The relationship between patient characteristics and the development of a multi-resistant healthcare-associated infection in a private South Australian hospital

Healthcare associated infection is one of the common infection that happens in Indonesia. One form control to prevent healthcare associated infection is the sterilization process of the materials and medical instruments that used for taking care of patients. At the private hospital whereas a place of research, there’s never been done the study of sterility test for reusable instrument with pouches, based on previous studies showed that 8 sets from 40 sets of reusable instrument with linen were not sterile moreover there were positively influence from the amount of time to the sterility of reusable instrument. The purpose of these studies was to determining the relationship between a long storage time and the sterility of reusable instruments with pouches. The method that used in this study was the sterility testing of reusable instrument with pouches which were stored in a central operations room storage with a long storage time of 1 and 2 months. From 30 reusable instruments with pouches which were stored for nine months there were 5 instruments were not sterile. The results of statistic analysis showed that the amount of storage time not significantly associated to the sterility of reusable instrument with pouches in the operating room central storage space.

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Classification of Healthcare-Associated Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Influence of Different Definitions on Prevalence, Patient Characteristics, and Outcome

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2015.259 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 208-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jesper Smit ◽

Mette Søgaard ◽

Henrik Carl Schønheyder ◽

Henrik Nielsen ◽

Reimar Wernich Thomsen

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Infect Control Hosp ◽

Healthcare Associated Infection ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia ◽

Healthcare Associated

We investigated whether different definitions of healthcare-associated infection influenced the prevalence, characteristics, and mortality of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. With different definitions, the proportion of patients classified as having healthcare-associated S. aureus bacteremia varied substantially and the distribution of patient characteristics was influenced, whereas 30-day mortality remained robust.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2016;37(2):208–211

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Association Between Healthcare-Associated Infection and Exposure to Hospital Roommates and Previous Bed Occupants with the Same Organism

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2018.22 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 541-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Bevin Cohen ◽

Jianfang Liu ◽

Adam Ross Cohen ◽

Elaine Larson

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Acute Care Hospital ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Healthcare Associated Infection ◽

Wound Culture ◽

Matched Case ◽

Healthcare Associated ◽

Control Study

OBJECTIVETo quantify the association between having a prior bed occupant or roommate with a positive blood, respiratory, urine, or wound culture and subsequent infection with the same organism.DESIGNCase-control study.SETTINGThe study included 4 hospitals within an academically affiliated network in New York City, including a community hospital (221 beds), a pediatric acute-care hospital (283 beds), an adult tertiary-/quaternary-care hospital (647 beds), and a pediatric and adult tertiary-/quaternary-care hospital (914 beds).PATIENTSAll 761,426 inpatients discharged from 2006 to 2012 were eligible. Cases included all patients who developed a healthcare-associated infection (HAI) with Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, or Enterococcus faecium. Controls were uninfected patients matched by fiscal quarter, hospital, and length of stay. For each bed occupied during the 3–5-day period prior to infection, microbiology results for assigned roommates and the patient who occupied the bed immediately prior to the case were collected. For controls, the day of infection of the matched case served as the reference point.RESULTSIn total, 10,289 HAIs were identified. In a multivariable analysis controlling for both exposures and patient characteristics, the odds of cases having been exposed to a prior bed occupant with the same organism were 5.83 times that of controls (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.62–9.39), and the odds of cases having been exposed to a roommate with the same organism were 4.82 times that of controls (95% CI, 3.67–6.34).CONCLUSIONInfected or colonized roommates and prior occupants do pose a risk, which may warrant enhanced terminal and intermittent cleaning measures.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:541–546

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Healthcare-associated infection control and biosecurity measures for nurses in the emergency department of a National Essalud Hospital [Healthcare-associated infection control and biosecurity measures for nurses in the emergency department of a National Essalud Hospital]

Journal of Global Health and Medicine ◽

10.32829/ghmj.v4i1.185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Diana Leonor Uceda Ochoa ◽

Monica Elisa Meneses La Riva

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Infection Control ◽

Nursing Care ◽

Emergency Services ◽

Healthcare Associated Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthcare Associated ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship

Biosecurity measures are indispensable in the work of nursing care to ensure the quality and impact of nursing care interventions in the areas of care. Objective: To determine the relationship between biosecurity measures and healthcare-associated infection control in the work of nurses in the emergency department of a National Hospital, Essalud, 2019. The methodology was a quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional, non-experimental design, whose population consisted of 152 nurses working in the emergency area, for which 3 instruments were applied: Scale of knowledge of biosecurity measures with 14 items with multiple answers, Checklist of biosecurity measures with 17 items, and Handwashing checklist with 11 items, both instruments with a dichotomous scale. Both instruments were evaluated by experts and their reliability was 0.8. The results obtained show that there is a significant positive average correlation between the variables measured of biosecurity and the control of infections associated to health care. It is concluded that nurses' knowledge of biosecurity measures and HAIs pose a high risk to health personnel and patients. Therefore, it is essential to continue training, monitoring, follow-up and control to ensure the quality and impact of nursing care in emergency services.

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Reduction in the Prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections in U.S. Acute Care Hospitals, 2015 vs 2011

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofx162.116 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S49-S49 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shelley S Magill ◽

Lucy E Wilson ◽

Deborah L Thompson ◽

Susan M Ray ◽

Joelle Nadle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Central Line ◽

Emerging Infections ◽

Healthcare Associated Infection ◽

Chi Square ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Hospital Patients ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Healthcare Associated

Abstract Background A 2011 prevalence survey conducted by CDC and the Emerging Infections Program (EIP) showed that 1 in 25 hospital patients had ≥1 healthcare-associated infection (HAI). We repeated the survey in 2015 to assess changes in HAI prevalence. Methods In EIP sites (CA, CO, CT, GA, MD, MN, NM, NY, OR, TN) hospitals that participated in the 2011 survey were recruited for the 2015 survey. Hospitals selected 1 day from May–September 2015 on which a random patient sample was identified from the morning census. Trained EIP staff reviewed patient medical records using comparable methods and the same National Healthcare Safety Network HAI definitions used in 2011. Proportions of patients with HAIs were compared using chi-square tests; patient characteristics were compared using chi-square or median tests (OpenEpi 3.01, SAS 9.3). Results Data were available from 143 hospitals that participated in both surveys; data from 8954 patients in the 2011 survey were compared with preliminary data from 8833 patients in the 2015 survey. Patient characteristics such as median age, days from admission to survey, and critical care location were similar. Urinary catheter prevalence was lower in 2015 (1,589/8,833, 18.0%) compared with 2011 (2,052/8,954, 22.9%, P < 0.0001), as was central line prevalence (2015: 1,539/8,833, 17.4%, vs. 2011: 1,687/8,954, 18.8%, P = 0.02). The proportion of patients with HAIs was lower in 2015 (284/8,833, 3.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.9–3.6%) than in 2011 (362/8,954, 4.0%, 95% CI 3.7–4.5%, P = 0.003). Of 309 HAIs in 2015, pneumonia (PNEU) and Clostridium difficileinfections (CDI) were most common (Figure); proportions of patients with PNEU and/or CDI were similar in 2015 (130/8833, 1.5%) and 2011 (133/8954, 1.5%, P = 0.94). A lower proportion of patients had surgical site (SSI) and/or urinary tract infections (UTI) in 2015 (77/8833, 0.9%) vs. 2011 (136/8954, 1.5%, P < 0.001). Conclusion HAI prevalence was significantly lower in 2015 compared with 2011. This is partially explained by fewer SSI and UTI, suggesting national efforts to prevent SSI, reduce catheter use and improve UTI diagnosis are succeeding. By contrast, there was no change in the prevalence of the most common HAIs in 2015, PNEU and CDI, indicating a need for increased prevention efforts in hospitals. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Association between mortality and highly antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95852-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ines Lakbar ◽

Sophie Medam ◽

Romain Ronflé ◽

Nadim Cassir ◽

Louis Delamarre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Matched Sample ◽

Healthcare Associated Infection ◽

Icu Mortality ◽

Surveillance Network ◽

Icu Length Of Stay ◽

Mechanical Ventilation Duration ◽

Healthcare Associated ◽

The Relationship

AbstractData on the relationship between antimicrobial resistance and mortality remain scarce, and this relationship needs to be investigated in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to compare the ICU mortality rates between patients with ICU-acquired pneumonia due to highly antimicrobial-resistant (HAMR) bacteria and those with ICU-acquired pneumonia due to non-HAMR bacteria. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study using the French National Surveillance Network for Healthcare Associated Infection in ICUs (“REA-Raisin”) database, gathering data from 200 ICUs from January 2007 to December 2016. We assessed all adult patients who were hospitalized for at least 48 h and presented with ICU-acquired pneumonia caused by S. aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa, or A. baumannii. The association between pneumonia caused by HAMR bacteria and ICU mortality was analyzed using the whole sample and using a 1:2 matched sample. Among the 18,497 patients with at least one documented case of ICU-acquired pneumonia caused by S. aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa, or A. baumannii, 3081 (16.4%) had HAMR bacteria. The HAMR group was associated with increased ICU mortality (40.3% vs. 30%, odds ratio (OR) 95%, CI 1.57 [1.45–1.70], P < 0.001). This association was confirmed in the matched sample (3006 HAMR and 5640 non-HAMR, OR 95%, CI 1.39 [1.27–1.52], P < 0.001) and after adjusting for confounding factors (OR ranged from 1.34 to 1.39, all P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that ICU-acquired pneumonia due to HAMR bacteria is associated with an increased ICU mortality rate, ICU length of stay, and mechanical ventilation duration.

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