Our metaphorical minds

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily I-wen Su
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Common Bond ◽  
The World ◽  
Group Member

Abstract Aside from metaphor being an important language device reflecting human cognition, it also provides a window into the understanding of culture (Kövecsec 2019). Language is a function of culture because it is a form of the verbal and nonverbal systems by which a group member can communicate with another member. Language bonds together people of the same cultural identity because it functions as a common bond between people who have the same linguistic heritage. As argued in Verhagen (2008), values of one’s understanding of the world he lives in may in turn be influenced by the conceptual metaphors he unconsciously holds to visualize his world. Verhagen has provided a valuable standpoint, yet it is western-centered and European-oriented. By investigating different Chinese metaphors in proverbs, food, marriage, and time expressions, this paper intends to address the following questions: Does conceptualization via metaphors reflect any specific Chinese mode of thinking? Does such conceptualization give a taste of Chinese culture? What kind(s) of theoretical and pragmatic implications can be derived from our line of investigation? It is thus hoped that this paper may provide empirical evidence with reference to mappings between thought and language, which in turn, may serve as a way to explore culture.

scholarly journals Peran Masjid Lautze 2 Bandung dalam Dakwah dan Budaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Mila Mardotillah ◽  
Amin Hendro ◽  
Rini Soemarwoto ◽  
Ardini Raksanagara
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Chinese Muslims ◽  
Real Practice

Moslem is a human obedience in submission to Allah SWT. The surrender to Allah SWT consists of spiritual and civic practices based on the Quran and Sahih Hadits. In community practices are influenced by how culture forms in society. Identity is part of the culture and social environment that can be shifted according to the dynamics of society life. Identity revolves around the space and time of every generation in the world of everyday life that comes from human thoughts and actions and evolves into real practice including Chinese culture which became a variety of Nusantara ethnic groups summarized in the activities of the Lautze 2 Mosque.  The aim of this article is to examine how a Chinese Muslim as an Indonesian Nation by maintaining Chinese cultural identity without conflicting with religious rules by making the mosque utilizes. The method used is descriptive qualitative method to analyze how the Lautze 2 Mosque in Bandung has an active role in community activities and da’wah. The result show that the Chinese Muslim community has an active role in the utilize of the Lautze 2 Mosque as a means of religious da'wah, has an active role in helping people regardless of ethnicity and customs but still maintaining their identity as Chinese Muslims.

scholarly journals The Concept of "Time" as the Ideological Foundation of Cultural Identity

2013 ◽  
pp. 224-225
Author(s):  
A. A. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
The World ◽  
Universal Category ◽  
Perception Of Time

The author considers time as a universal category of human cognition. Cultural identity is closely linked with the conceptual view of the world. On the example of phraseology in the Russian and Spanish are considered cultural and national peculiarities of perception of time.

Humans, common household pets and farm animals can theoretically mutually infect each other with SARS-CoV-2 and develop the COVID-19 pathology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Metere
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
The World

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is spreading fast throughout the world, and often the new cases are reported as community spread, which means that it is not possible to identify a specific cause for contagion. Household pets and farm animals live closely to humans and even if currently there is no empirical evidence of animal to human transmission, it has not been reported yet if transmission is in principle possible. This work addresses such hypothesis, confirming that transmission is theoretically possible, and highly likely to occur between humans and mammals. Less likely or not likely at all between humans and birds. Further research is needed to validate the birds to humans transmission. -- THIS ARTICLE IS CURRENTLY BEING EXPANDED AND REVISED --

Адам аттарына байланыштуу ысымдардын өзгөчөлүктөрү

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Г.К. Рысбаева ◽  
Ш.Б. Бәйнеш
Keyword(s):  
Human Cognition ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
World Model ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
The World ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
The Trinity

Аннотация: Бул макалада араб, перси, түрк тилдеринен кабыл алынган кудай («алла», «теңир») темасына байланыштуу когнитивдик фразеологизмдери иликтѳѳгѳ алынган. Учурда жалпы адамзаттык деңгээлде дүйнѳ таанууга тиешелүү дүйнонүн тилдик элеси маселеси жана филологиялык түшүнүктѳрдүн катарына кирет. «Тил –ойлоо –дүйнѳ» триядасында «Дүйнѳнүн тилдик элеси, дүйнѳнүн концептуалдык элеси» маселелерин изилдѳѳ азыркы тил илиминдеги актуалдуу маселелердин алкагына кирет. Дүйнөнүн тилдик элеси –тил маселесинде борбордук орунду ээлеген адамга тиешелүү тилдик формада жана структурада реалдуу болмуштун ѳзгѳчѳ ыкмада чагылдырылышы, элестелиши макалада кеңири сөз болот. Түйүндүү сѳздѳр: антропонимдер, тотемизм, анимизм, семантика, адам аттары,дүйнѳнүн образы, культтук сѳздѳр. Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются антропонимы арабско-персидского происхождения, посвящённые культу Бога («Құдай», «Алла», «Тәңірі»), а также связанные с ними когнитивные фразеологизмы в тюркских языках. В настоящее время рассмотрение языковой картины мира в общечеловеческих понятиях познания мира, являются философским и филологическим понятиями. Исследование «Языковой картины мира» и «Концептуальной картины мира» в триединстве «Язык-мышление-мир» является одной из актуальных проблем современного языкознания. Языковая картина мира - специфический для данного языка способ отражения и представления действительности в языковых формах и структурах в ее отношении с человеком, который является центральной фигурой языка. Ключевые слова: антропонимы, тотемизм, анимизм, семантика, имена людей, образ мира, культовое слово. ABSTRACT: The article deals with anthroponomy of the Arab-Persian origin that are devoted to the cults of the God, and related to them cognitive phraseologies in Turkic languages. The main cognitive concepts that are reflected in the national Turkic in verbal parasitological units from lingo-cultural and ethno linguistic aspects are analyzed. Now consider the language picture of the world in general human cognition in the unity of the world model, and with the same conceptual view of the world is a philosophical and philological concept. The study «Language world» and «Linguistic Map of the World» in the trinity «Language-thought-world» is one of the urgent problems of modern linguistics. Language world - a specific method for the language of reflection and representation of reality in language forms and structures in its relation with the person who is the central figure of the language. Keywords: anthroponyms, totemism, animism, semantics, names of people, image of the world, cult word.

Financial Literacy among Rural Women in Darbhanga District:An Empirical Evidence.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. F.B. SINGH ◽  
POOJA JHA
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Scenario

Financial Literacy is defined as the possession of knowledge and understanding of elementary financial concepts which results in developing the ability to make conversant, poised and effective financial decisions. In current scenario, the concern to increase the level of financial literacy among common masses has been witnessed by many countries of the world through various Financial Literacy center, programme and initiatives but all these programmes and policies are crafted and implemented taking into consideration the male as ultimate receiver and so women who constitute half of the rural population are lagging behind in terms of a making informed financial decisions and financial wellbeing. Hence Strategies should be formulated taking into consideration the women as the main spectators. This paper is an attempt to analyze the current status of the financial literacy among the rural women of the Darbhanga district.

Epistemic Free Riding

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Free Riding ◽  
Group Problem ◽  
Group Problem Solving ◽  
Division Of Cognitive Labor ◽  
Group Member

Free riding occurs in the practical domain when some action is rational for each group member to perform but such that when everyone performs that action, it is worse overall for everyone. Dunn argues that some surprising empirical evidence about group problem-solving reveals that groups will often face cases where it is epistemically best for each individual to believe one thing, even though this is ultimately epistemically worse for the group that each member believes in this way. Dunn’s work is thus an extension of work on the division of cognitive labor and ways that group inquiry might differ from individual inquiry.

Translation as Resistance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Rzepa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Political Sovereignty ◽  
Epic Poem ◽  
Complex Modes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich

This chapter offers a historical account of the presence of Paradise Lost in translation and Polish literature, especially how the poem’s reception in Poland has been shaped by complex modes of linguistic and cultural transfer. The chapter explores the historical and political contexts in which Paradise Lost was translated into Polish, discusses the most important actors involved in its publication, and analyses the strategies employed by the translators. It demonstrates that the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century translators of Milton, who worked at a time when Poland had lost its political sovereignty, focused specifically on the form of the poem, presenting models for a modern Polish epic poem that could help sustain Polish cultural identity. The focus of the twentieth-century translators, who lived through the world wars, shifted from the form to the rich imagery of Milton’s poem, in particular his exploration of the themes of vanity, destruction, and exile.

Area Studies and Desire: Towards a Genealogy

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
Hye-Joon Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Area Studies ◽  
Western Area ◽  
The World ◽  
38Th Parallel ◽  
The One

Area studies, as a newly fashionable field of academic research, needs to recognize its less likely precedents if it is going to secure for itself a fresh start. The question of “desire” is relevant here because it indicates the less value-free aspects in its genealogy. As shown in Emma Bovary's embellished representation of Paris at her provincial home, an understanding of an area often reflects the particular needs and desires of the one who understands that area. Such restricted and restricting views of an area repeats itself outside the world of literary fictions, as is shown by the example of Guizot's picture of Europe in which his own country is given a privileged place as the very center of Western civilization itself. An instructive case showing the thin line between the projected desire of one who strives to know a geographical area and the scientific purity of the labor itself is further offered by Napoleon Bonaparte's heavy reliance on Orientalist scholarship in his invasion of Egypt. Moving further east from Egypt to China, we witness the denigrating remarks on China made by the great German thinkers of the past century, Hegel and Weber. Although their characterization of Chinese culture could find echoes in unbiased empirical research, they reveal all the same the trace of Europeans' desire to affirm their superiority over the supposedly inferior and false civilization of the East. Similarly, the Americans who divided the Korean peninsular at the 38th Parallel, with unquestioning confidence in their knowledge of the area and in the justice of their action, rightfully deserve their place in the tradition of Western area studies of serving the needs to dominate, control and exploit an objectified overseas territory. He assumed that words had kept their meaning, that desires still pointed in a single direction, and that ideas retained their logic; and he ignored the fact that the world of speech and desires has known invasions, struggles, plundering, disguises, ploys. From these elements, however, genealogy retrieves an indispensable restraint: it must record the singularity of events outside of any monotonous finality; it must seek them in the most unpromising places, in what we tend to feel is without history—in sentiments, love, conscience, instincts; it must be sensitive to their recurrence, not in order to trace the gradual curve of their evolution, but to isolate the different scenes where they engaged in different roles. — Michel Foucault, “Nietzsche, Genealogy, History” (Foucault 139–40).

Bilateral Treaties and The Most-Favored-Nation Clause: The Myth of Trade Liberalization in the Nineteenth Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Accominotti ◽  
Marc Flandreau
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Most Favored Nation ◽  
The World ◽  
Most Favored Nation Clause ◽  
Bilateral Treaties

Textbook accounts of the Anglo-French trade agreement of 1860 argue that it heralded the beginning of a liberal trading order. This alleged success holds much interest from a modern policy point of view, for it rested on bilateral negotiations and most-favored-nation clauses. With the help of new data on international trade (the RICardo database), the authors provide empirical evidence and find that the treaty and subsequent network of MFN trade agreements coincided with the end of a period of unilateral liberalization across the world. They also find that it did not contribute to expanding trade at all. This is contrary to a deeply rooted belief among economists, economic historians, and political scientists. The authors draw a number of policy lessons that run counter to the conventional wisdom and raise skepticism toward the ability of bilateralism and MFN arrangements to promote trade liberalization.

Do Development and Democracy Positively Affect Gender Equality in Cabinets?

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN HÖGSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractIt has been argued that economic development and democracy create new opportunities and resources for women to access political power, which should increase gender equality in politics. However, empirical evidence from previous research that supports this argument is mixed. The contribution of this study is to expand the research on gender equality in politics through an in-depth examination of the effect of development and democracy on gender equality in cabinets. This has been completed through separate analyses that include most of the countries in the world across three levels of development (least-developed, developing, and developed) and across different types of political regimes (democracies, royal dictatorships, military dictatorships, and civilian dictatorships). The results demonstrate that economic development and democracy only affect gender equality in cabinets positively in a few environments. Accordingly, the context is important and there seem to be thresholds before development and democracy have any effect. Development has a positive effect in developed countries and in democracies, but it has a negative effect in dictatorships, and the negative effect is strongest in military dictatorships. The level of democracy has a positive effect mainly in dictatorships, and the strongest effect is in civilian dictatorships. The article demonstrates the importance of dividing samples into subsets to increase understanding of what affects women's representation in cabinets in different environments, and I ask scholars to subset samples and run separate analyses more often in comparative studies.

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