scholarly journals Multidecadal, county-level analysis of the effects of land use, Bt cotton, and weather on cotton pests in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (33) ◽  
pp. E7700-E7709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yanhui Lu ◽  
Wopke van der Werf ◽  
Jikun Huang ◽  
Feng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Cotton Bollworm ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Cotton Pests ◽  
Unused Land

Long-term changes in land use, climate, and agricultural technologies may affect pest severity and management. The influences of these major drivers can only be identified by analyzing long-term data. This study examines panel data on land use, adoption of genetically modified Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insect-resistant cotton, weather, pest severity, and insecticide use on three major cotton pests for 51 counties in China during 1991–2015. Bt cotton had pervasive effects on the whole pest complex in cotton and its management. Adoption resulted in major reductions in insecticide use for bollworm control. The resulting restoration of aphid biological control decreased aphid severity. However, mirid bugs, which have few effective natural enemies in cotton, increased in severity with warming May and reduced insecticide spraying against bollworm. The effects of landscape on pest severity were pest specific. The severity of cotton aphid and mirid bugs decreased with higher land use diversity, but the severity of highly polyphagous cotton bollworm was unrelated to land use diversity. Shares of forest, water body, and unused land area were negatively associated with the severity of mirid bugs, whereas cotton bollworm responded positively to the shares of water body and unused land area. Farmers sprayed insecticides at mild infestation levels and responded aggressively to severe bollworm outbreaks. Findings support the usefulness of Bt-based plant resistance as a component of integrated pest management (IPM) but highlight the potential for unexpected outcomes resulting from agro-ecosystem feedback loops as well as the importance of climate.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Change of Land Use and Its Impact on Water Quality of East-Liao River Basin from 2000 to 2020

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Mingxi Zhang ◽  
Guangzhi Rong ◽  
Aru Han ◽  
Dao Riao ◽  
Xingpeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Land use change is an important driving force factor affecting the river water environment and directly affecting water quality. To analyze the impact of land use change on water quality change, this study first analyzed the land use change index of the study area. Then, the study area was divided into three subzones based on surface runoff. The relationship between the characteristics of land use change and the water quality grade was obtained by grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the land use types changed significantly in the study area since 2000, and water body and forest land were the two land types with the most significant changes. The transfer rate is cultivated field > forest land > construction land > grassland > unused land > water body. The entropy value of land use information is represented as Area I > Area III > Area II. The shift range of gravity center is forest land > grassland > water body > unused land > construction land > cultivated field. There is a strong correlation between land use change index and water quality, which can be improved and managed by changing the land use type. It is necessary to establish ecological protection areas or functional areas in Area I, artificial lawns or plantations shall be built in the river around the water body to intercept pollutants from non-point source pollution in Area II, and scientific and rational farming in the lower reaches of rivers can reduce non-point source pollution caused by farming.

Effects of Land Use Changes on Ecosystem Service Value in a Typical Tourist Area-A Case Study in Yangshuo, Guilin

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 2646-2655
Author(s):  
Zhu Quan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Ecosystem Service Value ◽  
Service Value ◽  
Unused Land

Based on the data of land use in 1999, 2005, 2010 and 2020, selected the typical tourist area Yangshuo and research the land use changes on ecosystem service value and then estimated the value change. Throughout the study period, Yangshuo County has been always implement tourism development strategy, the unused land substantially reduced and transformed into woodland, water body and wetland, which makes the ecological environment has been improved. The total value of ecosystem services in Yangshuo County was 1067.4 million Yuan in 1999, 1165 million Yuan in 2005, 1478.3 million Yuan in 2010, from 1999 to 2020, the ecosystem service values increased 1002.9 million Yuan, it is mainly due to the increasing areas of woodland, water body and wetland. The combined ecosystem service value of woodland and cropland was about 90% of the total value. The contribution of each ecosystem function to the overall ESV was greatest for soil formation and retention, followed by water supply, both of them contributing about 34% of the total value. Yangshuo County implement eco-tourism, landscape of leisure tourism and agro-tourism as the development strategy, it provides a strong protection to protect the local environment, and promote the ecosystem service values on the rise.

The Study of Potential Evaluation and Spatial Distribution of Intensive Land Use in Development Zone Based on GIS Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 1272-1279
Author(s):  
Ping Ren ◽  
Jie Ming Zhou ◽  
Fen Na Wu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Development Zone ◽  
Land Use Model ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
Potential Evaluation ◽  
Intensive Land Use

As a concentration center of modern industry and an important power of regional economic growing, development zone played a key role in improving rapid growth of economy. And it is also an engine of regional economical development and a new base of technology innovation. However, problems of development zone expansion and extensive land use have not been solved eventually. Based on basic investigations of land use, industrial development and economic situation of the development zone, this paper introduced a way of combination of GIS technology and mathematic model to evaluate potential size of intensive land us, especially information about the distribution and quantity of unused land, idle land and inefficiently used land. This is significant for the development zones to control blind expansion, improve identification of inefficiently used land, establish intensive land use model and build a perfect appraisal regulation and a long-term mechanism for intensive land use.

scholarly journals Stockpol: A decision support model for livestock farms

1991 ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. Marshall ◽  
D.G. Mccall ◽  
K.L. Johns
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Decision Support Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Individual Farm

A computer program called Stockpol is described. It is a biological model designed for decision support applications on pastoral farms. Individual farm scenarios are defined in terms of component subfiles which define stock (numbers and performance), land (area, pasture growth rates and land use), prices and constants. Physical and financial reports are available for individual scenarios, and for comparisons among scenarios. Once defined, scenarios are tested for biological feasibility by calculating if there is enough pasture cover on the farm at all times to meet animal requirements for targetperformance levels. Policies for biologically unfeasible farms can be automatically modified if necessary. Stockpol can be used to analyse long-term policy changes or short-term feed budgets, but it is not suitabIe for paddock-level feed budgeting. Keywords sheep, beef, pasture growth, pasture cover, feed budget, biological feasibility, prices, profits, computer model

Dynamic Change of Land Use in the Southern Loess Plateau

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2703-2706
Author(s):  
Bin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Temporal Dynamic ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
North And South

In order to reveal the characteristics of land use change in the south loess plateau, this paper tentatively divided Loess Plateau into North and South under the support of GIS, and then introduced land use spatial temporal dynamic model, analyzed land use dynamic change in provincial scale. The results showed: during the 25 years, construction land area increased from 3555.99 km2 to 4794.28 km2, unused land decreased by 0.02 percentage points, forest land area increased from 51011.31 km2 to 51066.79 km2, waters increased of 0.01 percentage points, farmland area decreased to 98561.57 km2 from100004.79 km2, grassland area increased by 0.08 percentage points. Land use change important values in province scale on each were not identical, showed obvious regional differences.Introduction.

Suzhou Urban Land-Use Change and its Prediction Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 3539-3542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Fang ◽  
Juan Yang ◽  
Qi Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Markov Model ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Construction Land

Based on the 2000 ETM+ and 2009 TM images, the Suzhou urban district as the research object, supported by the remote sensing software, using the support vector machine (SVM) classification to extract the urban landscape types in 2000-2009, analyzing the land-use dynamic change and mutual transformation in Suzhou urbanization process from the land-use type transition matrix, dynamic degree, development degree and consumption reduction degree, and using the Markov model to forecast the Suzhou urban land-use dynamic change trend in 2009, 2018, 2027 and 2036, for the future Suzhou land-use dynamic monitoring, land-use planning and adjustment, ecological environment regulation and restoration, and land resource sustainable utilization to provide the theoretical basis. The results show that Suzhou urban land-use occurred to a large changes from 2000 to 2009, the construction land area increased significantly, the cultivated land area reduced sharply, the wood land and water body area slightly increased. According to the Markov model prediction results from 2009 to 2036, the cultivated land and wood land area will continue to reduce, the construction land and water body area will continue to increase, which makes the contradiction between the cultivated land protection and the urban expansion will become more prominent.

Central Otago - Built on gold, growing on grass.

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Barrie J. Wills
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Land Use ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
District Council ◽  
Definition Of

A warm welcome to our "World of Difference" to all delegates attending this conference - we hope your stay is enjoyable and that you will leave Central Otago with an enhanced appreciation of the diversity of land use and the resilient and growing economic potential that this region has to offer. Without regional wellbeing the national economy will struggle to grow, something Central Government finally seems to be realising, and the Central Otago District Council Long Term Plan 2012-2022 (LTP) signals the importance of establishing a productive economy for the local community which will aid in the economic growth of the district and seeks to create a thriving economy that will be attractive to business and residents alike. Two key principles that underpin the LTP are sustainability and affordability, with the definition of sustainability being "… development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."

Interrelationships between municipal spatial policy strategy and airport operation and development. Lodz Airport case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Nikorowicz-Zatorska
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
The One ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Abstract The present paper focuses on spatial management regulations in order to carry out investment in the field of airport facilities. The construction, upgrades, and maintenance of airports falls within the area of responsibility of local authorities. This task poses a great challenge in terms of organisation and finances. On the one hand, an active airport is a municipal landmark and drives local economic, social and cultural development, and on the other, the scale of investment often exceeds the capabilities of local authorities. The immediate environment of the airport determines its final use and prosperity. The objective of the paper is to review legislation that affects airports and the surrounding communities. The process of urban planning in Lodz and surrounding areas will be presented as a background to the problem of land use management in the vicinity of the airport. This paper seeks to address the following questions: if and how airports have affected urban planning in Lodz, does the land use around the airport prevent the development of Lodz Airport, and how has the situation changed over the time? It can be assumed that as a result of lack of experience, land resources and size of investments on one hand and legislative dissonance and peculiar practices on the other, aviation infrastructure in Lodz is designed to meet temporary needs and is characterised by achieving short-term goals. Cyclical problems are solved in an intermittent manner and involve all the municipal resources, so there’s little left to secure long-term investments.

scholarly journals Soil erosion by snow gliding – a first quantification attempt in a subalpine area in Switzerland

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 3763-3775 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Meusburger ◽  
G. Leitinger ◽  
L. Mabit ◽  
M. H. Mueller ◽  
A. Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Snow Gliding

Abstract. Snow processes might be one important driver of soil erosion in Alpine grasslands and thus the unknown variable when erosion modelling is attempted. The aim of this study is to assess the importance of snow gliding as a soil erosion agent for four different land use/land cover types in a subalpine area in Switzerland. We used three different approaches to estimate soil erosion rates: sediment yield measurements in snow glide depositions, the fallout radionuclide 137Cs and modelling with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). RUSLE permits the evaluation of soil loss by water erosion, the 137Cs method integrates soil loss due to all erosion agents involved, and the measurement of snow glide deposition sediment yield can be directly related to snow-glide-induced erosion. Further, cumulative snow glide distance was measured for the sites in the winter of 2009/2010 and modelled for the surrounding area and long-term average winter precipitation (1959–2010) with the spatial snow glide model (SSGM). Measured snow glide distance confirmed the presence of snow gliding and ranged from 2 to 189 cm, with lower values on the north-facing slopes. We observed a reduction of snow glide distance with increasing surface roughness of the vegetation, which is an important information with respect to conservation planning and expected and ongoing land use changes in the Alps. Snow glide erosion estimated from the snow glide depositions was highly variable with values ranging from 0.03 to 22.9 t ha−1 yr−1 in the winter of 2012/2013. For sites affected by snow glide deposition, a mean erosion rate of 8.4 t ha−1 yr−1 was found. The difference in long-term erosion rates determined with RUSLE and 137Cs confirms the constant influence of snow-glide-induced erosion, since a large difference (lower proportion of water erosion compared to total net erosion) was observed for sites with high snow glide rates and vice versa. Moreover, the difference between RUSLE and 137Cs erosion rates was related to the measured snow glide distance (R2 = 0.64; p < 0.005) and to the snow deposition sediment yields (R2 = 0.39; p = 0.13). The SSGM reproduced the relative difference of the measured snow glide values under different land uses and land cover types. The resulting map highlighted the relevance of snow gliding for large parts of the investigated area. Based on these results, we conclude that snow gliding appears to be a crucial and non-negligible process impacting soil erosion patterns and magnitude in subalpine areas with similar topographic and climatic conditions.

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