Rising CO2 and pollen production of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), a known allergy-inducing species: implications for public health.

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis H. Ziska ◽  
Frances A. Caulfield
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
The Impact

Although environmental factors such as precipitation and temperature are recognized as influencing pollen production, the impact of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) on the potential growth and pollen production of hay-fever-inducing plants is unknown. Here we present measurements of growth and pollen production of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) from pre-industrial [CO2] (280 mol mol–1) to current concentrations (370 mol mol–1) to a projected 21st century concentration (600 mol mol–1). We found that exposure to current and elevated [CO2] increased ragweed pollen production by 131 and 320%, respectively, compared to plants grown at pre-industrial [CO2]. The observed stimulations of pollen production from the pre-industrial [CO2] were due to an increase in the number (at 370 mol mol–1) and number and size (at 600 mol mol–1) of floral spikes. Overall, floral weight as a percentage of total plant weight decreased (from 21% to 13%), while investment in pollen increased (from 3.6 to 6%) between 280 and 600 mol mol–1 CO2. Our results suggest that the continuing increase in atmospheric [CO2] could directly influence public health by stimulating the growth and pollen production of allergy-inducing species such as ragweed.

Research note: Increasing Amb a 1 content in common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) pollen as a function of rising atmospheric CO2 concentration

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben D. Singer ◽  
Lewis H. Ziska ◽  
David A. Frenz ◽  
Dennis E. Gebhard ◽  
James G. Straka
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Major Allergen ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Amb A 1 ◽  
The Impact

Although the impact of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) on production of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) pollen has been examined in both indoor and outdoor experiments, the relationship between allergen expression and [CO2] is not known. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify Amb a 1, ragweed’s major allergen, in protein extracted from pollen of A. artemisiifolia grown at different [CO2] values in a previous experiment. The concentrations used approximated atmospheric pre-industrial conditions (i.e. at the end of the 19th century), current conditions, and the CO2 concentration projected for the middle of the 21st century (280, 370 and 600 μmol mol–1 CO2, respectively). Although total pollen protein remained unchanged, significant increases in Amb a 1 allergen were observed between pre-industrial and projected future [CO2] and between current and projected future [CO2] (1.8 and 1.6 times, respectively). These data suggest that recent and projected increases in [CO2] could directly increase the allergenicity of ragweed pollen and consequently the prevalence and / or severity of seasonal allergic disease. However, genetic and abiotic factors governing allergen expression will need to be better established to fully understand these data and their implications for public health.

scholarly journals Climat change and its impact on the expansion of the area Ambrosia artemisiifolia in Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
I. Storchous
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Global Nature ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact

Goal. Analysis and generalization of the results of research on the problem of a global nature regarding the expansion of the range of the species Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. as a result of the impact of climate change. Methods. System-analytical, abstract-logical, empirical. Research results. According to research, scientists have predicted that A. artemisiifolia will shift to the northeast and expand its potential range in Europe due to climate change. It has been established that the spread of A. artemisiifolia is facilitated by global warming in Europe, which leads to the manifestation of high invasive potential of the species in wide ranges within Europe. Using ENM, scientists have clearly identified areas that are at risk of spreading and undergoing negative changes. Conclusions. Global warming, which has already taken place, continues to contribute to the further spread and manifestation of the invasive potential of A. artemisiifolia in Europe, according to the simulation results. Multilateral studies by foreign scientists on the impact of climate change on the spread of ragweed have shown that Ukraine is one of the countries in which this vicious species of weed will spread. Such research contributes to the effectiveness of decisions that depend on the protection and preservation of crops, the preservation of the country’s biodiversity, as well as the ability to take into account its impact on public health. Under such conditions, measures for monitoring and management of the species are extremely relevant.

scholarly journals Ragweed pollen production and dispersion modelling within a regional climate system, calibration and application over Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2769-2786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Fabien Solmon ◽  
Robert Vautard ◽  
Lynda Hamaoui-Laguel ◽  
Csaba Zsolt Torma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Ragweed Pollen ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Community Land Model ◽  
Pollen Concentrations

Abstract. Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is a highly allergenic and invasive plant in Europe. Its pollen can be transported over large distances and has been recognized as a significant cause of hay fever and asthma (D'Amato et al., 2007; Burbach et al., 2009). To simulate production and dispersion of common ragweed pollen, we implement a pollen emission and transport module in the Regional Climate Model (RegCM) version 4 using the framework of the Community Land Model (CLM) version 4.5. In this online approach pollen emissions are calculated based on the modelling of plant distribution, pollen production, species-specific phenology, flowering probability, and flux response to meteorological conditions. A pollen tracer model is used to describe pollen advective transport, turbulent mixing, dry and wet deposition. The model is then applied and evaluated on a European domain for the period 2000–2010. To reduce the large uncertainties notably due to the lack of information on ragweed density distribution, a calibration based on airborne pollen observations is used. Accordingly a cross validation is conducted and shows reasonable error and sensitivity of the calibration. Resulting simulations show that the model captures the gross features of the pollen concentrations found in Europe, and reproduce reasonably both the spatial and temporal patterns of flowering season and associated pollen concentrations measured over Europe. The model can explain 68.6, 39.2, and 34.3 % of the observed variance in starting, central, and ending dates of the pollen season with associated root mean square error (RMSE) equal to 4.7, 3.9, and 7.0 days, respectively. The correlation between simulated and observed daily concentrations time series reaches 0.69. Statistical scores show that the model performs better over the central Europe source region where pollen loads are larger and the model is better constrained. From these simulations health risks associated to common ragweed pollen spread are evaluated through calculation of exposure time above health-relevant threshold levels. The total risk area with concentration above 5 grains m−3 takes up 29.5 % of domain. The longest exposure time occurs on Pannonian Plain, where the number of days per year with the daily concentration above 20 grains m−3 exceeds 30.

scholarly journals The initiation of modern soft and hard Snowball Earth climates in CCSM4

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Yang ◽  
W. R. Peltier ◽  
Y. Hu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Snowball Earth ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Geological Evidence ◽  
Radiative Forcings ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Geochemical and geological evidence has suggested that several global-scale glaciation events occurred during the Neoproterozoic Era in the interval from 750–580 million years ago. The initiation of these glaciations is thought to have been a consequence of the combined influence of a low level of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and an approximately 6% weakening of solar luminosity. The latest version of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4) is employed herein to explore the detailed combination of forcings required to trigger such extreme glaciation conditions under present-day circumstances of geography and topography. It is found that runaway glaciation occurs in the model under the following conditions: (1) an 8–9% reduction in solar radiation with 286 ppmv CO2 or (2) a 6% reduction in solar radiation with 70–100 ppmv CO2. These thresholds are moderately different from those found to be characteristic of the previously employd CCSM3 model reported recently in Yang et al. (2012a,b), for which the respective critical points corresponded to a 10–10.5% reduction in solar radiation with 286 ppmv CO2 or a 6% reduction in solar radiation with 17.5–20 ppmv CO2. The most important reason for these differences is that the sea ice/snow albedo parameterization employed in CCSM4 is believed to be more realistic than that in CCSM3. Differences in cloud radiative forcings and ocean and atmosphere heat transports also influence the bifurcation points. These results are potentially very important, as they are to serve as control on further calculations which will be devoted to an investigation of the impact of continental configuration. We demonstrate that there exist ''soft Snowball'' Earth states, in which the fractional sea ice coverage reaches approximately 60–65%, land masses in low latitudes are covered by perennial snow, and runaway glaciation does not develop. This is consistent with our previous results based upon CCSM3. Although our results cannot exclude the possibility of a ''hard Snowball'' solution, it is suggested that a ''soft Snowball'' solution for the Neoproterozoic remains entirely plausible.

scholarly journals Harvest weed seed control of Italian ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot], common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson)

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (04) ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn C. Beam ◽  
Steven Mirsky ◽  
Charlie Cahoon ◽  
David Haak ◽  
Michael Flessner
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Global Agriculture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Viable Method

AbstractHerbicide resistance is a major problem in United States and global agriculture, driving farmers to consider other methods of weed control. One of these methods is harvest weed seed control (HWSC), which has been demonstrated to be effective in Australia. HWSC studies were conducted across Virginia in 2017 and 2018, targeting Italian ryegrass in continuous winter wheat as well as common ragweed and Palmer amaranth in continuous soybean. These studies assessed the impact of HWSC (via weed seed removal) on weed populations in the next year’s crop compared with conventional harvest (weed seeds returned). HWSC reduced Italian ryegrass tillers compared with the conventional harvest at two locations in April (29% and 69%), but no difference was observed at a third location. At wheat harvest, HWSC at one location reduced Italian ryegrass seed heads (41 seed heads m−2) compared with conventional harvest (125 seed heads m−2). In soybean, before preplant herbicide applications and POST herbicide applications, HWSC reduced common ragweed densities by 22% and 26%, respectively, compared with the conventional harvest plots. By soybean harvest, no differences in common ragweed density, seed retention, or crop yield were observed, because of effectiveness of POST herbicides. No treatment differences were observed at any evaluation timing for Palmer amaranth, which is attributed to farmer weed management (i.e., effective herbicides) and low weed densities making any potential treatment differences difficult to detect. Across wheat and soybean, there were no differences observed in crop yield between treatments. Overall, HWSC was demonstrated to be a viable method to reduce Italian ryegrass and common ragweed populations.

scholarly journals 2350 Creating a comprehensive municipal inventory of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) to predict allergenic pollen exposures

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Daniel S. W. Katz ◽  
Stuart Batterman
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Allergenic Pollen ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
The City

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: One of the key difficulties in predicting allergenic pollen exposures has been a lack of information on source plant location and abundance. However, the increasing availability of spatially explicit data from remote sensing offers new opportunities to create comprehensive inventories of allergenic pollen producing plants. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In this study, we use a spatially oriented field survey to map common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Detroit, MI, USA. We then combine this with remote sensing imagery and LiDAR to predict ragweed presence and potential pollen production across 344 km2 of Detroit. Finally, we compare this with measurements of airborne pollen concentrations collected throughout the city. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Our initial results show that ragweed is present in ~2% of the city, and its presence and abundance are strongly associated with demolished building (p<0.001). The uneven distribution of ragweed plants across the city leads to substantially higher pollen concentrations in neighborhoods where more buildings have been recently demolished. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Our approach offers an effective way to quantify allergenic pollen production, airborne concentrations, and exposures across a large metropolitan area. This in turn provides insight on how to best reduce airborne pollen concentrations: in this case, by changing post-demolition land management practices.

scholarly journals The Impact of Increasing Stratospheric Radiative Damping on the QBO Period

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiehan Zhou ◽  
Kevin DallaSanta ◽  
Larissa Nazarenko ◽  
Gavin A. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Radiative Damping

Abstract. Stratospheric radiative damping increases as atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration rises. We use the one-dimensional mechanistic models of the QBO to conduct sensitivity experiments and find that when atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration increases, the simulated QBO period shortens due to the enhancing of radiative damping in the stratosphere. This result suggests that increasing stratospheric radiative damping due to rising CO2 may play a role in determining the QBO period in a warming climate along with wave momentum flux entering the stratosphere and tropical vertical residual velocity, both of which also respond to increasing CO2.

scholarly journals The impact of increasing stratospheric radiative damping on the quasi-biennial oscillation period

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 7395-7407
Author(s):  
Tiehan Zhou ◽  
Kevin DallaSanta ◽  
Larissa Nazarenko ◽  
Gavin A. Schmidt ◽  
Zhonghai Jin
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Oscillation Period ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Radiative Damping

Abstract. Stratospheric radiative damping increases as atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration rises. We use the one-dimensional mechanistic models of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) to conduct sensitivity experiments and find that the simulated QBO period shortens due to the enhancing of radiative damping in the stratosphere. This result suggests that increasing stratospheric radiative damping due to rising CO2 may play a role in determining the QBO period in a warming climate along with wave momentum flux entering the stratosphere and tropical vertical residual velocity, both of which also respond to increasing CO2.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document