non-ionic ICM were found in the produced drinking water.

Ozone and UV – a tool for multi-barrier concepts in water treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ried ◽  
J. Mielcke
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Processes

The use of ozone and/or UV for water treatment processes is often a combination of an ozone and/or UV-step with additional treatment steps, e.g. biological treatment, flocculation, filtration and activated carbon. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an optimized combination of these different steps. This article will demonstrate the advantages presenting two examples for drinking water treatment and two examples for municipal wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Removal of oxidative stress and genotoxic activities during drinking water production by ozonation and granular activated carbon filtration

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Yu ◽  
Elin Lavonen ◽  
Agneta Oskarsson ◽  
Johan Lundqvist
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Abstract Background Bioanalytical tools have been shown to be useful in drinking water quality assessments. Here, we applied a panel of in vitro bioassays to assess the treatment efficiency of two pilot-scale treatments: ozonation and granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration at a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP). The pilot-scale systems were studied alongside a full-scale treatment process consisting of biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration, UV disinfection, and monochloramine dosing. Both systems were fed the same raw water treated with coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation and sand filtration. The endpoints studied were oxidative stress (Nrf2 activity), genotoxicity (micronuclei formations), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation, as well as estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) activity. Results Nrf2, AhR, and ER activities and genotoxic effects were detected in the incoming raw water and variability was observed between the sampling events. Compared to most of the samples taken from the full-scale treatment system, lower Nrf2, AhR, and ER bioactivities as well as genotoxicity were observed in all samples from the pilot-scale systems across all sampling events. The most pronounced treatment effect was a 12-fold reduction in Nrf2 activity and a sixfold decrease in micronuclei formations following ozonation alone. GAC filtration alone resulted in sevenfold and fivefold reductions in Nrf2 activity and genotoxicity, respectively, in the same sampling event. Higher bioactivities were detected in most samples from the full-scale system suggesting a lack of treatment effect. No androgenic nor anti-androgenic activities were observed in any sample across all sampling events. Conclusions Using effect-based methods, we have shown the presence of bioactive chemicals in the raw water used for drinking water production, including oxidative stress, AhR and ER activities as well as genotoxicity. The currently used treatment technologies were unable to fully remove the observed bioactivities. Ozonation and GAC filtration showed a high treatment efficiency and were able to consistently remove the bioactivities observed in the incoming water. This is important knowledge for the optimization of existing drinking water treatment designs and the utilization of alternative treatment technologies.

scholarly journals Origin, Fate and Control of Pharmaceuticals in the Urban Water Cycle: A Case Study

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Hofman-Caris ◽  
Thomas ter Laak ◽  
Hans Huiting ◽  
Harry Tolkamp ◽  
Ad de Man ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Water Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Drinking Water Production

The aquatic environment and drinking water production are under increasing pressure from the presence of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products in surface waters. Demographic developments and climate change result in increasing environmental concentrations, deeming abatement measures necessary. Here, we report on an extensive case study around the river Meuse and its tributaries in the south of The Netherlands. For the first time, concentrations in the tributaries were measured and their apportionment to a drinking water intake downstream were calculated and measured. Large variations, depending on the river discharge were observed. At low discharge, total concentrations up to 40 μg/L were detected, with individual pharmaceuticals exceeding thresholds of toxicological concern and ecological water-quality standards. Several abatement options, like reorganization of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and additional treatment of wastewater or drinking water were evaluated. Abatement at all WWTPs would result in a good chemical and ecological status in the rivers as required by the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive. Considering long implementation periods and high investment costs, we recommend prioritizing additional treatment at the WWTPs with a high contribution to the environment. If drinking water quality is at risk, temporary treatment solutions in drinking water production can be considered. Pilot plant research proved that ultraviolet (UV) oxidation is a suitable solution for drinking water and wastewater treatment, the latter preferably in combination with effluent organic matter removal. In this way >95% of removal of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products can be achieved, both in drinking water and in wastewater. Application of UV/H2O2, preceded by humic acid removal by ion exchange, will cost about €0.23/m3 treated water.

scholarly journals Water footprint analysis as an indicator of sustainability in nonconventional drinking water treatment systems

DYNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (213) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Víctor Alfonso Cerón Hernández ◽  
Isabel Cristina Hurtado ◽  
Isabel Cristina Bolaños ◽  
Apolinar Figueroa Casas ◽  
Inés Restrepo Tarquino
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Footprint Analysis ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
The Impact

The impact of multiple-stage filtration (MSF) was determined in two study systems. Water footprint (WF) was estimated with all its components and their results allowed the identification of those responsible for the environmental impact associated with drinking water production. Climatic conditions of high and low precipitation and socio-cultural context were considered. Results showed technicalshortcomings, such as the presence of fissures that generate losses and the contribution of polluting substances in the effluent from filter washing. Socio-economic limitations increase the WF. Water management can be improved by studying the WF components and their relationships with the socio-cultural component.

Enhanced particle removal in drinking water treatment plants – case studies

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
P. Lipp ◽  
G. Baldauf
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Measurements of parasites in surface waters in Germany showed that their presence is widely spread. Concentrations may reach values up to a maximum of 50 cysts per 100 l. Normally raw waters used for drinking water production show much lower values. In order to ensure sufficient parasite removal in drinking water treatment plants an enhancement of particle removal is required. For filtration processes parameters influencing particle removal are filter media, filtration velocity, flocculant dosage, preozonationand filter back wash. Moderate filtration conditions show best results. Three case studies show that preozonation, optimized energy input and use of flocculants improve particle removal. One case study shows results of the first ultrafiltration plant in Germany treating reservoir and spring water for drinking water production.

scholarly journals An innovative treatment concept for future drinking water production: fluidized ion exchange – ultrafiltration – nanofiltration – granular activated carbon filtration

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
S. G. J. Heijman ◽  
J. Q. J. C. Verberk ◽  
J. C. van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Treatment Concept ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Carbon Filtration ◽  
Micro Pollutants

Abstract. A new treatment concept for drinking water production from surface water has been investigated on a pilot scale. The treatment concept consists of fluidized ion exchange (FIEX), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and granular activated carbon filtration (GAC). The FIEX process removed calcium and other divalent cations; the UF membrane removed particles and micro-organisms; and the NF membrane and GAC removed natural organic matter (NOM) and micro-pollutants. This study focused on the prevention of fouling of the UF and scaling of the NF and investigated the overall removal of micro-pollutants by the treatment concept. The results of the experiments showed that in 14 days of continuous operation at a flux of 65 l/h m2 the UF performance was stable with the FIEX pre-treated feed water without the aid of a coagulant. The scaling of the NF was also not observed even at 97% recovery. Different micro-pollutants were spiked in the NF feed water and their concentrations in the effluent of NF and GAC were measured. The combination of NF and GAC removed most of the micro-pollutants successfully, except for the very polar substances with a molecular weight lower than 100 Daltons.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document