At the heart of cognition, communication, and language

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Tay
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Practice ◽  
Metaphor Use ◽  
Therapy Sessions

Cognitive, communicative, and linguistic forces have been theorized to inhere in all metaphor use in real world contexts, with Steen (2011) describing these forces as constitutive and interacting ‘dimensions’ of metaphor. This paper proposes that cognition, communication, and language should be seen not just as crucial dimensions of individual metaphoric utterances, but also of their circumstances and contexts of use. In other words, purposive real world discourse activities impose various demands of a cognitive, communicative, and linguistic nature on speakers, and these shape the characteristics of metaphors used in definitive ways. I characterize the discourse activity of psychotherapy along the three dimensions, and show how the strategic use and management of metaphors in psychotherapy is, and ought to be, determined by interacting cognitive, communicative, and linguistic considerations. From this, I suggest that the effectiveness of therapeutic metaphors can be evaluated in terms of their “discourse career” (Steen, 2011, p. 54) over a series of therapy sessions. I conclude by highlighting the value of psychotherapy to metaphor study, and of metaphor study to psychotherapeutic practice.

scholarly journals Impact of Position and Orientation of RFID Tags on Real Time Asset Tracking in a Supply Chain

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sidney D’Mello ◽  
Eric Mathews ◽  
Lee McCauley ◽  
James Markham
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Real World ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Vertical Orientation ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Asset Tracking ◽  
Transverse Electromagnetic ◽  
World Environment

We studied the characteristics of four commercially available RFID tags such as their orientation on an asset and their position in a three dimensional real world environment to obtain comprehensive data to substantiate a baseline for the use of RFID technology in a diverse supply chain management setting. Using RFID tags manufactured by four different vendors and a GHz Transverse Electromagnetic (GTEM) cell, in which an approximately constant electromagnetic (EM) field was maintained, we characterized the tags based on horizontal and vertical orientation on a simulated asset. With these baseline characteristics determined, we moved two of the four tags through a real world environment in three dimensions using an industrial robotic system to determine the effect of asset position in relation to the reader on tag readability. Combining the data collected over these two studies, we provide a rich analysis of the feasibility of asset tracking in a real world supply chain, where there would likely be multiple tag types. We offer fine grained analyses of the tag types and make recommendations for diverse supply chain asset tracking.

Use and Misuse of Linear Perspective in the Perceptual Reconstruction of 3-D Perspective View Displays

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (17) ◽  
pp. 1560-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey S. Smallman ◽  
Mark St. John ◽  
Michael B. Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Computational Model ◽  
Real World ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Linear Perspective ◽  
Perspective View ◽  
Physical Length ◽  
Cardinal Directions ◽  
Dimensions Of Space

Despite the increasing prevalence of three-dimensional (3-D) perspective views of scenes, there remain a number of concerns about their utility, particularly for precise relative position tasks. Here, we empirically measure and then mathematically model the perceptual biases found in participants' perceptual reconstruction of perspective views. Participants reconstructed the length of 10 test posts scattered across a 3-D scene to match the physical length of a reference post. The test posts were all oriented in the X, Y or Z cardinal directions of 3-D space. Four viewing angles from 90 degrees (“2-D”) down to 22.5 degrees (“3-D”) were used. Matches systematically underestimated the compression of distances into the scene (Y) and systematically overestimated the compression of height (Z). A simple computational model is developed to account for the results that posits that linear perspective (that only operates in X) is inappropriately used to scale matching lengths in all three dimensions of space. The model suggests a novel account of the systematic underestimation of egocentric distances in the real world.

A Qualitative Study of Teachers' Understanding of Sustainability

2015 ◽  
pp. 206-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiaowei Cristina Chang ◽  
Resa Marie Kelly ◽  
Ellen P. Metzger
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Real World ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Constant Comparative

This qualitative study was focused on exploring how in-service teachers' who were attending a three-day “Educating for Sustainability” workshop made sense of sustainability. Another goal of this study was to examine teachers' perceptions of the portrayal of the three dimensions of sustainability (environment, economy and social equity) in short movies that served as “real world” exemplars of sustainability that were freely available online through YouTube or other websites. Data was collected largely through individual semi-structured interviews, but also through questionnaires and written and drawn documentation. The findings, obtained through the constant-comparative method of coding, indicated that teachers' spontaneous descriptions of sustainability emphasized the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainability, but overlooked the equity dimension of sustainability. The videos helped teachers incorporate the 3E's into their sustainability discussions when all three dimensions were addressed, but when the social equity dimension was missing, then it tended to go unnoticed.

scholarly journals Rethinking the Scale, Structure & Scope of U.S. Energy Institutions

Daedalus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Dworkin ◽  
Roman V. Sidortsov ◽  
Benjamin K. Sovacool
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Real World ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Institutional Reform ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
First Century ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Conscious Attention

This essay notes some of the key institutions created in the twentieth century for the purpose of delivering energy in North America. Those institutions are being challenged by a combination of stresses in three interconnected areas: reliability, economics, and environmental sustainability. The essay argues that these three stresses create an “energy trilemma” requiring institutional reform. We suggest that new and modified institutions can best be understood if we evaluate them along three dimensions: institutional scale, structure, and scope. We consider real-world examples of recent institutions in light of each of these dimensions and note both successes and concerns that those factors illuminate. We conclude by noting that some institutional changes will be organic and unplanned; but many others, including responses to climate change, will benefit from conscious attention to scale, structure, and scope by those engaged in designing and building the energy institutions needed in the twenty-first century.

scholarly journals Toward Autonomous, Compliant, Omnidirectional Humanoid Robots for Natural Interaction in Real-Life Settings

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
François Michaud ◽  
François Ferland ◽  
Dominic Létourneau ◽  
Marc-Antoine Legault ◽  
Michel Lauria
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Natural Interaction ◽  
The Real ◽  
Autonomous Machines

AbstractThe field of robotics has made steady progress in the pursuit of bringing autonomous machines into real-life settings. Over the last 3 years, we have seen omnidirectional humanoid platforms that now bring compliance, robustness and adaptiveness to handle the unconstrained situations of the real world. However, today’s contributions mostly address only a portion of the physical, cognitive or evaluative dimensions, which are all interdependent. This paper presents an overview of our attempt to integrate as a whole all three dimensions into a robot named Johnny-0. We present Johnny-0’s distinct contributions in simultaneously exploiting compliance at the locomotion level, in grounding reasoning and actions through behaviors, and in considering all possible factors experimenting in the wildness of the real world.

Keeping Meditation Religious and Psychotherapy Secular

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-178
Author(s):  
Ira Helderman
Keyword(s):  
Erich Fromm ◽  
The Public ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Practice ◽  
Buddhist Practice ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
Therapy Sessions ◽  
Person Of The Therapist ◽  
Explicit Discussion

This chapter examines psychotherapists personalizing religion approaches to Buddhist teachings and practices. Here clinicians can be dramatically influenced by Buddhist teachings, but, intent on maintaining a clear differentiation between Buddhist and psychotherapeutic practice, are loath to “mix” the two. Deep believing Buddhist clinicians betray no sign of Buddhist influence in actual therapy sessions eschewing embodied practices or explicit discussion of Buddhist concepts. They instead hold their Buddhist identities silently internal within “the person of the therapist,” thus “personalized.” The work of one of the most famous therapists to investigate Buddhist traditions, Erich Fromm, is detailed. Fromm’s innovative reconstructions of the terms “religion” and “secular” remain highly influential today. The chapter then describes contemporary therapists who keep their therapy offices clear of visible signs of Buddhist practice during their work day while, in the evenings, publicly speak on “Zen psychoanalysis” or even lead Buddhist communities. These therapists view their work to be fundamentally Buddhist in nature and their patients will sometimes seek them out precisely for their Buddhist association. Personalizing religion approaches thus blur boundaries between the religious and not-religious based on distinctions between the private and the public, the personal and the professional.

Designing Representative Model Worlds to Study Socio-Technical Phenomena: A Case Study of Communication Patterns in Engineering Systems Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish M. Chaudhari ◽  
Erica L. Gralla ◽  
Zoe Szajnfarber ◽  
Paul T. Grogan ◽  
Jitesh H. Panchal
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Real World ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Model World

Abstract The engineering of complex systems, such as aircraft and spacecraft, involves large number of individuals within multiple organizations spanning multiple years. Since it is challenging to perform empirical studies directly on real organizations at scale, some researchers in systems engineering and design have begun relying on abstracted model worlds that aim to be representative of the reference socio-technical system, but only preserve some aspects of it. However, there is a lack of corresponding knowledge on how to design representative model worlds for socio-technical research. Our objective is to create such knowledge through a reflective case study of the development of a model world. This “inner” study examines how two factors influence interdisciplinary communication during a concurrent design process. The reference real world system is a mission design laboratory (MDL) at NASA, and the model world is a simplified engine design problem in an undergraduate classroom environment. Our analysis focuses on the thought process followed, the key model world design decisions made, and a critical assessment of the extent to which communication phenomena in the model world (engine experiment) are representative of the real world (NASA’s MDL). We find that the engine experiment preserves some but not all of the communication patterns of interest, and we present case-specific lessons learned for achieving and increasing representativeness in this type of study. More generally, we find that representativeness depends not on matching subjects, tasks, and context separately, but rather on the behavior that emerges from the interplay of these three dimensions.

scholarly journals Visualizing Cross-Sectional Data in a Real-World Context

Eos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Van Noten
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Real World ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Drawing Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional

Combining the capabilities of an open-source drawing tool with Google Earth™ maps allows researchers to visualize real-world cross-sectional data in three dimensions.

scholarly journals Second life as technological narrative: Dandellion/@ Kimban: A story of a virtual world

Sociologija ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-166
Author(s):  
Sanja Petkovska
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Short Presentation

The spaces of virtual world contain mythological contents from different social and cultural-historical periods, creating a new way of existing and acting of contemporary individual and society, as well as a way to interpret them. The world created in three dimensions called Second Life is crawled both by mythological symbols and postmodern fluidity, generating a special social and psychological sphere. In this survey we will give a short presentation of the Second Life phenomenology, starting with its structure, and then explaining its relation to the real world and to the mode in which traditional cultural elements are presented there. The case study of dandellion/@ Kimban will be used as an illustration of this digital imitation of life given in three-dimensional online role plays and of object modulation.

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