The classical elements in written Chinese

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-sheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Register Variation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Classical Chinese ◽  
Primary Dimension ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
The Difference

There has been a common belief that the presence of classical Chinese elements may be an important characteristic of the written style in modern Chinese. An empirical study employing the multi-feature, multi-dimensional framework for studying register variation (Biber 1988) and the statistical method of correspondence analysis confirms that there is indeed a classical dimension in modern written Chinese; but it is only one of two dimensions. The quantitative results further show that the classical dimension is not the primary dimension. The more important dimension is that of ‘literate vs. non-literate’, which has not received as much attention. The separation of the classical from the literate dimension makes it possible to account for the fact that registers having more classical Chinese elements are not necessarily more literate and vice versa. Another intriguing finding from the study is that classical Chinese elements are not monolithic; there seem to be four different types, which are distributed differently along the literate as well as the classical dimension. The difference in word length and integrability is hypothesized to account for the different types.

scholarly journals On the Non-Gaussianity of the Height of Sea Waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1446
Author(s):  
Alicia Nieto-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Gaussian Process ◽  
Random Projections ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sea Wave

The objective of this paper is to prove that the sea wave height is not a Gaussian process. This is contrary to the common belief, as the height of a sea wave is generally considered a Gaussian process. With this aim in mind, an empirical study of the buoys along the US coast at a random day is pursued. The analysis differs from those in the literature in that we study the Gaussianity of the process as a whole and not just of its one-dimensional marginal. This is done by making use of random projections and a variety of tests that are powerful against different types of alternatives. The study has resulted in a rejection of the Gaussianity in over 96% of the studied cases.

Ethical Ideology of Business Students in India: An Empirical Study

Think India ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-10
Author(s):  
Manjit Kour
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Ethical Ideology ◽  
Ethical Orientation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Position Questionnaire

This study examines the ethical ideology of business students in the state of Punjab, India. This study uses Ethics position Questionnaire (Forsyth, 1980) to determine ethical ideology on basis of two dimensions-idealism and relativism. The sample consists of 160 postgraduate students studying in three universities in Punjab. It is found that most of the students are idealistic in their ethical orientation and fall into situationist category. It is also found that the difference of idealism and relativism scores between male and female students is not significant.

scholarly journals Teaching of Classical Chinese Prose under Bilingual Environment in Singapore

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Li Jia
Keyword(s):  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Pedagogical Approach ◽  
Mind Mapping ◽  
Teaching Literature ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Teaching Language ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Classical Chinese ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Strategies

<p>The teaching of classical Chinese prose in Singapore involves challenges peculiar to the bilingual environment, which suggest a need for new strategies based on a crucial recognition of the difference between teaching literature and teaching language. The paper argues for a key pedagogical approach based on the teaching of literary aspects in ancient prose with the help of problem-based learning. This would also involve systematic classification in order to consolidate different strategies suited for different types of Classical Chinese Prose. These strategies include mind mapping, five thinking hats and so on.Through an approach of problem-based learning, one may motivate students to explore ancient articles more enthusiastically, foster their critical thinking and creative ability, thereby enhancing cognitive ability, and increasing their interest in learning ancient articles. Through the reading, understanding and analysis of subtle words, one may improve on students’ ability in literary appreciation, and prompt them to explore more sophisticated interpretation, thereby enhancing their cultivation in the humanities.</p>

Empirical Study on the Behaviours of Different Types of Hong Kong Small Investorss in Their Investment

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheung-Chi Chow ◽  
Tai-Yuen Hon ◽  
Wing-Keung Wong ◽  
Kai Yin Woo
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Different Types

Transition Times in Memory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella della Porta ◽  
Massimiliano Andretta ◽  
Tiago Fernandes ◽  
Eduardo Romanos ◽  
Markos Vogiatzoglou
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Democratic Regime ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transition Times ◽  
Movement Participation

The second chapter covers the main characteristics of transition time in the four countries: Italy, Greece, Spain, and Portugal. After developing the theoretical model on paths of transition, with a focus on social movement participation, the chapter looks at social movements and protest events as turning points during transition, covering in particular the specific movement actors, their organizational models, and their repertoires of action and frames. The chapter focuses on two dimensions: the role of mobilization in the transition period, which implies the analysis of how elites and masses interact, ally, or fight with each other in the process, and the outcome of transitions as continuity versus rupture of the democratic regime vis-à-vis the old one. It concludes by elaborating some hypotheses on how different modes of transition may produce different types and uses of (transition) memories.

Challenges in the Empirical Study of Global Governance Legitimacy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Political Communities

This commentary discusses three challenges for the promising and ambitious research agenda outlined in the volume. First, it interrogates the volume’s attempts to differentiate political communities of legitimation, which may vary widely in composition, power, and relevance across institutions and geographies, with important implications not only for who matters, but also for what gets legitimated, and with what consequences. Second, it examines avenues to overcome possible trade-offs from gains in empirical tractability achieved through the volume’s focus on actor beliefs and strategies. One such trade-off is less attention to evolving norms and cultural factors that may underpin actors’ expectations about what legitimacy requires. Third, it addresses the challenge of theory building that can link legitimacy sources, (de)legitimation practices, audiences, and consequences of legitimacy across different types of institutions.

Quality of life in Hungarian polio survivors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Viktória Miszory ◽  
Melinda Járomi ◽  
Annamária Pakai
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Role ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Polio Survivors

Abstract Aim The number of Hungarian polio patients can be estimated at approximately 3000. Polio infection is currently affecting people 56–65 years of age. The aim of the study was to reveal the quality of life of patients living with polio virus in Hungary. Subject and methods The quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in January–April 2017 among polyomyelitis patients living in Hungary. In the non-random, targeted, expert sample selection, the target group was composed of patients infected with poliovirus (N = 268). We have excluded those who refused to sign the consent statement. Our data collection method was an SF-36 questionnaire. Using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22 program, descriptive and mathematical statistics (χ2-test) were calculated (p < 0.05). Results The mean age of the members of the examined population is 63.5 years; 68.1% were women and 31.90% were men. The majority of the respondents were infected by the polyovirus in 1956 (11.9%), 1957 (24.3%), and 1959 (19.5%). Polio patients, with the exception of two dimensions (mental health, social operation), on the scale of 100 do not reach the “average” quality of life (physical functioning 23 points, functional role 36 points, emotional role 47 points, body pain 48 points, general health 42 points, vitality 50 points, health change 31 points). Conclusion The quality of life of polio patients is far below the dimensions of physical function, while the difference in mental health compared to healthy people is minimal. It would be important to educate health professionals about the existing disease, to develop an effective rehabilitation method.

scholarly journals Investigation of Color Reproduction on Linen Fabrics when Printing with Mimaki TX400-1800D Inkjet with Pigment TP250 Dyes

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Tim Tofan ◽  
Rimantas Stonkus ◽  
Raimondas Jasevičius
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Color Reproduction ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Color Characteristics ◽  
Fabric Density ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Linen Fabric

The aim of this research is to investigate related effect of dyeability to linen textiles related to different printing parameters. The study investigated the change in color characteristics when printing on linen fabrics with an inkjet MIMAKI Tx400-1800D printer with pigmented TP 250 inks. The dependence of color reproduction on linen fabrics on the number of print head passes, number of ink layers to be coated, linen fabric density, and different types of linen fabric was investigated. All this affects the quality of print and its mechanical properties. The change in color characteristics on different types of linen fabrics was determined experimentally. We determine at which print settings the most accurate color reproduction can be achieved on different linen fabrics. The difference between the highest and the lowest possible number of head passages was investigated. The possibilities of reproducing different linen fabric colors were determined.

Preschoolers' Imaginativeness: Subtypes, Correlates, and Maladaptive Extremes

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roni Beth Tower
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Healthy Child ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Negative Implication

In a study of forty-three preschool children, ratings of four types of the children's imaginativeness were correlated with observational, behavioral, and interview measures. Research questions were: 1) Do correlates of imaginativeness found in observational studies replicate if trait rather than state measures are examined? 2) Do different types of imaginativeness have different correlates? and 3) What characteristics distinguish children at the maladaptive extremes of imaginativeness from those at more moderate levels? The conceptual and empirical utility of considering imaginativeness to have two dimensions, Expressive and Constructive, was demonstrated. While optimal levels of Constructive Imaginativeness correlated significantly with other indices of healthy child development, the correlations were fewer and tended to be weaker for Expressive Imaginativeness. The negative implication of extremes was documented.

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