Language and Nation

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Görlach
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Second Language ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
West Africa ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
National Language ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Similar Development

The concept of linguistic nationalism is first recorded for England in the 16th century, when the dominance of English had to be re-established in fields like the law, science and administration. In the centuries that followed, statements underlining the link between national language and nation are few — even on the Celtic fringe. It was the American Revolution which gave birth to a new centre of anglophones proud of their independent standards; a similar development but with increasingly weaker results has affected Australia, New Zealand, Canada and South Africa. Second-language countries like India are trailing even further behind, not to mention the problems of creole communities like those in the Caribbean, West Africa or the Southwest Pacific. My paper looks at these communities for evidence of a correlation between linguistic and political independence, standardization and prestige associated with use of the vernacular, and discusses problems connected with the development of alternatives like the standardization of an indigenous language to serve as a badge of national prestige, and as an expression of democratic intentions.

Britain and decolonization in an Era of Global Change

2017 ◽  
pp. 64-84
Author(s):  
Sarah Elizabeth Stockwell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Informal Empire ◽  
Colonial Empire ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Liberal Imperialism

This chapter considers processes of decolonization in Britain’s ‘empires’, incorporating discussion not just of the key dynamics and manifestations of decolonization in the colonial empire in India, Africa, the Caribbean and elsewhere, but also in Britain’s residual ‘informal’ empire in the Middle East, and in the ‘old’ Commonwealth countries of Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. The chapter argues that decolonization across these different contexts was driven by geo-political forces operating across the European empires, as the international order was reconfigured by two world wars, tilting power away from Britain and other European imperial powers. Stockwell nevertheless identifies elements of British imperial exceptionalism. She suggests that these were not to be found, as contemporaries liked to claim, in the form of a British liberal imperialism. Rather, Britain, which was at the centre of an empire larger than any other, retained a semblance of great power status, shaping British relations with the United States and Britain’s ambitions to exercise influence after empire.

Partridge in print and online

English Today ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-62
Author(s):  
J. P. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Media ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Data Capture ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Linguistic Innovation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Lexical Data ◽  
Print Edition ◽  
First Time

Eric Partridge's A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, first published in 1937, ran to 8 editions culminating in 1984 and is widely acknowledged as the definitive record of twentieth-century British slang. The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English (NPD) maintains the tradition impressively, enhanced by a more conventional approach to citing sources, a broader focus to include examples of colloquial and vernacular vocabulary worldwide and prominence given to usage since 1945. A thousand new entries from the UK, USA, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, India, South Africa, Ireland and the Caribbean, and increased representation of the language of social media, document linguistic innovation and/or reflect more sophisticated lexical data capture since the previous print edition of 2006. The 19 pages of introductory text outline criteria for inclusion, describe the structure of entries and provide a fascinating set of observations on slang drawn from Partridge's many published works. With over 60,000 entries the second edition of NPD is complemented for the first time by Partridge Slang Online (PSO), a resource which offers new ways to access and interrogate the data.

Macro-Level policy and Micro-Level planning

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 3.1-3.18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Barkhuizen ◽  
Ute Knoch
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
South African ◽  
National Language ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Linguistic Context ◽  
Language Practices ◽  
Micro Level

This article reports on a study which investigated the language lives of Afrikaans-speaking South African immigrants in New Zealand. Particularly, it focuses on their awareness of and attitudes to language policy in both South Africa and New Zealand, and how these influence their own and their family’s language practices. Narrative interviews with 28 participants living in towns and cities across New Zealand reveal that while living in South Africa they were generally aware of macro-level language policies in the country, and were able to articulate how these policies influenced language practices at work and within their families. The absence of an explicit national language policy in New Zealand means that these immigrants, on arrival in New Zealand, base their understanding of the linguistic context in the country on the language practices that they observe in their day-to-day lives. It is these observations which guide their decision-making with regard to their own and their family’s language practices.

The Administration of Mandates by the British Dominions

1934 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucretia L. Ilsley
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
West Africa ◽  
British Empire ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
South West ◽  
Large Island ◽  
Western Samoa ◽  
South West Africa

The former German colonies occupied by the Dominions in 1914 were entrusted to them, as mandatories under the League of Nations, at the Peace Conference of 1919. Of these territories, administered as C mandates since December, 1920, three are located in the South Seas. Western Samoa, now a mandate1 of New Zealand, is the larger part of a small group of islands; New Guinea, a mandate of Australia, consists of the northwestern portion of the large island of New Guinea and numerous smaller islands; while Nauru, a British Empire mandate administered by Australia, is a tiny phosphate island. The fourth Dominion mandate, South-West Africa, is a large and somewhat arid territory adjoining the Union of South Africa, which acts as mandatory.

Some Problems of the Rhode Island Traders in Java, 1799–1836

1965 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharom Ahmat
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
Far East ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Triangular Trade

Before the American Revolution, the economic life of Rhode Island was largely dependent on the Caribbean and African trade. But the acquisition of political independence meant also the closing of these highly profitable channels of trade. Just as the need to find means by which to purchase British manufactures had led Rhode Island to join in the famous triangular trade (between New England, the West Indies and Africa); so now the closing of this trade necessitated the search for an alternative commercial avenue. This alternative was found in the establishment of trade with the Mediterranean, the Baltic and most important of all, with the Far East and the East Indies.

New Literatures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanika Batra ◽  
Christine Lorre-Johnston ◽  
Kerry Manzo ◽  
Dougal Mcneill ◽  
Benjamin Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
The Caribbean

Abstract This chapter has seven sections: 1. Africa; 2. Australia; 3. Canada; 4. The Caribbean; 5. South Asia: The Indian Subcontinent and Sri Lanka; 6. New Zealand and Pacific; 7. Southeast Asia. Section 1 is by Kanika Batra, Kerry Manzo, and Joya Uraizee; coverage of West Africa will resume in 2022; section 2 is by Benjamin Miller and Paul Sharrad; section 3 is by Christine Lorre-Johnston and Libe García Zarranz; section 4 is by Michael Niblett; section 5 will resume in 2022; section 6 is by Dougal McNeill; section 7 is by Cheryl Narumi Naruse.

Macro-Level policy and Micro-Level planning

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 3.1-3.18
Author(s):  
Gary Barkhuizen ◽  
Ute Knoch
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
South African ◽  
National Language ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Linguistic Context ◽  
Language Practices ◽  
Micro Level

This article reports on a study which investigated the language lives of Afrikaans-speaking South African immigrants in New Zealand. Particularly, it focuses on their awareness of and attitudes to language policy in both South Africa and New Zealand, and how these influence their own and their family’s language practices. Narrative interviews with 28 participants living in towns and cities across New Zealand reveal that while living in South Africa they were generally aware of macro-level language policies in the country, and were able to articulate how these policies influenced language practices at work and within their families. The absence of an explicit national language policy in New Zealand means that these immigrants, on arrival in New Zealand, base their understanding of the linguistic context in the country on the language practices that they observe in their day-to-day lives. It is these observations which guide their decision-making with regard to their own and their family’s language practices.

Cochliobolus bicolor. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
East And West

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus bicolor. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Andropogon, Apluda, Brachiaria, Cymbopogon, Eleusine, Eragrostis, Melanocenchris, Oryza, Panicum, Paspalum, Pennisetum, Setaria, Sorghum, Triticum, Urochloa, Zea, Zizania. Also isolated from a wide variety of other host plants and soil. DISEASE: Foot rot of wheat, zonate leaf spot of Pennisetum and seedborne (34: 324, 55: 1788, 60: 4427, 62: 4281). The disease is associated with the anamorph. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Brazil, Canada, East and West Africa, Ethiopia, India, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, South Africa, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, USA, Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: By infected seeds and air-borne conidia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document