Republican Code, Working Conditions, and Cross-Cultural Hybridity in the Literature of Suriname and Cuba

Author(s):  
Ineke Phaf-Rheinberger
1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Beaty ◽  
B. De Vries

In this study the authors compare the job satisfaction levels of white and coloured nurses employed at job parity and under similar working conditions. Perceptions of both groups concerning evidence of 25 job characteristics were also obtained. The findings reveal that although coloured nurses identify more job characteristics than their white counterparts, they are not significantly satisfied on intrinsic, extrinsic and overall satisfaction measures. Implications for the advancement of coloured workers into job parity with whites are discussed. Moderating variables that might have influenced these results are also addressed.


PMLA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Élika Ortega

In this Essay, I Propose Taking Media-Cultural Hybridity as a Framework for Theorizing the Many Praxes of the Digital Humanities. Media-cultural hybridity, characterized by systemic media changes that have fostered cross-cultural exchanges, can usefully frame the varieties of DH and their concomitant global-cultural implications. Most DH practitioners will agree that media changes have already altered aspects of our reflections about, and everyday work in, the humanities; the field has examined the effects of these changes frequently and in depth in the last decade. But if, as I suggest in the following paragraphs, systemic media changes are accompanied by parallel systemic cultural changes, then DH could surpass the rhetoric of collaboration and make way not just for trans- or interdisciplinarity but also, crucially, for cross-cultural practices. In these pages I can only begin to sketch this framework, which itself is just one part of a larger investigation, but the questions I raise here will, I hope, be intriguing enough to spark further discussion. Now that DH has carved some niches, big and small, in academies around the world, highlighted the importance of local academic and cultural specificities, and established a praxis that negotiates the print and digital cultural records, is it possible to work toward topological understandings of the various emergences of the field? That is, can we develop understandings not just of the many local and disciplinary DH praxes but also of the encounters between them as indicators of the continuities and ruptures in the field? And, ultimately, can those understandings force us to rethink our epistemology so that it incorporates the cross-cultural exchanges at play?


Author(s):  
Niki Grennell-Hawke ◽  
Keith Tudor

This article addresses the first author’s experience of identifying as both Māori and Pākehā in Aotearoa New Zealand. Based on her own research using both kaupapa research theory and heuristic research method, and supervised by the second author, the article describes her negotiation of the experience of being a hybrid cultural subject and object, of belonging and not belonging. The article extends the practice and understanding of cross-cultural research on a number of levels: the intrapsychic (i.e., within the principal investigator herself), the interpersonal (i.e., between the researcher and supervisor), and the methodological (i.e., between an indigenous and a Western theory).


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Philip Ademola Olayoku

Diasporic communities, as geographies of national cultures abroad, are central to cultural hybridity as new cultures emerge when migrants intersect with their host communities. They have also been construed by national governments as informal trajectories for continuities of economic and diplomatic relations. This study examines the cultural intersectionality of the Yoruba and Chinese diasporic communities by situating the points of convergence for normative ethics within the Yoruba – Chinese sociocultural experiences as cross-cultural templates for diasporic spaces serving to consolidate official national partnerships. The study explores case studies from performances of the Chinese Ru tradition, founded on three basic virtues of ren, yi and li, and juxtaposes them with Yoruba ethical equivalents of ṣ’ènìyàn (humaneness), òdodo (righteousness) and ìwà-ètọ́ ̣(propriety) as prerequisites for qualifying as omo ̣ lúàbí ̣ . The study contends that these ethical codes, retained in diasporic communities through family traditions, music and theatre, are viable templates for smooth Nigeria-China relations in building the proposed community of shared future within the context of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).


Interpreting ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Rudvin

This paper focuses on the relationship between professionalism and cultural constructions of selfhood, in particular the differences between group-based and individual-based identity-building processes. The underlying assumption is that the interpreter’s cultural parameters affect his/her view of professional role and professionalism. This assumption raises the question of whether or not s/he is also guided (consciously or unconsciously) by the host country’s understanding of ethics and professionalism and whether these two potentially opposing values tend to converge over time. The paper argues that because community interpreting as a profession is still very heterogenous, the interpreter’s role is often defined by how the institution uses him/her and what its needs are. Consequently, establishing a universal or near-universal code of professional ethics becomes highly problematic; it also impacts on crucial issues such as impartiality. The paper argues that the complex nature of professionalism and of cross-cultural differences in attitude towards professional role and social identity will have to be addressed by the professional community to improve quality and working conditions for clients, users and interpreters.


2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Ochoa Pacheco ◽  
David Coello-Montecel

PurposeWorking conditions constitute an important predictor of worker's wellbeing and, consequently, of organizational outcomes. The Working Conditions Questionnaire is derived from a theoretical framework in which working conditions within the organization are formulated as a triple relationship between the environment, the method and the individual. Previous studies have assessed the psychometric properties of this instrument, but its measurement invariance has not been evaluated before. In this context, this study's objective was to examine and validate the dimensionality of the questionnaire and to evaluate its measurement invariance across six Ibero-American countries.Design/methodology/approachData collected from 7,404 professionals from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico and Spain were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis.FindingsConstruct validity and reliability were confirmed. Also, results allowed to propose a refined version of the instrument in Spanish and Portuguese and confirmed its measurement invariance across six Ibero-American countries.Originality/valueThe study extends the current research by demonstrating the cross-cultural applicability of this instrument, improving future research in these six Ibero-American countries.


Author(s):  
Ellie R. Schainker

Chapter 6 charts the proliferation of Jewish-Christian sects in southern Russia in the 1880s and the confessional journeys of their leaders and adherents who were in conversation with contemporary sectarian and revolutionary political movements. These sects provided a forum for a cross-cultural conversation in the public press on Jewish and Russian fears of conversion, cultural hybridity, and trespassing the boundaries of imperial confessions. The liminal space occupied by the sects highlighted the tension between tolerated confession and personal faith in the empire, and the question of where converts and schismatics communally belonged.


1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millicent Poole ◽  
Laurel Bornholt

This study takes a lifespan perspective on academic career development across several countries, in examining contributions to aspects of academic work in terms of gender, age groups, and years of experience in higher education. The study was based on the recent International Survey of the Academic Profession (Altbach, 1996). Findings suggest common themes regarding attitudes and activities within the gendered context of academic work that vary from one country to another and among working conditions, activities of teaching, research and service, issues of governance and management, and international dimensions of academic work. A general model is then described of activities and attitudes that constitute academic work. These findings are discussed in terms of strategies for career development that optimise the academic in a context.


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