Generational styles in oral storytelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Annette Gerstenberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Autobiographical Narratives ◽  
Natural Manner ◽  
Oral Storytelling ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Tertium Comparationis ◽  
Experimental Narrative

Abstract When it comes to autobiographical narratives, the most spontaneous and natural manner is preferable. But neither individually told narratives nor those grounded in the communicative repertoire of a social group are easily comparable. A clearly identifiable tertium comparationis is mandatory. We present the results of an experimental ‘Narrative Priming’ setting with French students. A potentially underlying model of narrating from personal experience was activated via a narrative prime, and in a second step, the participants were asked to tell a narrative of their own. The analysis focuses on similarities and differences between the primes and the students’ narratives. The results give evidence for the possibility to elicit a set of comparable narratives via a prime, and to activate an underlying narrative template. Meaningful differences are discussed as generational and age related styles. The transcriptions from the participants that authorized the publication are available online.

Dog Models of Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Ruple ◽  
Evan MacLean ◽  
Noah Snyder-Mackler ◽  
Kate E. Creevy ◽  
Daniel Promislow
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Companion Dogs ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Laboratory Models ◽  
Unique Potential

As the most phenotypically diverse mammalian species that shares human environments and access to sophisticated healthcare, domestic dogs have unique potential to inform our understanding of the determinants of aging. Here we outline key concepts in the study of aging and illustrate the value of research with dogs, which can improve dog health and support translational discoveries. We consider similarities and differences in aging and age-related diseases in dogs and humans and summarize key advances in our understanding of genetic and environmental risk factors for morbidity and mortality in dogs. We address health outcomes ranging from cancer to cognitive function and highlight emerging research opportunities from large-scale cohort studies in companion dogs. We conclude that studying aging in dogs could overcome many limitations of laboratory models, most notably, the ability to assess how aging-associated pathways influence aging in real-world environments similar to those experienced by humans. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, Volume 10 is February 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Theories Reflecting My Personal Experience and Life Development

1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton P. Alderfer
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Human Motivation ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Social science theories are expressive acts by their authors, and thus reflect their authors' life experiences and developmental tasks. Maslow's theory of human motivation and Alderfer's conception of existence, relatedness, and growth (ERG) needs are frameworks accounting for the same phenomena. An alternative to Maslow's formulation, ERG theory was presented during a later historical period than its predecessor, and at an earlier stage of its author's life. In this autobiographical account, the author describes his childhood and adolescent origins and the events that led him to formulate ERG theory, examines the life stages at which he and Maslow developed their theories, and discusses how aspects of the authors' lives might account for similarities and differences in their conceptual products.

Development and use of English evaluative expressions in narratives of Chinese–English bilinguals

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIANG CHEN ◽  
RUIXIA YAN
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Picture Book ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The One

This study compares the development and use of evaluative expressions in the English narratives elicited from 80 Chinese–English bilinguals and 80 American monolingual peers at four ages – five, eight, ten, and young adults – using the wordless picture book Frog, where are you? (Mayer, 1969). Results revealed both similarities and differences between monolingual and bilingual groups. On the one hand, regardless of bilingual status, there is a clear age-related growth in the development and use of evaluative expressions. On the other hand, bilingual children in our study differed from monolingual children in the quantity and quality of evaluative clauses used. The results are discussed with respect to linguistic and cultural differences between English and Chinese.

Senescence-related changes in gene expression in muscle: similarities and differences between mice and men

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN WELLE ◽  
ANDREW BROOKS ◽  
CHARLES A. THORNTON
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Muscle ◽  
Oligonucleotide Microarrays ◽  
Microarray Study ◽  
Stress Response Genes ◽  
Homologous Genes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Effect Of Age

A microarray study of the effect of senescence in mice on gene expression in muscle has been published recently. The present analysis was done to evaluate the extent to which the age-related differences in gene expression in murine muscle are also evident in human muscle. RNA extracted from muscle of young (21–24 yr) and old men (66–77 yr) was studied both by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and by oligonucleotide microarrays. SAGE tags were detected for 61 genes homologous to genes reported to be differentially expressed in young and old murine muscle. The microarray had probe sets for 70 homologous genes. For 17 genes, there was evidence for a similar age-related change in expression in muscles of mice and men. For 32 other genes, there was evidence that the effect of age on the level of expression is not the same in mice and men. There was no evidence that older human muscle has increased expression of the stress response genes that are increased in old murine muscle.

Age-related similarities and differences in first impressions of trustworthiness

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe E. Bailey ◽  
Paulina Szczap ◽  
Skye N. McLennan ◽  
Gillian Slessor ◽  
Ted Ruffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Impressions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Similarities And Differences

General Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilman Rodenhäuser
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
The Past ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
State Actors

The book’s general conclusion summarizes the different thresholds of organization, power, or capacity required from armed groups as identified in the book’s three parts. It presents them in two concise and innovative tables. In a second step, the conclusion compares the different thresholds in order to identify similarities and differences. Comparing how the different fields of law have addressed armed groups over the past years and decades, and which challenges different fields have faced, the general conclusion also makes suggestions on how international law should further develop in order to better address the very different natures and capacities of armed groups. Moreover, it discusses how the conclusions drawn in this book might be relevant in the analysis of possible legal obligations of other non-state actors.

scholarly journals Sustainability of Tourism Development in the Mediterranean—Interregional Similarities and Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7641
Author(s):  
Smiljana Pivčević ◽  
Lidija Petrić ◽  
Ante Mandić
Keyword(s):  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Mediterranean

This study adjusts the Driving forces–Pressures–State–Impact–Response framework (DPSIR) to analyze the interregional similarities and differences with regard to sustainable tourism development in selected Mediterranean (MED) regions. The study involved three steps. The first step was a critical reflection on sustainable tourism indicators and DPSIR as a grouping approach. The analysis yielded 29 sustainability indicators distributed within four components of the DPSR framework. The data were collected for 54 NUTS 2 level MED regions. In the second step, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by a cluster analysis (CA) were performed to group homogenous regions and generate the Med Regions Cluster Matrix (MRCM). The investigation revealed that although countries in the Mediterranean share many characteristics in terms of tourism development and impacts, universal policies in mitigating the pressures are not appropriate. The main contributions of the study are (1) the application of the DPSIR model in the sustainable tourism context (2) and the analysis of the similarities and differences regarding the sustainability of tourism development in the selected MED regions. The conclusions of the analysis may stimulate the debate on mutual responses and sustainable tourism policy responses in the MED region.

scholarly journals Semantic contrastive linguistics theory and dialectological studies

2015 ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
Danuta Roszko
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
Natural Languages ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
Original Language ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Contrastive Linguistics ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Tertium Comparationis

Semantic contrastive linguistics theory and dialectological studiesTheoretical contrastive studies (hereinafter referred to as TCS) emerged with a view to compare and contrast natural languages on the basis of a logical interlanguage. The idea of making the TCS guidelines available to science resulted in discontinuing the division into the original language and the target language when comparing and contrasting two (or more languages), and at the same time, terminating the dependence of the resulting material (i.e. form indexes in the target language) on the formal structures in the original language. The TCS essence is included in the interlanguage, which is used as tertium comparationis in the studies. To get more on this topic see Koseska, Korytkowska, R. Roszko (2007). Till now, TCS have not been applied in dialectal studies. There are a lot of reasons for this conjuncture. First of all, dialectal studies usually concentrate on one code (i.e. only a single local dialect is being specified), whilst in TCS, a comparison and contrast between (at least two) languages is provided. Moreover, research on the dialectal differentiation of a specific language (i.e. at least two dialects (/ local dialects) are being specified together) is based on demonstrating the features shared and differentiated on the level of (a) lexis, (b) morphology (most often narrowed to demonstrate differential morphological features) and (c) syntactic (relatively most rarely). Thus, dialectal studies are essentially a description of the formal conjuncture, whereas semantic aspects are out of the area of researchers interest. With this article, I am going to break the current patterns and prove that dialectal studies can be conducted in accordance with the TCS guidelines. The advantage of such dialectal studies is not only a different/new look at a specific local dialect, but also a possibility of an instant comparison and contrast between the local dialect and the standardized language or other local dialects (of one language or another) on the semantic level providing the highest standard of the relevances demonstrated (i.e. similarities and differences).

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