Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacities and fatty acids profile of 18 alpine plants available as forage for yaks on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangxin Cui ◽  
A. Allan Degen ◽  
Xiaoxing Wei ◽  
Jianwei Zhou ◽  
Luming Ding ◽  
...  

Traditionally, yaks (Poephagus grunniens) raised on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau graze only natural pasture and much of their diet consists of sedges, in particular Kobresia spp. These ruminants are subjected to an extremely harsh environment of strong UV radiation, hypoxia and severe cold, which can lead to high oxidative stress. Consequently, it was predicted that sedges would contain high concentrations of functional antioxidants when compared with other alpine plants, and that this would help them survive the harsh conditions. To test the prediction, 18 alpine plants on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, which are available to yaks as forage, were examined. These plants, including four sedges, five grasses, five forbs and four shrubs, were analysed for gross constituents, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, phenol content, and fatty acids composition. Based on their Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, the 18 plants were divided into three groups: low, medium and high. Three of the four sedges were ranked in the medium group and one in the low group, whereas three of four shrubs were ranked in the high group. The total phenol content of the plants ranged between 1.1 and 12.4 g gallic acid equivalents per 100 g DM, with the shrubs containing the highest concentrations. The prediction that sedges would contain higher antioxidant capacity than other alpine plants was not supported. It was concluded that other factors such as anti-nutritional contents and biomass availability are also important in determining dietary selection in yaks.

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 12021
Author(s):  
Nidya F. CURIEL-MACIEL ◽  
Jesús G. ARREOLA-ÁVILA ◽  
Juan R. ESPARZA-RIVERA ◽  
Edén A. LUNA-ZAPIÉN ◽  
José R. MINJARES-FUENTES ◽  
...  

In the current study were evaluated the nutrimental quality, fatty acid and mineral content, and antioxidant capacity of pecan nut of Criolla and Improved walnut varieties. Nut fruit samples of three Criolla walnut varieties (‘Nazas I’, ‘Nazas II’ and ‘Norteña’), and two Improved varieties (‘Western’ and ‘Wichita’) were collected in La Laguna (Nazas, Durango) in Northern Mexico. The analyses run in nut samples were: bromatological and mineral content, fatty acids profile and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that Criolla and Improved varieties had similar bromatological content except ‘Nazas I’, which had the lowest protein and fat content. Furthermore, nuts from Criolla varieties had a higher mineral content, including iron (~38 mg/100 g dw), zinc (~51 mg/100 g dw) and manganese (25 mg/100 g dw). Besides, the fatty acid profile indicates a higher rate of oleic acid (71%) in nut oil of Criolla varieties than in Improved varieties (61%). Regarding antioxidant capacity (AC) the obtained values were similar in all varieties, with ‘Norteña’ variety (850 µM trolox equivalent/g of oil) in Criolla, and ‘Western’ (800 µM trolox equivalent/g of oil) in Improved as the highest values of AC among all varieties. Hence, pecan nut fruits of Criolla varieties are good nutrients and beneficial health compounds source for consumers, and their production and marketing represent interesting opportunity areas for nut producers.


2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geovanna Tafurt García ◽  
Luisa Jiménez Vidal ◽  
Ana Calvo Salamanca

<p>In this work, the possible correlation between the antioxidant activities and the Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and chemical composition of Lamiaceae (<em>H. conferta, H. dilatata, H. mutabilis, H. suaveolens</em>), Burseraceae (<em>P. heptaphyllum, T. rhoifoila, T. panamensis</em>),<em> </em>and Lauraceae (<em>Ocotea </em>sp.) were evaluated. The Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity or the Total Antioxidant Activity (TAA) was determined by using a colorimetric assay with the ABTS radical cation, Effective Concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) was evaluated with the DPPH radical, and the TPC was established by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, for ethanolic extracts obtained by cold maceration and evaporation to dryness. Both the TAA and the EC<sub>50</sub> were highly correlated with the TPC. The barks of <em>T. rhoifolia</em> and<em> T. panamensis</em> demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacities. The Burseraceae spp. exhibited the highest TPC, and the Lamiaceae (<em>Hyptis</em> spp.) demonstrated the lowest TPC.</p>


Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4073
Author(s):  
Mari Carmen Ruiz-Domínguez ◽  
Carolina Espinosa ◽  
Adrián Paredes ◽  
Jenifer Palma ◽  
Carolina Jaime ◽  
...  

Haematococcus pluvialis is known to be a natural source of antioxidants for numerous applications. In this study, an oleoresin rich in carotenoids extracted by supercritical CO2 treatment of H. pluvialis was extensively characterized for its antioxidant capacity. Carotenoid content, fatty acid profile, total phenol content, antioxidant capacity, and viscosity of the oleoresin were determined with the aim of ascertaining the potential of the oleoresin in terms of its antioxidant content for food applications. The oleoresin contained 96.22 mg/g of total astaxanthin (which includes free astaxanthin and astaxanthin esters) and mostly included unsaturated fatty acids (~78% of total fatty acids). High total phenol content and ferric reducing antioxidant potential indicated high antioxidant capacity, but oxygen radical absorbance capacity was lower compared to the oleoresin samples obtained from other species. The oleoresin was a non-Newtonian fluid since it had shear-thinning (pseudoplastic) and shear-thickening (dilatant) flow. Therefore, the H. pluvialis oleoresin is a potential alternative in developing functional ingredients for designing healthy food products. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has reported an extensive characterization of the antioxidant properties of a microalgal oleoresin obtained by means of supercritical CO2 fluid extraction.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2429
Author(s):  
Nurettin Sahiner

Self-crosslinking of Tannic acid (TA) was accomplished to obtain poly(tannic acid) (p(TA)) particles in single step, surfactant free media using sodium periodate (NaIO4) as an oxidizing agent. Almost monodisperse p(TA) particles with 981 ± 76 nm sizes and −22 ± 4 mV zeta potential value with ellipsoidal shape was obtained. Only slight degradation of p(TA) particles with 6.8 ± 0.2% was observed at pH 7.4 in PBS up to 15 days because of the irreversible covalent formation between TA units, suggesting that hydrolytic degradation is independent from the used amounts of oxidation agents. p(TA) particles were found to be non-hemolytic up to 0.5 mg/mL concentration and found not to affect blood clotting mechanism up to 2 mg/mL concentration. Antioxidant activity of p(TA) particles was investigated by total phenol content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), total flavanoid content (TFC), and Fe (II) chelating activity. p(TA) particles showed strong antioxidant capability in comparison to TA molecules, except FRAP assay. The antibacterial activity of p(TA) particles was investigated by micro-dilution technique on E. coli as Gram‑negative and S. aureus as Gram-positive bacteria and found that p(TA) particles are more effective on S. aureus with over 50% inhibition at 20 mg/mL concentration attained.


Biomarkers ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan W. Dallinga ◽  
Guido R. M. M. Haenen ◽  
Aalt Bast ◽  
Frederik-Jan Van Schooten

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Horvathova ◽  
Zuzana Orszaghova ◽  
Lucia Laubertova ◽  
Magdalena Vavakova ◽  
Peter Sabaka ◽  
...  

We examinedin vitroantioxidant capacity of polyphenolic extract obtained from the wood of oakQuercus robur(QR), Robuvit, using TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) method and the effect of its intake on markers of oxidative stress, activity of antioxidant enzymes, and total antioxidant capacity in plasma of 20 healthy volunteers. Markers of oxidative damage to proteins, DNA, and lipids and activities of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in the erythrocytes. We have found anin vitroantioxidant capacity of Robuvit of 6.37 micromole Trolox equivalent/mg of Robuvit. One month intake of Robuvit in daily dose of 300 mg has significantly decreased the serum level of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and lipid peroxides (LP). Significantly increased activities of SOD and CAT as well as total antioxidant capacity of plasma after one month intake of Robuvit have been shown. In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that the intake of Robuvit is associated with decrease of markers of oxidative stress and increase of activity of antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity of plasmain vivo.


2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cinnella ◽  
G. Vendemiale ◽  
M. Dambrosio ◽  
G. Serviddio ◽  
P.L. Pugliese ◽  
...  

We studied the effects of Propofol, Desflurane, and Sevoflurane on the systemic redox balance in patients undergoing laparohysterectomy. We measured blood concentration of glutathione (GSH), plasma antioxidant capacity (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity-TEAC), and lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde (aMDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (aHNE) protein adducts). Sixty patients were randomly placed into three groups of twenty people each. In Group P anesthesia was induced with Propofol 2 mg/kg and maintained with 12–10–8 mg/kg/min; in Groups S and D anesthesia was induced with 3 mg/kg Sodium Thiopental and maintained with 2% Sevoflurane and 6% Desflurane, respectively. Blood samples were collected prior to induction (T0bas), 60min and 24h postoperatively (T160' and T224 h). In Group P, GSH increased on T160' (p<0.02) and returned to baseline on T24h, while TEAC remained unmodified; in Groups S, GSH and TEAC decreased on T160' (p<0.01 vs. T0bas, p<0.03 vs. T0bas, respectively); in Group D, on T160' there was a slight decrease of GSH and TEAC. The levels of aMDA slightly decreased throughout the study periods in Group P, increased in Group D, and remained stable in Group S. Propofol showed antioxidant properties, while Sevoflurane and Desflurane seemed to shift the redox balance towards oxidation, yet without inducing overt oxidative damage.


Author(s):  
José María Giménez-Egido ◽  
Raquel Hernández-García ◽  
Damián Escribano ◽  
Silvia Martínez-Subiela ◽  
Gema Torres-Luque ◽  
...  

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the changes caused by a one-day tennis tournament in biomarkers of oxidative stress and α-amylase in saliva in children. The sample was 20 male active children with the following characteristics: (a) age of players = 9.46 ± 0.66 years; (b) weight = 34.8 ± 6.5 kg; (c) height = 136.0 ± 7.9 cm; (d) mean weekly training tennis = 2.9 ± 1.0 h. The tennis competition ran for one day, with four matches for each player. Data were taken from the average duration per match and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Four biomarkers of antioxidant status: uric acid (AU), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing ability of saliva (FRAS, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) as a biomarker of psychological stress were measured in saliva. The time points were baseline (at home before the tournament), pre-competition (immediately before the first match) and post-match (after each match) measurements. The four biomarkers of antioxidant status showed a similar dynamic with lower values at baseline and a progressive increase during the four matches. Overall one-day tennis competition in children showed a tendency to increase antioxidant biomarkers in saliva. In addition, there was an increase in pre-competition sAA possibly associated with psychological stress. Further studies about the possible physiological implications of these findings should be performed in the future.


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