scholarly journals Physiological effects of fibre-rich types of bread

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Van Dokkum ◽  
Anneke Wesstra ◽  
Francien A. Schippers
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Mineral Balance ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Wholemeal Bread

1. Twelve young adult male volunteers were given a low-fibre white bread diet (9 g neutral-detergent fibre (NDF)/d) and a medium-fibre coarse-bran bread diet (22 g NDF/d), each lasting 20 d. In a third period of 20 d the volunteers were subdivided in groups of four, consuming a high-fibre coarse-bran bread diet (35 g NDF/d). a medium-fibre fine-bran bread diet (22 g NDF/d, bran particle size < 0.35 mm) or a wholemeal bread diet (22 g NDF/d), Retention of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and copper were determined during each 20 d period.2. An increase of the amount of dietary fibre (through bran in bread) from 9 g to 22 g NDF/d resulted in a significantly increased mineral intake, but also faecal excretion increased significantly; mineral retention remained almost constant.3. Both intake and faecal excretion of all minerals studied, except faecal Ca. increased further (P < 0.05) on the diet providing 35 g NDF/d: only Fe balance decreased significantly. No significant differences with respect to intake, excretion (except urinary Ca) and balance of the minerals could be detected between the coarse-bran bread and fine-bran bread diets providing 22 g NDF/d. Faecal Fe, Cu balance and Mg balance increased significantly during the wholemeal bread period compared to the coarse-bran bread diet providing 22 g NDF.4. Serum cholesterol increased significantly, i.e. by 0.3 mmol/1, during the coarse-bran bread diet providing 22 g NDF, compared to the white-bread diet.5. It is concluded that increasing the amount of bran in bread does not appear to affect mineral balance considerably but there seems to be an influence on mineral availability. The increased intake was accompanied by increased faecal excretion.

scholarly journals Effect of fibre level, particle size and adaptation period on digestibility and rate of passage as measured at the ileum and in the faeces in the adult rabbit

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gidenne
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Digestive Efficiency ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre

The use of specific methods other than gravimetric ones to analyse fibre permitted a more precise study of the degradation of cell wall (CW) in the digestive tract. Digesta flow and rate of passage measurements have not been assessed previously in rabbits to investigate fibre digestion and fibre effects simultaneously in the proximal and in the distal segments of the tract. The effect of the level of dietary fibre on ileal and overall digestibility and rate of passage were studied by comparing semi-purified diets containing only one source of CW (dehydrated lucerne (Medicago sativa) meal) given to adult female rabbits. The effect of fibre particle size and adaptation period were also investigated. Measurements of fibre composition using both colorimetric and gas-liquid chromatographic techniques, showed that large amounts of (CW) were degraded in the caecocolic segments. Increasing dietary fibre level reduced the rate of passage but fibre degradation was increased, at the same time a lower digestive efficiency for energy in the small intestine was found. A small quantity of CW was apparently degraded before the caecum, assuming that the water-soluble fraction of CW was essentially implicated. Grinding lucerne meal through a 1 mm instead of a 3 mm screen did not improve CW digestibility in spite of a longer rate of passage in the caeco-colic segments. Adaptation to a high-fibre diet resulted in an higher digestive volume for colon and caecum, related to an improved degradation of CW. Furthermore, digestive efficiency in the small intestine appeared higher for rabbits adapted to a high-fibre diet than that for rabbits initially fed on a low-fibre diet.

Dietary fibre fermentation in the rat intestinal tract: effect of adaptation period, protein and fibre levels, and particle size

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta Nyman ◽  
Nils-Georg ASP
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Different Levels

1. The fermentative breakdown of one resistant type of dietary fibre (wheat bran) and one easily-fermented fibre (low-methoxyl pectin) was studied with respect to the length of the adaptation period and fibre level in the diet. The breakdown of the resistant fibre was also studied regarding the protein level in the diet and particle size of the fibre.2. Prolongation of the adaptation period from 4 to 18 d decreased the faecal dry weight considerably. The excretion of dietary fibre however, was similar, whereas a decrease in faecal nitrogen excretion could be seen.3. A level of dietary protein of less than 50 g/kg impaired the fermentation of wheat-bran fibre, whereas a level higher than 100 g protein/kg did not further increase the degree of fermentation of the fibre.4. The particle size did not change the fermentability of the fibre, equal amounts of the main components of coarse and milled bran being excreted in faeces.5. Two different levels of wheat-bran fibre (48 and 96 g/kg) in the diet did not influence the fibre breakdown. Similar results were obtained with two levels of fibre from low-methoxyl pectin (42 and 84 g/kg), but a tendency towards a decreased percentage of faecal excretion of uronic acids was seen at the lower level of low-methoxyl pectin.

scholarly journals Zinc absorption in adult men from a chicken sandwich made with white or wholemeal bread, measured by a double-label stable-isotope technique

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait ◽  
Thomas E. Fox ◽  
S. Gabrielle Wharf ◽  
John Eagles ◽  
Hugh Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Absorption ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Isotope Technique ◽  
Balance Technique ◽  
Double Label ◽  
Stable Isotope Technique ◽  
Wholemeal Bread

Eleven fasted adult men consumed a chicken meat sandwich made with white or wholemeal bread, extrinsically labelled with 2 mg 67Zn, on two different occasions. Immediately after eating the sandwich they were given an intravenous injection of 1·5 mg 70Zn. True Zn absorption (which was approximately 7% higher than apparent absorption) was determined by the faecal balance technique by making an allowance for endogenous excretion from measurements of faecal excretion of 70Zn. There was no significant difference in mean true Zn absorption from the white or wholemeal bread sandwich, 33·6 and 25·4% respectively. It was concluded that the substitution of wholemeal for white bread does not reduce Zn absorption from meat-based sandwiches.

scholarly journals Extrusion cooking of a high-fibre cereal product

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbro Kivistö ◽  
Henrik Andersson ◽  
Gitten Cederblad ◽  
Ann-Sofie Sandberg ◽  
Brittmarie Sandström
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Extrusion Cooking ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
Extruded Product ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Cereal Product ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

1. The effect of extrusion cooking, using mild conditions, of a high-fibre cereal product on apparent small bowel absorption of zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus was studied.2. Seven ileostomy subjects were studied during two periods (each of 4d), on a constant low-fibre diet supplemented with either 54 g/d of a bran-gluten-starch mixture or the corresponding extruded product.3. The apparent absorption of Zn, Mg and P was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) during the period with extruded product compared with the period with bran-gluten-starch. No difference was found for Fe and Ca.4. The negative effect of extrusion cooking of a product containing phytic acid on availability of Zn, Mg and P was small but could be of nutritional relevance in foodstuffs that are consumed frequently and in infant formulas.

Performance, carcass traits and meat quality of lambs fed with different roughage:concentrate ratios associated with variable physically effective neutral detergent fibre content

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
L. de O. Queiroz ◽  
A. M. Barbosa ◽  
G. B. Mourão ◽  
M. A. Fonseca ◽  
L. F. B. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Colour Parameter

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of roughage:concentrate (R:C) ratio associated with a variable particle size of physically effective neutral detergent fibre (peNDF8) in the forage (Tifton-85 hay) on the performance, carcass traits and meat quality of lambs. Seventy-two 4-month-old, non-castrated Santa Ines male lambs (23.5 ± 2.32 kg BW) were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement [two peNDF8 hay particle sizes (13 and 6 mm) and two R:C ratios (700:300 and 500:500 g/kg DM total)]. DMI, DM, NFC and TDN digestibility's, N-intake and N-faecal excretion were affected by the R:C ratio (P < 0.05). However, the N-retained was not affected by the studied variables (P > 0.05). It was observed an interaction (P < 0.05) between the peNDF8 and R:C ratios for final BW, average daily gain (ADG), colour parameters and pH 24 h. The lower roughage ratio provided greater (P < 0.05) concentrations of C14:1, C16:1–cis9, C18:1–cis9, ΣMUFA, Σn–6:Σn–3 and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic index, enzymatic activity Δ9desaturase-C16 and -C18. Lambs fed a lower roughage diet had improved performance and feed efficiency, however, presented reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) concentrations in the meat, especially Σn–3 family. Higher roughage diet and larger peNDF8 particle size improved the concentrations of PUFA while decreased Σn–6:Σn–3 ratio in meat. Larger peNDF8 particle size associated with higher roughage proportion, have reduced animal performance however, it increased protein concentration, a* and C* colour parameter without affecting fatty acids profile of Longissimus lumborum muscle.

scholarly journals Dietary fibre enzymatic treatment: a way to improve the rheological properties of high-fibre-enriched dough

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Marti ◽  
Gabriella Bottega ◽  
Maria C. Casiraghi ◽  
Franco Faoro ◽  
Stefania Iametti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Enzymatic Treatment ◽  
High Fibre

Can healthy motivated British adults achieve the revised UK government fibre recommendations of 30 g per day? Results from a preliminary study

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Áine O’Connor ◽  
Sophie Crosswaite
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
Average Body

Background: UK Government recommendations for dietary fibre intakes have recently increased to 30 g per day, well below current population intakes. Aim: This study aimed to explore whether the target for dietary fibre intake could be achieved and the effects on markers of cardiometabolic health. Methods: In this 4-week high-fibre intervention study, 15 participants were instructed to achieve dietary fibre intakes of 30 g/day. Results: Dietary fibre intakes significantly increased post intervention (16.0 ± 8.1 g/day, p < 0.001). No significant changes in glucose and triglyceride concentrations were observed and there was a significant increase in average body weight (0.7 ± 1.2 kg, p = 0.025). Conclusions: This study shows that achieving the new dietary fibre recommendations of 30g/day is achievable, in the short term, in a sample of British adults without any observed effect on health markers.

scholarly journals The digestion of pectin in the human gut and its effect on calcium absorption and large bowel function

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Cummings ◽  
D. A. T. Southgate ◽  
W. J. Branch ◽  
H. S. Wiggins ◽  
Hellen Houston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Calcium Balance ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Mineral Absorption ◽  
Faecal Excretion

1. The effect of dietary fibre digestion in the human gut on its ability to alter bowel habit and impair mineral absorption has been investigated using the technique of metabolic balance.2. Five healthy male students were studied for 9 weeks under controlled dietary conditions and during the last 6 weeks they took 36 g pectin/d. Bowel habit, transit through the gut, faecal fibre excretion, calcium balance and faecal composition were measured.3. During the control period only 15% of the dietary fibre ingested was excreted in the stools and when pectin was added to the diet there was no increase in fibre excretion. Stool frequency and mean transit time were unchanged by pectin but stool wet weight increased by 33% and faecal excretion increased (%) for fatty acids 80, nitrogen 47, total dry matter 28 and bile acids 35. Ca balance remained unchanged.4. It may be concluded from these results that dietary fibre is largely metabolized in the human gut and dietary pectin completely so. This could explain its lack of effect on bowel habit and Ca balance. Other changes in the faeces may be related to an increase in bacterial mass.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary fibre-rich juice colloids from apple pomace extraction juices on intestinal fermentation products and microbiota in rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Sembries ◽  
Gerhard Dongowski ◽  
Gisela Jacobasch ◽  
Katri Mehrländer ◽  
Frank Will ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Effects of colloids isolated from apple pomace extraction juices (so-called B-juices) produced by enzymic liquefaction on food intake, body and faecal weights, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profile and selected intestinal microbiota were investigated in rats. Ten male Wistar rats per group were fed diets without any apple dietary fibre (DF) (control) or supplement with 5 % B-juice colloids or an alcohol-insoluble substance (AIS) from apples for 6 weeks. Rats fed with apple DF (5 % B-juice colloids or AIS) gained less weight than control rats (P<0·05). B-juice colloids did not affect food intake, whereas feeding AIS resulted in a 10% higher food consumption than in control rats. Both juice colloids and AIS increased the weight of caecal contents in rats and lowered luminal pH values (P<0·05). In addition, SCFA concentrations and total yields were also raised (P<0·05) in caecum of these rats indicating good fermentability of apple substrates by gut microflora. Distinctly higher concentrations of acetate and propionate were found in intestinal contents of juice colloid-fed rats (P< 0·05), whereas AIS also increased butyrate yield. Changes in microbiota due to apple DF in diets were restricted in the caecum to theEubacterium rectalecluster (AIS;P<0·05) and in faeces to theBacteroidaceae(juice colloids and AIS;P<0·05). The present study shows the physiological effects of apple DF isolated from pomace extraction juices produced by enzymic liquefaction on intestinal fermentation. Results may be helpful for the development of such innovative juice products that are rich in DF of fruit origin.

Effect of a high fibre intake on the resistance of the growing rabbit to an experimental inoculation with an enteropathogenic strain ofEscherichia coli

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gidenne ◽  
D. Licois
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Health Risk Index ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre

AbstractResponse to an experimental infection with an enteropathogenicE. coliO103 strain (EPEC) was assessed in growing rabbits given a high or a low dietary fibre diet (200 and 120 g acid-detergent fibre per kg respectively for high ‘HF’ or low ‘LF’ fibre diet). The two experimental diets, differing in fibre level but not fibre quality, were given ad libitum from 21 days of age to two groups of 12 litters of nine pups, weaned at 28 days (trial 1) and caged collectively. At 42 days of age, the two groups were divided in two subgroups (i.e. four groups of 18 animals), inoculated or not with an EPEC O103 strain. Two further groups of 48 rabbits (trial 2) were given LF and HF diets from 28 days (weaning) to 70 days, and were individually housed to control precisely the food intake. Reducing the fibre level led to a lower post-weaning food intake (64 v. 85 g/days in the period from 28 to 42 days of age,P< 0·001) and digestible energy intake (0·75v.. 0·86 MJ/day,P< 0·001), causing a lower growth (proportionately 0·088 lower,P< 0·001). At 42 days of age, only 17% of rabbits had a detectable caecal saprophyteE. coliflora (over 102colony-forming units (CFU) per g, trial 1). Inoculating 6-week-old rabbits with EPEC led to moderate levels of mortality (26%). Health risk index (mortality + morbidity) was numerically higher in LF compared with HF groups (P= 0·12). The acute phase of the colibacillosis was between 3 and 10 days post inoculation. From days 7 to 14 post inoculation, a significantly higher frequency of rabbits having a high faecal excretion ofE. coli(> 105CFU per g) was found in LF than in HF rabbits (respectively 65 v. 26·7%,P= 0·04). The caecal pectinolytic flora reached 108CFU per g at 42 and 65 days of age, and was not affected by diet or EPEC challenge. In 42-day-old rabbits the caecal volatile fatty acid concentration was higher in HF than in LF groups (respectively 79 v. 60 mmol/l,P< 0·05), while the caecal pH was slightly lower (respectively 5·93 v. 6·09,P< 0·01). At 65 days of age, rabbits resistant to the inoculation showed a similar fermentation pattern and fibrolytic flora level to non-inoculated animals. Caecal ammonia level was not affected either by age, diet orE. colichallenge (mean = 12·1 mmol/l). From these results, we conclude that a high fibre intake improved the resistance of the growing rabbit to a specific enteropathy, in association with a higher caecal fermentative activity and lower caecal pH.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document