Domestic Violence Reporting during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago M. Perez-Vincent ◽  
Enrique Carreras
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Relative Cost ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Valuable Service ◽  
Perceived Costs

This article examines changes in the frequency and characteristics of domestic violence reports after the start of the pandemic and the imposition of mobility restrictions in six Latin American countries. The study uses three types of data sources: calls to domestic violence hotlines (for the City of Buenos Aires in Argentina, Colombia, and Peru); calls to emergency lines (for Ecuador, Lima in Peru, and Costa Rica); and police/legal complaints (for Colombia, Ecuador, and Uruguay). Data through June 2020 shows that the pandemic's impact on domestic violence reports varied significantly across countries, periods, types of violence, and reporting channels. Calls to domestic violence hotlines soared, but calls to emergency lines and police complaints fell (especially in the first weeks of the pandemic). Significantly distinct patterns are observed between reports of psychological and physical violence, and non-cohabitant and cohabitant violence. These patterns are consistent with the pandemic changing the relative incidence of different types of violence and altering the perceived costs of reporting them through alternative channels. Increases in calls to domestic violence hotlines suggest that this channel was best suited to respond to victims' needs during the pandemic. In turn, the drop in legal complaints and calls to comprehensive emergency lines are consistent with an increase in the perceived (relative) cost of using these channels. The findings reveal how the pandemic altered domestic violence victims' demand for institutional help and highlight the relevance of domestic violence hotlines as an accessible and valuable service.

New challenges beyond nutrition: c-section, air pollution and domestic violence

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ferraro ◽  
M. T. B. Fernandes ◽  
S. E. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Violence During Pregnancy ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition ◽  
Latin American Countries

The DOHaD research field has successfully associated adult non-communicable diseases with inadequate nutrition in early periods of life. More recently, different types of exposure have been linked with impaired developmental outcomes and later health consequences, such as cesarean section at delivery, air pollution and domestic violence during pregnancy. The aim of this work is to bring up this issue looking at the published evidence on these three highly prevalent hazards in Latin American countries.

scholarly journals Applicability of Warren Buffett's investment criteria in equity securities trading on the Quito Stock Exchange, Ecuador / Aplicabilidade dos critérios de investimento de Warren Buffett em ações negociadas na Bolsa de Valores de Quito, Equador

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 96990-97007
Author(s):  
Mikel Ugando Peñate ◽  
Andrés Wladimir Herrera Manosalvas
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Securities Trading ◽  
The City ◽  
A Company ◽  
Latin American Countries

The Quito Stock Exchange (QSE) through its objective of offering security to investors, has reflected an act based on good corporate governance practices, however, 2% of amounts correspond to shares that are traded nationally, being Ecuador one of the Latin American countries with the lowest amounts traded compared to 8% of GDP. The objective of the investigation is framed in determining if the investment criteria of Warren Buffett have applicability in the negotiations of actions in the QSE, added to this the presumed existence of aversion to risk on the part of the investor, but also the ignorance of the movement of market and securities transactions, with a population that possibly lacks financial education and does not have benchmarks to invest in a seemingly unknown market. The fields of inquiry that have been defined have to do with the buffettology that involves the investment techniques and criteria that have made Buffett the most famous investor worldwide and, on the other hand, the equity certificates of or documents that represent a Part of ownership of the assets of a company that in the future allows you to enjoy the derived benefits. In conclusion, the criteria are partially applicable in an average 72.23% within companies that could be very close to being excellent, with economic, legal and operational barriers that hold back the development of the stock market in the city of Quito.

scholarly journals Lay Patronage and the Development of Ecclesiastical Property in Spanish America: The Case of Buenos Aires, 1700–1900

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Di Stefano
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
The State ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Family Wealth ◽  
Managerial Authority ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
The Church

Abstract Beginning with the dissolution of colonial Christendom, the development of church property has been closely tied to processes of secularization in Latin American countries. This process is to be understood not as the marginalization of religion but as the restructuring of religious matters in modern societies. The practice of lay patronage—which was common in America, as it was in Europe for centuries—channeled family wealth into the financial support of certain institutions, which in turn allowed lay patrons to intervene in decisions about religious life. In the case of Buenos Aires such properties were absorbed or expropriated during the nineteenth century as part of a process of centralization, in which local church authorities, the papacy, and the state all participated. Thus in Buenos Aires the process of disentailment of church property did not involve the transfer of property from the church to the state, as might be supposed by extrapolating from the liberal reforms that took place in other countries. Rather, there was a process of appropriation by the state and by the church of property and managerial authority that had previously been held by families and various local institutions. It is worth asking if this phenomenon was unique to Buenos Aires, or if it can be generalized in some measure to other parts of the Hispanic world.

Transportation and Urbanization in Caracas, 1891-1936

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jeffrey Stann
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The City

Urban morphology and growth have been studied by sociologists and others in the United States for half a century. A question raised in some recent studies is: To what extent are urban forms and growth processes universal? Sargent (1972) has proposed a universal model of urban dynamics intended “to relate processes to the spatial development,” particularly residential development, of the city. Sargent uses Buenos Aires between 1870 and 1930 as a case study. This article applies his model to another Latin American capital, Caracas, during approximately the same time period in order to demonstrate imperfections in the model as it relates to the way in which transportation systems expand, the forces which influence their expansion, and the manner in which they affect city growth.

Defining a Primary Market for Bikesharing Programs: A Study of Habits and Usage Intentions in León, Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 2634 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla M. Gámez-Pérez ◽  
Pilar Arroyo-López ◽  
Christopher R. Cherry
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Binary Logit Model ◽  
Binary Logit ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
The City ◽  
Latin American Countries

Bikeshare has emerged as an influential new technology to improve nonmotorized transportation in cities across the globe. Latin American countries have lagged in the implementation of bikeshare systems. As such, there is a lack of studies that focus on bikeshare potential in Latin America. This study contributes to filling that gap by examining the potential demand of a proposed bikeshare system in the city of León, located in the central part of Mexico. The data of a stratified survey of 519 respondents are used to estimate a binary logit model on the stated intention to use the bikeshare system and thus to assess the factors that influence the potential interest in this mode of transportation. Some aspects of the results are consistent with other studies: potential bikeshare users must have a safe infrastructure, they will use bikeshare for regular trips from home to work, and bikeshare is competitive for short-duration trips. A few findings contrast with other studies: potential bikeshare users tend to be lower income and are not already cyclists, and some have very long transit commutes.

Medellin Library Parks

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renny Granda ◽  
Juan D. Machin-Mastromatteo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Successful Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Pact ◽  
The City ◽  
Latin American Countries

Medellin Library Parks represent a successful case of urban planning that constructed a social pact for the city of Medellin (Colombia), which transitioned from being one of the most violent cities in the world to the most innovative one. This work presents the Medellin Library Parks initiative as research, socialization, education, recreation and leisure spaces; their conceptualization as a new kind of public library, the strategic plan behind them, their results, awards and potential influence in other Latin American countries.

Behavior of land markets and restrictions on housing access in Buenos Aires between 2003 and 2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Baer ◽  
Mark Kauw
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Real Estate Development ◽  
Land Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The City

Purpose This paper aims to understand the paradoxal development in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where economic growth was not accompanied by improved housing access. The period between the years 2003 and 2013 was characterized by a sustained economic growth with social inclusion and a great expansion of both social and private housing supply in the cities of Argentina. However, this growth was not accompanied by an improvement in the overall access to land and housing. On the contrary, the habitation problems in terms of access to formal, environmentally safe and well-located land with decent facilities have worsened. The City of Buenos Aires is one of the places where this paradox is most manifested. Design/methodology/approach The functioning of the land markets and the real estate development in Buenos Aires will be analyzed in the period 2003-2013 in relation to the macroeconomic context, the monetary effort for the acquisition and rent of a formal dwelling and certain logics of urban development. Findings The rhythm of urban land valorization continuously surpassed that of other commodities and services. The expansion of residential production did not improve the access to formal housing. On the contrary, habitation issues have worsened and conflicts concerning access to land, housing and the city have rapidly increased since 2003. Originality/value In a Latin American context, this paper is the first to establish a conceptual relationship based on empirical data between land price dynamics and real estate development. The paper is also original in its identification of a change in valorization rhythm and pattern of real estate development in the past decade (2003-2013).

scholarly journals The Graffitour of the 13: an aesthetic, political and historical trajectory through Medellín

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Pérez Torres
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Collective Experience ◽  
Historical Trajectory ◽  
Fixed Boundaries ◽  
The City ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
And Diffusion

Abstract To think the borders of the metropolis beyond the representations associated with precariousness and crime presupposes recognizing the abundance and vitality of aesthetic practices and productions that are reconfiguring the discourses on the peripheries. In both Brazil and other Latin American countries, the emergence and diffusion of languages produced in the "margins" of cities call into question the center/periphery dualism - relativizing the existence of fixed boundaries, while proposing other ways of narrating different collective experiences. Commonly seen as a peripheral product, graffiti is an artistic language that express the multiplicity of agencies on the metropolitan edges. In the city of Medellín, Colombia, different groups formed mainly by young people from the edges have been taking on graffiti and hip hop as a resource to understand, narrate and distance themselves from the violence that crosses them. A significant sample of this type of collective experience is the Graffitour proposal, an "aesthetic, political and historical" route organized by the Centro Cultural Casa Kolacho in the Commune 13. Based on the assumption that the Graffitour transcends the simple representation of the medellinense periphery and constitutes a form of cultural and political organization to speak about the violence that appears in the city, this work reports the experience of having carried out this journey through Commune 13. In this sense, it aims to reflect on how discourses are produced on metropolitan edges in contemporary times and on the role of urban artistic manifestations in the interpretation of violence and in the construction of social memory.

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