Effects of systemic administration or intrabursal injection of serotonin on puberty, first ovulation and follicular development in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Moran ◽  
M. E. Ayala ◽  
E. Gallegos ◽  
J. Romero ◽  
R. Chavira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Systemic Administration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Subcutaneous Route ◽  
Vaginal Opening ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Neuroendocrine Mechanism

To elucidate the role of serotonin in the onset of puberty, the effects of both systemic and in-ovarian bursa administration of serotonin on the neuroendocrine mechanism that modulates the onset of puberty, follicular development and first ovulation were evaluated. Two experiments were carried out. For the first, 25 or 37.5 mg kg–1 of bodyweight of serotonin creatinine sulfate was administered by a subcutaneous route to 30-day-old female rats. In the second experiment, serotonin creatinine sulfate was administered directly into the ovarian bursa of 34-day-old female rats. Systemic administration of 25 or 37.5 mg kg–1 of serotonin creatinine sulfate induced a delay in the ages of vaginal opening and first vaginal oestrus, a decrease in the number of ovulating animals, and serum concentrations of FSH, LH, oestradiol and progesterone. An increase in the number of Class 3 (>500 μm) and atretic follicles was observed in the ovaries of these animals. The administration of serotonin creatinine sulfate in the ovarian bursa did not modify the onset of puberty and ovulation, but a reduced serum concentration of oestradiol was observed. Our results suggest that serotonin acts on the components of the hypothalamus–hypophysis–ovary axis by modulating follicular development, ovarian functions and the onset of puberty.

Serum Concentration and Skin Expression of S100A7 (Psoriasin) in Patients Suffering from Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Dermatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Batycka-Baran ◽  
Wojciech Baran ◽  
Danuta Nowicka-Suszko ◽  
Maria Koziol-Gałczyńska ◽  
Andrzej Bieniek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Antimicrobial Protein ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Reactive Protein

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. An important role of innate immune dysregulation in the pathogenesis of HS has been highlighted. S100A7 (psoriasin) is an innate, antimicrobial protein that exerts proinflammatory and chemotactic action. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objective of the study was to investigate serum concentrations of S100A7 in individuals with HS as compared to healthy controls. Further, we evaluated the expression of S100A7 in lesional HS skin as compared to perilesional (clinically uninvolved) HS skin and normal skin. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Serum concentrations of S100A7 were evaluated with a commercially available ELISA kit. The expression of S100A7 in the skin was assessed using qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found increased expression of S100A7 in lesional HS skin as compared to perilesional HS skin (<i>p</i> = 0.0017). The expression of S100A7 in lesional HS skin was positively associated with serum C-reactive protein concentration and the severity of disease according to Hurley staging. The serum concentration of S100A7 in individuals with HS was decreased as compared to healthy controls and patients with psoriasis. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Upregulated in lesional HS skin, S100A7 may enhance the inflammatory process and contribute to the HS pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Role of acute phase proteins in diagnosis of uremic pancreatitis and destructive pancreatitis in patients receiving renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Kazim G. Gasanov ◽  
Viktor A. Zurnadzhyants ◽  
Eldar A. Kchibekov ◽  
M. I. Shikhragimov
Keyword(s):  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Surgical Unit

Objective. To determine the blood serum 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin concentration in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) for the diagnosis of uremic pancreatitis and / or destructive pancreatitis. Materials and methods. The study involved 52 patients admitted to the Surgical Unit of Astrakhan "RZhD-Medicine" Hospital and City Clinical Hospital № 3. The blood serum 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin concentration was analyzed in patients admitted on an emergency basis with suspicion of uremic pancreatitis and destructive pancreatitis, who receive renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). The control group included 50 outpatients undergoing renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). The study did not include patients with suspected pancreatitis who were not receiving renal replacement therapy. The period of the study is 20192021. Results. The concentration of blood serum 2-microglobulin is statistically higher than normal in all patients, who had received renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) in anamnesis. The most statistically high concentration of 2-microglobulin was revealed while studying patients with uremic pancreatitis (n = 34), and was (30.0 2.75 mg/l) compared with the blood serum concentration in patients with destructive pancreatitis (8 0.51 mg / l). The concentration of 2-macroglobulin was statistically lower in destructive pancreatitis (n = 18) and was 615 161 mg/l compared with uremic pancreatitis (980 216 mg/l). In the control group of outpatients (n = 50) receiving renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis), no statistically significant blood serum concentrations of 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin were found. Conclusions. A clear dependence of the concentration of 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin on the severity of uremic pancreatitis and destructive pancreatitis was established. Statistically high values of 2-microglobulin concentrations were obtained in patients with uremic pancreatitis, and the 2-macroglobulin level was statistically low in destructive pancreatitis.

SERUM GONADOTROPHINS AND FOLLICULAR DEVELOPMENT IN IMMATURE RATS AFTER EARLY ANDROGEN ADMINISTRATION

1976 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. TH. J. UILENBROEK ◽  
E. ARENDSEN DE WOLFF-EXALTO ◽  
M. A. BLANKENSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Vaginal Opening ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Follicular Maturation ◽  
Immature Rats ◽  
Plasma Oestradiol

SUMMARY Follicular development and serum gonadotrophin levels were studied in female rats after neonatal androgen administration. After injection of 1250 μg testosterone propionate (TP) on day 5 after birth the composition of the follicular population was altered: at nearly all ages the number of pre-antral follicles (follicular volume 2–20 × 105 μm3) was lower than in oil-treated rats, in some cases the number of small antral follicles (21–249 × 105 μm3) was also lower. Furthermore levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were decreased from day 7 to day 20 suggesting that the high gonadotrophin levels before day 20 are of importance for normal follicular development. In contrast, final follicular maturation in TP-treated rats was enhanced; at day 35 more large antral follicles (follicular volume ≥ 500 × 105μm3) were present in TP-treated rats than in oil-treated rats. The presence of more large antral follicles was accompanied by higher plasma oestradiol concentrations, higher uterine weights and advanced vaginal opening. These results demonstrate an inhibition of normal follicular growth and an acceleration of ovarian maturation after neonatal androgen administration.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin governs alcohol-related liver disease in mice and humans

Gut ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-321375
Author(s):  
Christoph Grander ◽  
Benedikt Schaefer ◽  
Julian Schwärzler ◽  
Felix Grabherr ◽  
Dennis M de Graaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
Related Liver Disease

ObjectiveAlcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a global healthcare problem with limited treatment options. Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT, encoded by SERPINA1) shows potent anti-inflammatory activities in many preclinical and clinical trials. In our study, we aimed to explore the role of AAT in ALD.DesignAn unselected cohort of 512 patients with cirrhosis was clinically characterised. Survival, clinical and biochemical parameters including AAT serum concentration were compared between patients with ALD and other aetiologies of liver disease. The role of AAT was evaluated in experimental ALD models.ResultsCirrhotic ALD patients with AAT serum concentrations less than 120 mg/dL had a significantly higher risk for death/liver transplantation as compared with patients with AAT serum concentrations higher than 120 mg/dL. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that low AAT serum concentration was a NaMELD-independent predictor of survival/transplantation. Ethanol-fed wild-type (wt) mice displayed a significant decline in hepatic AAT compared with pair-fed mice. Therefore, hAAT-Tg mice were ethanol-fed, and these mice displayed protection from liver injury associated with decreased steatosis, hepatic neutrophil infiltration and abated expression of proinflammatory cytokines. To test the therapeutic capability of AAT, ethanol-fed wt mice were treated with human AAT. Administration of AAT ameliorated hepatic injury, neutrophil infiltration and steatosis.ConclusionCirrhotic ALD patients with AAT concentrations less than 120 mg/dL displayed an increased risk for death/liver transplantation. Both hAAT-Tg mice and AAT-treated wt animals showed protection from ethanol-induced liver injury. AAT could reflect a treatment option for human ALD, especially for alcoholic hepatitis.

Plasma growth hormone pattern and androgens influence the levels of corticosteroid-binding globulin in rat serum

1989 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-O. Jansson ◽  
J. Oscarsson ◽  
A. Mode ◽  
E. M. Ritzén
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Testosterone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Oestrogen Treatment ◽  
Corticosteroid Binding Globulin ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats

ABSTRACT The serum concentration of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) is higher in female rats than in males. Combined hypophysectomy and gonadectomy of female rats reduced the serum concentration of CBG as measured by steady-state polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, whereas hypophysectomy of male rats increased serum CBG. These effects were seen despite replacement therapy with thyroxine and glucocorticoids. Moreover, neither androgen nor oestrogen treatment affected the serum concentrations of CBG in hypophysectomized rats. Continuous infusions of human or bovine GH (1·4 U/kg per day), by means of osmotic minipumps for 1 week, increased serum concentrations of CBG in both hypophysectomized male and female rats. In contrast, intermittent GH replacement therapy by s.c. injections at 12-h intervals either had no effect or suppressed serum CBG levels. In male rats, neonatal (days 1–2) gonadectomy increased CBG levels more than did prepubertal (day 25) gonadectomy, and testosterone replacement therapy reversed these effects. It is concluded that GH increases the serum CBG levels of hypophysectomized rats when it is given in a continuous manner, but not when given intermittently. The sex difference in serum CBG levels of normal rats may, therefore, be attributed to the more continuous secretory pattern of GH previously observed in female rats. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 122, 725–732

Pituitary-gonadal function in neonatal and adult female rats treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and antagonist: short- and long-term effects

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Trimiño ◽  
L Pinilla ◽  
E Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Ovarian Failure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Vaginal Opening ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Adult Females

We have analyzed the mechanisms involved in ovarian failure after administration of gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-A) or antagonists (GnRH-ANT). Ovarian and uterine weights, serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol and pituitary FSH and LH contents were measured in Wistar female rats injected from 1–15 or 90–104 days of age with the agonist d-Ala6-d-Gly10-GnRH or the GnRH-ANT Org. 30276. Vaginal opening, first estrous presentation, vaginal smears and reproductive capacity were also analyzed. In both neonatal and adult females GnRH-A induced pituitary desensitization and reduced ovarian and uterine weights and estradiol serum concentrations. Therefore, serum gonadotropin concentrations were increased in adults and decreased in neonatal females. Puberty occurrence and reproductive function remain unaltered after neonatal treatment with GnRH-A. In neonatal females, FSH and LH pituitary content and FSH serum concentrations decreased at the end of treatment with GnRH-ANT. The effects on LH and estradiol secretion depended on the pattern of treatment. Interestingly enough, both vaginal opening and first estrous presentation were precipitated by GnRH-ANT administration. Normal reproductive function was observed in adults. We conclude that: (i) pituitary desensitization of receptors occurred in both neonatal and adult females after chronic administration of GnRH-A; (ii) the ovarian failure observed in adults that is accompanied by increased serum concentrations of gonadotropins was probably due to an inhibitory effect of GnRH-A directly on the ovaries; (iii) the blockade of GnRH action shortly after birth with GnRH-ANT precipitated the onset of puberty; possibly the antagonist blocks some suppressive effects of endogenous LHRH; (iv) the effects of neonatal administration of GnRH-A or GnRH-ANT were transitory.

scholarly journals Effects of reduction of the number of primordial follicles on follicular development to achieve puberty in female rats

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shirota ◽  
S Soda ◽  
C Katoh ◽  
S Asai ◽  
M Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Oil ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Primary Phase ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Preantral Follicles ◽  
Rat Offspring

Effects of reduction of the number of primordial follicles on follicular development and concentrations of circulating hormones were examined in immature female rat offspring of dams given busulfan intraperitoneally on day 14 of gestation. The offspring of dams treated with 5 mg busulfan kg(-1) showed vaginal opening at an age comparable with the offspring of dams treated with 2.5 mg busulfan kg(-1) or with corn oil as a control, although they exhibited an irregular oestrous cycle until week 14 after birth. The serum concentrations of immunoreactive inhibin and FSH on day 26 after birth of the offspring treated with 5 mg busulfan kg(-1) were similar to those of age-matched controls. On day 15 after birth, however, the concentration of their immunoreactive inhibin was markedly lower than that of controls, whereas the concentration of their FSH was increased inversely. Comparison of the numbers of ovarian follicles in the controls and groups treated with 2.5 mg busulfan kg(-1) and 5 mg busulfan kg(-1) revealed that prenatal treatment with busulfan reduced the number of follicles in the primordial or primary phase and in the preantral phase on day 7 after birth. Although the increase of the ratio of the number of preantral follicles during days 7-13 after birth tended to vary with the prenatal dose of busulfan, the number of preantral follicles in the group treated with 5 mg busulfan kg(-1) was still smaller than in the controls. The concentration of serum immunoreactive inhibin of the offspring treated with busulfan was reduced on day 7 after birth without alteration of the concentration of gonadotrophin. On day 13 after birth, the concentration of serum immunoreactive inhibin was reduced only in the offspring treated with 5 mg busulfan kg(-1), and the concentration of serum FSH of the offspring was increased inversely as found on day 15 after birth. These results indicate that a reduction in the number of primordial follicles decreases the number of follicles that enter the growing phase, a major source of circulating inhibin in the neonatal and infantile ovary, and that consequently increased circulating FSH may accelerate follicular development to achieve puberty.

Endotoxin exposure and puberty in female rats: the role of nitric oxide and caspase-1 inhibition in neonates

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 603-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Ozgocer ◽  
Sedat Yildiz ◽  
Hulya Elbe ◽  
Nigar Vardi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Primordial Follicle ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Vaginal Opening ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Endotoxin Exposure ◽  
Timing Of Puberty

Bacterial toxins are widespread in the environment as well as in the digestive system of humans and animals. Toxin from Gram-negative bacteria (endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide; LPS) has a life-long programming effect on reproduction in rats, but the mediators have not been well-documented, so we investigated the effects of LPS on the timing of puberty in female rats. Because the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) increase following injection of LPS, we injected neonates (post-natal day (pnd) 7) with LPS, with or without NO or IL-1β inhibitors. Half of the prepubescent (pnd 30) animals received an additional LPS injection. Vaginal opening, number of ovarian follicles, and serum anti-LPS antibodies were determined. A single LPS injection was sufficient to reduce the primordial follicle pool, but puberty was delayed when rats received 2 LPS injections (at pnd 7 and 30). NO or IL-1β inhibitors improved both of these parameters, suggesting that the early detrimental effects of LPS on puberty and primordial follicle pool are mediated by NO and IL-1β.

scholarly journals Determine the Role of FSH Receptor Binding Inhibitor in Regulating Ovarian Follicles Development and Expression of FSHR and ERα in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luju Lai ◽  
Xiaoyun Shen ◽  
Haoqin Liang ◽  
Yingying Deng ◽  
Zhuandi Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Development ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Fsh Receptor ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Ovarian Cortex ◽  
Longitudinal Diameter

Mice of FRBI-1, FRBI-2, and FRBI-3 groups were intramuscularly injected with 20, 30, and 40mg/kg, respectively, for five consecutive days. Ovarian weights of three FRBI groups were reduced in comparison with FSH group. Ovarian cortex thicknesses (OCT) of the FRBI-3 group were less than that of the FSH group (P<0.05). As compared to FSH group, there were fewer numbers of secondary follicles (SFs) and mature follicles (MF) on the ovaries of FRBI-treated mice numbers of primary follicles (PFs) and SFs also decreased. In FRBI-3 mice, we found that the primordial follicles (POF) were scarcer, the follicles developed poorly, and granulosa cells became apoptosis. SF numbers of FRBI-2 and FRBI-3 groups were less than that of the FSH group on day 20 (P<0.05). Maximum longitudinal diameter (MLD) and transverse diameter (MTD) of three FRBI groups became decreased during the experiment. MLD and MTD of the FRBI-3 group were smaller than FSH group. Levels of FSHR mRNA and protein were less than that of CG and FSH group (P<0.05). ERα protein levels of FRBI group and serum concentrations of FSH and estradiol (E2) in the FRBI-treated mice were decreased when compared to CG and FSH group. In conclusion, FSH treatment could increase the numbers of SF and MF, enhance follicle development, reduce the numbers of SF and MF, and depress the follicular development of mice. Furthermore, FRBI declined the mRNA and protein levels of ERα and FSHR in the ovaries and dropped serum concentrations of FSH and E2 of mice.

scholarly journals Effects of unilateral or bilateral superior ovarian nerve section in infantile rats on follicular growth

2000 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Moran ◽  
L Morales ◽  
U Quiroz ◽  
R Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Nerve Section ◽  
Superior Ovarian Nerve ◽  
The Right

We report the effects that sectioning the superior ovarian nerve of infantile female rats has on their follicular development at different ages before puberty. Compared with the control group, sham-operated animals showed a significant decrease in the number of measured follicles in right and left ovaries, although no difference in the follicular atresia ratio was observed. Animals with a sectioned left superior ovarian nerve (SON), killed 12 days after surgery had a significant increase in the number of follicles in the ovaries. Most of the follicles were atretic. Sectioning the right SON induced contrasting effects in the ovaries of animals killed 4 and 16 days after surgery. Rats with a denervated (right) ovary showed a decrease in the number of follicles and a greater number of atretic follicles compared with the control group, whereas the innervated (left) ovary showed an increase in measured follicles compared with the control group. Bilateral sectioning had no apparent effect on the total number of follicles measured, although an increased number of atretic follicles in both ovaries was observed. Animals with a unilateral section of the SON, killed 8 and 12 days after surgery, showed a decrease in serum concentrations of estradiol. In turn, animals killed 16 days after surgery showed a significant increase in estradiol and a decrease in the progesterone serum concentration. These results suggest that sympathetic innervation of the ovary via the SON has a stimulatory role in the regulation and differentiation of follicular growth.

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