Evidence in the Spanish language press of linguistic borrowings of computer and Internet-related terms

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Morin
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Real Academia

With the rise of the Internet, English has become a source of borrowing of computer terms in many languages, including Spanish. Many of these borrowings are rapidly making their way into the Spanish language press. A survey of newspapers from eight Latin American countries yielded a total of 231 lexical borrowings of different types, all related to broad fields, such as software, hardware, data, and Internet-related terms. These borrowings can be classified as loanwords, calques of various kinds, including loan translations and semantic extensions, and loanblends. Many have already appeared in monolingual Spanish dictionaries, such as the Diccionario de la Real Academia, and in a number of dictionaries of Hispanic Anglicisms.

scholarly journals Importancia (numérica) de las variantes diatópicas españolas y su tratamiento en los diccionarios

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Mogorrón Huerta
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Research Team ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Santiago De Compostela ◽  
The University ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Real Academia

AbstractThis paper describes the work done by the research team FRASYTRAM (Fraseología Y Traducción Multilingüe) at the University of Alicante, which is creating a database specialised in fixed verbal constructions (FVC) aiming at being as exhaustive as possible. This database is 29000 records rich. 9000 of them are related to FVC from different Latin American countries and 20900 have been collected from Spanish dictionaries.The Spanish dictionaries used for creating the database only contain 1000 diatopic FVC coming from Latin America, even if two of them (Diccionario de la Real Academia Española de la Lengua and Diccionario de Uso del Español de María Moliner) are considered reference works in Spain and Latin America.We have studied Latin American dictionaries and have identified 8100 Latin American FVC that are not registered in Spanish dictionaries. This number should increase as we have not yet finished the stage of extraction. These FVC are analysed in order to study how they are treated in Spanish and Latin American dictionaries.In this paper we analyse parasynonyms related to „llover mucho, con fuerza, intensamente“ identified in the Spanish and Latin American dictionaries and on the Internet. It is a frequent atmospheric phenomenon in Spain and Latin American countries. In this sense different expressions should be used to describe this concept. In fact, there exist different expressions used in Spain, but are they used in Latin American countries or are they registered in Latin American dictionaries? This paper also aims at identifying expressions which are used in Latin American countries.We have classified the FVC in four groups:-- Spanish FVC registered in Spanish dictionaries:-- [caer, llover] capuchinos de bronce (DDFEJC); [caer, llover] chuzos (de punta) (DUE); [descargar, desgajarse] [el cielo, las nubes] (DUE); llover a mares (DUE); llover a cántaros (DUE); llover a jarros (DUE); llover a mares (DUE); llover más que [cuando, el día que] enterraron [a Zafra, al Zafra] (EPM).-- Spanish FVC identified on the Internet: -- en Navarra y Guipuzcoa, está jareando; en Santiago de Compostela, llover a barriles; en Canarias llover más que cuando se casó Abraham (DEREC); llover más que el año que el barranco se llevó a la puerca (DEREC), etc.-- Latin American FVC registered in Latin American dictionaries:-- [caer, llover] burros aparejados (DDAmer, República Dominicana); caer sapos de punta (DFHA, Argentina); caer sapos panza arriba (DFHA; Argentina); caer soretes de punta (DFHA; Argentina); llover a baldazos (GDHA; Norte de Argentina); llover a baldes (GDHA; Norte de Argentina); estar cayendo [bigornias, pingüinos] de punta (GDHA; Argentina).-- Latin American FVC identified on the internet: -- Abrirse el cielo (Puerto Rico); caer raíles de punta (internet, Cuba); estar cayendo el cielo (internet, Venezuela); estar cayendo un palo/coñazo de agua (internet, Venezuela); estar lloviendo pescados y hasta ballenas (Internet, Guatemala); llover de abajo para arriba (Argentina, Costa Rica); llover sapos y culebras (internet, El Salvador).

Interest on the internet for systemic lupus erythematosus: Analysis of Google Trends in Latin American countries

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 096120332110103
Author(s):  
Paul J Tejada-Llacsa ◽  
Pamela Villacorta-Landeo ◽  
Eder Aguilar-Buitrón ◽  
Graciela S Alarcón ◽  
Manuel F Ugarte-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Latin American Countries

Background/Objective Information available on the internet about Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) can influence the doctor-patient relationship. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the terms used for SLE on the internet. Methods We analyzed the data downloaded from Google Trends, considering the term “Lupus” in a six-year web-based research. The frequency of the terms for each Pan-American country was obtained automatically from Google Trends, which reports relative search volumes or RSV (on a scale from 0 to 100) across regions. Results We obtained a total of 67 registered terms in 18 countries. The terms were distributed into five categories. The categories with interest in all countries were “definition” and “symptoms”. Conclusions Google Trends allows us to find useful information about SLE on the internet; once the accuracy of this information is validated, it can be used by patients, health institutions, rheumatologists and other health professionals.

New challenges beyond nutrition: c-section, air pollution and domestic violence

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ferraro ◽  
M. T. B. Fernandes ◽  
S. E. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Violence During Pregnancy ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition ◽  
Latin American Countries

The DOHaD research field has successfully associated adult non-communicable diseases with inadequate nutrition in early periods of life. More recently, different types of exposure have been linked with impaired developmental outcomes and later health consequences, such as cesarean section at delivery, air pollution and domestic violence during pregnancy. The aim of this work is to bring up this issue looking at the published evidence on these three highly prevalent hazards in Latin American countries.

scholarly journals Culinary lexicon in the dialects of Spanish language

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Angelina Yur'evna Pshenichnikova
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Separate Group ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
National Cuisine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Latin American Countries

This article discusses the peculiarities of linguistic consciousness of the representatives of ethnoses of Latin American countries through the modern dialects of Spanish language. Analysis is conducted on the lexicon of the national cuisine of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. The article includes the analysis of linguistic zones of the Spanish language. The goal lies in examination of the lexicon of national cuisine of Latin American countries and, and creation of culinary dictionary of Spanish-speaking countries. The author aims to determine the national-specific gastronomic realities of Latin American countries through the prism of ethno-cultural space, and establish correlation between the uniqueness of gastronomic realities with the mentality and fragments of the linguistic worldview of Latin American countries. The conclusion is formulated on the impact of loanwords upon the national culinary lexicon of Latin American countries. The author draws a chart with the lexemes of national cuisines of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. In accordance with the linguistic zones of Spanish language, the national culinary lexicon is divided into three groups of indigenisms; considering the influence of other languages on the formation of the vocabulary of the regional Spanish language, the national culinary lexicon is divided into the following loanwords (Africanisms, Arabisms, Gallicisms, Anglicisms, and Italianisms). Lexical units, which are widespread in the territory of two, three, or four national dialects of the Spanish language are referred to as regionalisms. Lexical units that are characteristic to one national dialect of the Spanish language are referred to as variantisms. The proper names are allocated into a separate group. The scientific novelty consists in examination of the poorly studied national culinary lexicon of such Latin American countries as Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay.

Latin America seeks improved cybersecurity governance

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Military ◽  
Policy Communities ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Subject Cybersecurity outlook. Significance Latin American countries including Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Mexico and Uruguay have set up novel policy communities involving various public and private institutions charged with securing cyberspace. Impacts Regional countries are largely unprepared to enforce a militarised deterrence response. Cyber tensions could flare due to old rivalries and the fact that the military is heavily steering cybersecurity. Cybersecurity shortcomings threaten development of the Internet of Things in the region.

A Sequential Theory of Decentralization: Latin American Cases in Comparative Perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
TULIA G. FALLETI
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Policy Feedback ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
Sequential Theory ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Subnational Governments

Both advocates and critics of decentralization assume that decentralization invariably increases the power of subnational governments. However, a closer examination of the consequences of decentralization across countries reveals that the magnitude of such change can range from substantial to insignificant. In this article, I propose asequential theory of decentralizationthat has three main characteristics: (1) it defines decentralization as aprocess, (2) it takes into account theterritorial interestsof bargaining actors, and (3) it incorporatespolicy feedback effects. I argue that the sequencing of different types of decentralization (fiscal, administrative, and political) is a key determinant of the evolution of intergovernmental balance of power. I measure this evolution in the four largest Latin American countries and apply the theory to the two extreme cases (Colombia and Argentina). I show that, contrary to commonly held opinion, decentralization does not necessarily increase the power of governors and mayors.

The Latin American Contribution to the Development of the Law of the Sea

1974 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. García-Amador
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Conservation Of Natural Resources ◽  
The Law ◽  
Exploration Exploitation ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
American Contribution

National claims, whether made unilaterally or at the regional or subregional level, play a fundamental role in the development of the law regarding the exploration, exploitation, and conservation of natural resources of the sea. The contribution to this body of law made by the Latin American countries has no parallel in any other group of countries or region. This contribution has been not only fruitful but extremely varied. Nevertheless, when the different types or categories of claims are analyzed, importantsimilarities can be noted among the more recentclaims

Domestic Violence Reporting during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago M. Perez-Vincent ◽  
Enrique Carreras
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Relative Cost ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Valuable Service ◽  
Perceived Costs

This article examines changes in the frequency and characteristics of domestic violence reports after the start of the pandemic and the imposition of mobility restrictions in six Latin American countries. The study uses three types of data sources: calls to domestic violence hotlines (for the City of Buenos Aires in Argentina, Colombia, and Peru); calls to emergency lines (for Ecuador, Lima in Peru, and Costa Rica); and police/legal complaints (for Colombia, Ecuador, and Uruguay). Data through June 2020 shows that the pandemic's impact on domestic violence reports varied significantly across countries, periods, types of violence, and reporting channels. Calls to domestic violence hotlines soared, but calls to emergency lines and police complaints fell (especially in the first weeks of the pandemic). Significantly distinct patterns are observed between reports of psychological and physical violence, and non-cohabitant and cohabitant violence. These patterns are consistent with the pandemic changing the relative incidence of different types of violence and altering the perceived costs of reporting them through alternative channels. Increases in calls to domestic violence hotlines suggest that this channel was best suited to respond to victims' needs during the pandemic. In turn, the drop in legal complaints and calls to comprehensive emergency lines are consistent with an increase in the perceived (relative) cost of using these channels. The findings reveal how the pandemic altered domestic violence victims' demand for institutional help and highlight the relevance of domestic violence hotlines as an accessible and valuable service.

Más allá del mar

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Pérez Rosario
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Transnational Connections ◽  
Latin American Countries

This chapter looks at the significance of New York's Spanish-language press—specifically the weekly newspaper, Pueblos Hispanos: Semanario Progresista (Hispanic Peoples: Progressive Weekly, 1943–44)—exploring how Puerto Ricans employed journalism as a form of cultural and political transnational practice. Pueblos Hispanos promoted pan-Hispanism, the integration of Latin American countries, and socialist causes throughout the world, with a focus on Latin American countries such as Peru, Ecuador, Brazil, and Mexico. The paper offered detailed coverage of the politics of Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican colonia while encouraging solidarity in the struggle for freedom and justice in countries across Latin America. In sharing news from Latin America and specifically Puerto Rico, the paper kept Spanish-speaking residents of New York City informed, establishing transnational connections as they tried to influence local politics.

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