Zijn Er Vaste Trekken In Het Maatschappelijk Denken Over Vertalen?

1985 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
A.J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Western World ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Language Universals

The article deals with the reception side of translation in an industrial context. It is only natural for an industrial linguist to look upon his job as a linguist. Most of his work, however, will be conceived and received by 'people'. This need not necessarily be a source of conflict, but where it is, the linguist tends to rely on the quality of his argument, which just as often does not decide the case. What is overlooked is that much of the disparity is engendered by a different bias as to what a language really is. For such bias, Western culture seems to have three basic options available, each overstressing one of the semiotic dimensions: the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic, as can be seen from linguistic models past and present. Recent work by Roy Harris has shown these options - termed by him the surrogationalist, contractualist and instrumentalist view, respectively - to have very deep roots in the development of Western society. The article argues that, what with the institutional character of a language and the important role of translation in shaping the cultural landscape of the Western world, popular (and much expert) opinion on translation - as a job or a product - might well be classable under three similar headings. An attempt is made at a trichotomy of 'positions' implicit in current reactions on translation concerning such criteria as language universals, translatability, equivalence, translation unit, etc. The resultant typology is believed to reveal constant traits in popular thought on translation. If a typology is the output of lumpers and the input to hair splitters, a lot of 'hairsplitting' in the light of Harris' analysis, or similar historical work, may be called for to improve its reality content. The article opens with an outline of the translator's position in large industries as characterized by three paradoxes: a small-scale profession within a big organization, a high-knowledge job yet lacking back-up from a prestigious academic discipline, a recent career and a very old art. This makes motivation and legitimation of the profession not an easy task. It might be easier if more were known of the sociolinguistics of translation.

scholarly journals 106 - Environmental Influences on the Cognitive and Psychological Well Being of Older Adults with Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
William E. Reichman ◽  
L. Bradford Perkins ◽  
Hilde Verbeek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Culture Change ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Term Care

This symposium will review the latest data on the influence of environmental design and its attributes on the cognitive and psychological wellbeing of older adults living with dementia. The presenters will cover the myriad ways in which the physical environment of care can adapt to the changing demands of older adults with sensory, motor and cognitive deficits and foster optimal functioning and quality of life. The role of emerging technologies will also be reviewed as they complement the contribution of the design of the physical environment to the wellbeing of older adults with cognitive impairment. Information will be offered through a review of the existing research literature as well as case studies that illustrate the impact of environmental modification on fostering wellbeing and minimizing the emergence of the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. The presenters will represent and integrate sensibilities that have emerged from the fields of architecture, cognitive neuroscience and psychology.How the Principles of the Culture Change Movement Inform Environmental Design and the Application of Technology in the Care of Older Adults Living with DementiaWilliam E. ReichmanThe culture change movement informs a number of principles that have been applied to more contemporary design concepts for the congregate care of older adults living with dementia. This talk will review the core tenets of the Culture Change Movement as exemplified by the Greenhouse, Dementia Village and other innovative models of congregate long-term care. Specific reference will be made to how these tenets have been operationalized around the world into the design of programming and the creation of residential care environments that foster a better quality of life for older adults and an enhanced work environment for care providers. This talk will also include the emerging role of technologies that complement innovative design of the environment and which foster optimized social and recreational functioning of older adults living with dementia.A Better Life Through a Better Nursing Home DesignL. Bradford PerkinsOver the last 20 years there has been extensive experimentation related to the role of the environment in the housing, care and treatment of persons with Alzheimer’s and other age related dementias. Prior to that time the typical housing and care environment was a locked unit in a skilled nursing or other restrictive senior living facility. In 1991 the Presbyterian Association on Aging in Western Pennsylvania opened Woodside Place on its Oakmont campus. This small 36 bed facility was designed to incorporate the latest research and care experience with persons suffering from these issues. This one small project, as well as the long post occupancy research led by Carnegie Mellon University, clearly demonstrated that individuals with Alzheimer’s and related forms of dementia could lead a healthier, happier, higher quality of life in a more residential, less restrictive environment. Not everything in this pioneering project worked, and five generations of living and care models have followed that have refined the ideas first demonstrated by Woodside Place. Bradford Perkins, whose firm designed Woodside Place and over 100 other related projects, will discuss what was learned from Woodside Place as well as the five generations of projects (and post occupancy research) that followed.Innovative dementia care environments as alternatives for traditional nursing homes: evidence and experiences from the NetherlandsHilde VerbeekKey goals of the dementia care environment focus on increasing autonomy, supporting independence and trying to enable one’s own lifestyle for as long as possible. To meet these goals, innovative, small-scale and homelike care environments have been developed that have radically changed the physical, social and organizational aspects of long-term care in the Netherlands. This presentation discusses various Dutch models that have implemented small-scale and homelike care environments, including green care farms, dementia village and citizen initiatives. The models reflect a common care concept, focusing on residents’ remaining strengths, providing opportunity for choice and aiming to sustain a sense of self and control. A small number of residents (usually 6 to 8) live together in a homelike environment and nursing staff are part of the household. Residents are encouraged to participate in daily household activities, emphasizing normalization of daily life with person-centred care. The physical environment resembles an archetypal home. This talk presents the scientific evidence on the impact and effects of these small-scale, homelike models on residents, their family caregivers and staff. Furthermore, the presentation will highlight working approaches and how these initiatives have positively influenced routine care across the long-term care spectrum.

PROJECT ACTIVITY IS ONE OF THE MAIN METHODS OF STUDYING THE ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE: PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION WASTE MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
I.A. Solomin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Consumption Waste

One of the main requirements for the modern educational process is the introduction of innovative technologies in the educational process that allow changing traditional approaches to the construction of the educational process and applying individual trajectories in the professional training of students. The effectiveness of the learning process largely depends on the ability of students to develop a creative approach in performing the tasks assigned to them and the readiness of the student to implement them. Strengthening the role of project activities in learning processes helps to improve the quality of General and professional competencies and their implementation in practice.

Slovak Slavistics: Past and present. Interdisciplinary discourses of Slovak academic Slavistics

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Žeňuch ◽  
Katarína Žeňuchová
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
International Context ◽  
Central European ◽  
Literature History ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

AbstractSlovak Slavistics has adopted the interdisciplinary research approach based on examining the processes involved in language, literature, history, culture, ethnics and religion. From a scholarly and investigative point of view, Slovak Slavistics is primarily concerned with researching Slovak and Slavic relations, and Slovak and non-Slavic relations. Although Slavistics at home and abroad has been affected by the recession, it maintains its role of accelerating systematic and comprehensive investigation. The priority of Slovak Slavistics, both in a domestic and international context, is to safeguard scholarly outputs and make them available in the competitive international arena. Ensuring continuity in Slavistic research is also important and is not merely a question of prestige, but is also a fundamental means of continually improving the quality of the academic discipline. Internationally recognised Slavistic research is conducted in collaboration with the Ján Stanislav Institute of Slavistics at the Slovak Academy of Sciences. The institute sees modern Slavistics in Slovakia as having currency and exigency. Slovak Slavistic research is indispensable, provides continuity and constitutes an inseparable component of wider Central European and international Slavistic research.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF GROUP TUTOR INFLUENCE ON STUDENTS LEARNING QUALITY AT A PEDAGOGICAL HIGHER SCHOOL

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
L.M. Kravtsova ◽  
◽  
G.M. Shakamalov
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
School Education ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Topical Problem ◽  
Quality Of Learning ◽  
University Life ◽  
The University ◽  
Academic Group

A topical problem of the work of academic group tutor and his/her influence on students learning quality is discussed. Theoretical basics of tutor’s work as a person, who is a key figure in students’ adaptation in the higher school education, are discussed. Educational functions of the tutor are viewed in the aspect of improving the quality of learning material acquisition and academic discipline maintenance. Results of students’ survey to find out the role of students academic group tutor are presented. It is concluded that tutor work is a link between the students and academics, between the university and extra university life.

scholarly journals PUBLIC POLICY IN ISLAMIC FRAMEWORK: EXPLORING PARADIGM BASED ON ISLAMIC EPISTEMOLOGY

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkader Cassim Mahomedya
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western World ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Ontological Categories ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Field Of Inquiry

Despite the concerted efforts of recent Islamic scholarship to establish a distinct identity for Islamic economics, they have enjoyed little success in doing so. One of the most important reasons for this vision of Islamic sciences remaining unfulfilled is that scant attention has been paid to the critical role of epistemology in the founding of an academic discipline. Consequently, and not unlike the other areas of Islamic social science, Islamic Economics has remained embedded within the epistemological-ontological foundations of Occidentalism, thereby enslaving itself to the mainstream theories and tools of neoclassical microeconomics and Keynesian macroeconomics. This has been the central debility facing Islamic economists in establishing a distinct identity for their field of inquiry. This paper aims to highlight the importance of the relationship between epistemology, science, and Islamic economics. Only after this nexus is understood and appreciated, will it meaningful to articulate an episteme for Islamic economics, and to derive therefrom and construct thereupon a matrix of concepts, ontological categories and axioms opposite to that episteme. This is critical if Islamic economists and Muslim social scientists aspire to realise the objectives of Islam and avoid the pitfalls of their counterparts in the western world. They have to chart a new and fresh way forward for their science, consistent with a worldview based on Islam's authentic sources. =========================================== Meskipun upaya-upaya terpadu pengetahuan Islami terkini untuk membangun suatu identitas yang berbeda bagi ilmu ekonomi Islam, ada sedikit keberhasilan dari upaya- upaya tersebut. Salah satu alasan yang paling penting untuk visi ilmu pengetahuan Islami yang masih belum diisi adalah minimnya perhatian yang ditujukan kepada peranan kritis epistemology dalam membentuk suatu disiplin akademik. Oleh karena itu, tidak seperti area-area lain dalam ilmu sosial Islami, Ekonomi Islam telah dan masih menyertakan dasar-dasar epistemology-ontology kebiasaan orang-orang barat (occidentalisme), sehingga masih terikat pada teori- teori arus utama dan perangkat ekonomi mikro neo-klasik dan ekonomi makro Keynesian. Hal ini menjadi kelemahan utama yang dihadapi oleh para ekonom Islam dalam membentuk suatu identitas yang berbeda dalam bidang penelitiannya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menekankan pentingnya hubungan antara epistemologi, ilmu pengetahuan, dan ekonomi Islam. Setelah keterkaitan ini dipahami dan disadari, hal ini akan memberi arti dalam mengartikulasikan suatu episteme bagi ekonomi Islam dan untuk memperoleh darinya dan kemudian mengkonstruksikan sebuah matrix konsep, kategori ontology dan aksioma yang tepat bagi episteme tersebut. Hal ini sangat mendesak jika para ekonom Islam dan para ahli ilmu sosial muslim bercita-cita untuk mewujudkan tujuan- tujuan Islam dan menghindari jebakan rekan- rekannya di dunia barat. Mereka harus merencanakan sebuah cara baru dan berbeda dalam memajukan ilmu pengetahuannya, konsisten dengan pandangan yang berdasarkan sumber-sumber Islam yang asli.

On the Inefficiency of Being Efficient

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 921-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Western World ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Socioecological Systems ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Flexible Framework ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
Diversity Of Components

Decisionmaking in the industrialized nations of the western world increasingly can be characterized by its scale and speed of implementation. Another facet of decisionmaking is the narrowness with which problems are defined and the equally narrow range of alternatives sought for solution. This paper documents these elements of decisions and also sketches out a number of scenarios where such an approach has led to unexpected, and often undesirable, consequences. An alternative view of complex decisions, based on these scenarios, is developed. It relies heavily not on optimization as its pivotal criterion but rather upon the persistence of the decisionmaking unit, which is ultimately our society. Examples are presented which illustrate the counterproductive nature of many optimizing solutions. The argument is made that in an uncertain world, such as the one in which we live, optimizing approaches to decisions cannot succeed in the longer run because their assumptions about the constancy of our world do not hold up. Accordingly, a more flexible framework is suggested which values the complexity and uncertainty of the socioecological systems within which we must operate. The stability of these systems is seen to be a critical consideration of decisions, and several aspects of stability are presented which have been overlooked in the past. The paper is concluded with a number of points which it is argued should be explicitly accounted for in future decisionmaking frameworks. Among the points stressed are: the desirability of making small scale decisions and implementing them slowly; the need to acknowledge the limits of what is knowable and thus the role of uncertainty; the virtues of maintaining a diversity of components in our socioecological systems; and finally the need to keep decision options open.

scholarly journals The role of geophysics in enhancing mine planning decision-making in small-scale mining

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 200384
Author(s):  
Ricardo Tichauer ◽  
Antonio Carlos Martins ◽  
Ranyere Sousa Silva ◽  
Giorgio De Tomi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Mine Planning ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Planning Decision

Small-scale mining usually operates under high geological uncertainty conditions. This turns mine planning into a complex and sometimes inaccurate task, resulting in low productivity and substantial variability in the quantity and quality of the mineral products. This research demonstrates how the application of a novel methodology that relies on traditional and low-cost geophysical methods can contribute to mine planning in small-scale mining. A combination of resistivity and induced polarization methods is applied to enhance mine planning decision-making in three small-scale mining operations. This approach allows for the acquisition of new data regarding local geological settings, supporting geological modelling and enhancing decision-making processes for mine planning in a timely and low-cost fashion. The results indicate time savings of up to 77% and cost reductions of up to 94% as compared with conventional methods, contributing to more effective mine planning and, ultimately, improving sustainability in small-scale mining.

scholarly journals kepemimpinan sekolah

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
mutiararahmadila
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
Transformational Leadership Style ◽  
Role Of The Principal

The principal is the highest lead in the school. The pattern of leadership will be very influential even greatly determine the progress of the school. Therefore in modern education the headmasters leadership is a strategic position in the minister. The purpose of this article is to understanding of the principal, understand and know the role of the principal, and know the principal's transformational leadership style. In this article, researchers use the literature study and simulation methods. This literature study was carried out by gathering literature (materials) sourced from books, journals, and other sources related to knowledge about the role of the principal. While the simulation method is done by taking a picture of small-scale examples taken from books, internet sites, journals and etc. The principal is one of the school personnel who guides and has responsibilities together with other members to achieve their goals. The principal is called the official leader. The principal is very instrumental in moving various components of the school so that the learning process can run well. This means that the principal is very important to progress in the quality of education.

scholarly journals Peran Kepala Sekolah dlm Perubahan Pendidikan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arrahmania ◽  
hanif al kadri
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Transformational Leadership Style ◽  
Role Of The Principal

The purpose of this article is to understanding of the principal, understand and know the role of the principal, and know the principal's transformational leadership style. In this article, researchers use the literature study and simulation methods. This literature study was carried out by gathering literature (materials) sourced from books, journals, and other sources related to knowledge about the role of the principal. While the simulation method is done by taking a picture of small-scale examples taken from books, internet sites, journals and etc. The principal is one of the school personnel who guides and has responsibilities together with other members to achieve their goals. The principal is called the official leader. The principal is very instrumental in moving various components of the school so that the learning process can run well. This means that the principal is very important to progress in the quality of education.

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