Nutritional value and health benefits of horticulture.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Bodily Function ◽  
Functional Components

Abstract Daily consumption of fruit and vegetables is encouraged as important for human health and nutrition because the vitamins, minerals, essential micronutrients, fibre, vegetable proteins and bio-functional components they provide are crucial for bodily function. The FAO/WHO expert consultation (2004) on diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases recommended a daily intake of 400 g (five portions) of fruits and vegetables (excluding potatoes and other starchy tubers) to prevent heart disease, cancer, diabetes and obesity. However, despite this recognition, world-wide per capita consumption of fruits and vegetables is estimated to be 20-50% short of the minimum recommended level. In 2013 an estimated 5.2 million deaths worldwide were attributable to inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption. Adhering to the WHO recommendations for fruit and vegetable intake can prevent morbidity and mortality caused by micronutrient deficiencies, birth defects, mental and physical retardation, weakened immune systems, blindness and even death. Improving the dietary diversity through horticulture-based food intake is an effective and sustainable approach to combating micronutrient malnutrition in both developed and developing countries (Kennedy et al., 2003).

scholarly journals Fruit and vegetable intake by Brazilian adults, 2003

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S19-S24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Constante Jaime ◽  
Carlos Augusto Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Daily Consumption

This study estimated indicators of fruit and vegetable intake by Brazilian adults and examined the influence of demographic and socioeconomic variables on the consumption of these foods. We used the following indicators: daily fruit intake, daily vegetable intake, and daily consumption of five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day. Only 41.0% of adults reported daily fruit intake, while 30.0% reported daily vegetable intake. Fruit and vegetable intake was more common in urban as compared to rural areas and increased in both genders with age, schooling, and number of household goods. We conclude that initiatives to promote fruit and vegetable consumption are necessary for the country as a whole, but special attention should be given to younger individuals, males, rural communities, and groups with less schooling and lower income.

scholarly journals Was There a Relationship Between Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mental Health of College Students During COVID-19?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 243-243
Author(s):  
Kelly Parker ◽  
Annika Rotvold ◽  
Kerrie Honrath ◽  
Yeong Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Daily Number

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between average daily intake of fruits and vegetables and mental health in college students as measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Methods A survey was developed to assess college students’ fruit and vegetable intake and recent mental health using the Eating at America's Table Food Frequency Questionnaire (EAT) and the DASS-21. The survey was administered via Qualtrics in the initial three months after lockdown began due to COVID-19 in the area. Trained researchers coded the DASS-21 for the presence and level of depression, anxiety, and stress. The EAT was used to calculate the average number of fruits and vegetables consumed daily by each student by calculating the total number of cups of each fruit and vegetable as counted by the USDA MyPlate tool. Pearson's correlations were run between the average daily number of fruits and vegetables consumed and the severity score for depression, anxiety, and stress to determine whether relationships existed between the variables of interest. Results One hundred ninety-six students responded to the survey. Students were an average of 21.7 years of age (std dev. 4.4 years), mostly female (54.7%), freshmen (30.1%), who were enrolled full-time (69.3%). Most students identified as single (65.2%), and not in a relationship (35.6%), and as living off-campus (34.8%). Pearson's correlations revealed a slight relationship between average daily number of fruits and average daily number of vegetables consumed (r = 0.374, P < 0.01). There was no significant relationship between either fruit or vegetable consumption and any of the mental health variables. There was, however, a moderate to strong relationship between depression and anxiety (r = 0.480, P < 0.01) or stress (r = 0.686, P < 0.01) and anxiety and stress (r = 0.627, P < 0.01). Conclusions College students’ mental health at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown was not related to their daily fruit and vegetable intake. Funding Sources N/A

Abstract P070: The Relationship Between Weight and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, Assessed by Serum Carotenoids and Self-Report: Results from the PREMIER Trial

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie L Parker ◽  
Liwei Chen ◽  
Diane C Mitchell ◽  
Hsin-Chieh Yeh ◽  
Cheryl Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Serum Carotenoids ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Increased intake of fruits and vegetables (F/V) may protect against adiposity, but effects on weight have been inconsistent. Our objective was to examine the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and weight, using direct and indirect measures of dietary intake: self-reported 24-hour recall and serum carotenoid levels. Methods: Participants from the PREMIER lifestyle intervention trial were included in this analysis (n=554). Dietary measures included 24-hour dietary recalls and serum carotenoid levels, from a fasting blood sample. The outcome was weight in pounds. Nested linear mixed models were used to examine the association between F/V and weight. Results: Mean F/V increased from 4.6 (SD 2.4) to 5.6 (SD 3.2) (p=<.01), mean serum carotenoids increased from 53.2 (SD 31.9) to 68.1 (SD 42.5) (p=<.01). At 18 months, participants in the lowest quintile of fruit and vegetable change reported an average intake of 4.42.8 servings of fruits and vegetables, and those in the highest quintile of change reported an average intake of 7.73.2 servings. In a multivariate model adjusting for age, race, gender, intervention, energy, study site, and time, lower body weight was associated with higher F/V intake measured by dietary recall (−0.63 lbs, 95% CI −0.83 to −0.42, per 1 serving increase in F/V) and serum carotenoids (−0.13 lbs, 95% CI −0.15 to −0.11, per 1 ug/dl increase in carotenoids). Results were somewhat attenuated but consistent after additional adjustments for working heart rate, exercise, calories from sugar-sweetened beverages, marital and employment status, and alcohol use . Conclusions: Greater fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with decreased body weight. Results were consistent for both objective and self-reported measures of fruit and vegetable intake.

scholarly journals Daily fruit and vegetable consumption and diabetes status in middle-aged females in the general US population

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211986511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K Julius ◽  
Courtney K Fernandez ◽  
Amy C Grafa ◽  
Paige MC Rosa ◽  
Jessica L Hartos
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetes Status

Objectives: Fruit and vegetable consumption may impact development of diabetes, but limited research has addressed whether daily consumption of fruits and vegetables differs by those with and without diabetes, especially within high-risk groups. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine whether daily fruit and vegetable consumption differs by diabetes status in middle-aged females in the general US population. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis used 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for females ages 45–64 years old in Arizona (n = 2609), Florida (n = 3768), Georgia (n = 1018), and Texas (n = 2092). Multiple logistic regression analysis by state assessed the relationship between the daily consumption of fruit (fruit, 100% fruit juice) and vegetables (green leafy or lettuce salad, potatoes, other vegetables) and diabetes status, while controlling for health status, health behaviors, demographic factors, and socioeconomic status. Results: Across states, relatively similar proportions of participants with and without diabetes reported daily fruit consumption (with: 58%–63%; without: 61%–68%) and daily vegetable consumption (with: 58%–63%; without: 61%–68%). The results of adjusted analyses indicated that daily fruit and vegetable consumption did not differ by diabetes status across states. Conclusion: Across states, daily fruit and vegetable consumption did not differ by diabetes status in middle-aged females. In the primary care setting, providers should educate all females ages 45–64 on the importance of eating fresh fruits and vegetables and may consider sharing information about flavonoid-rich fruit and vegetable consumption for diabetes.

Abstract P059: The Association between Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in Children

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jina Choo ◽  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Hwami Yang ◽  
Suyeon Kim ◽  
In-Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Dichotomous Variable ◽  
Obesity In Children

Purpose: Increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables is recommended for the prevention of childhood obesity. Obesity in children affects the liver, causing conditions such as elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Elevated ALT levels in obese children may be associated with features of metabolic syndrome. Yet empirical evidence on the association between fruit and vegetable intake and ALT levels in children has been lacking. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Participants were 115 children aged 6 to 12 years, who were recruited from community child care centers in a community of Seoul metropolitan area in South Korea. Eating and activity behaviors were obtained by questionnaire administration. ALT levels were analyzed as a dichotomous variable with normal vs. abnormal values (≥30 IU/dL in boys and ≥19 IU/dL in girls). According to body mass index (BMI) percentile, participants were categorized into a normal-weight group of below the 85 th percentile, an overweight group between the 85 th and <95 th percentiles, and an obese group at or above the 95 th percentile. Eating behaviors were assessed via daily intake of fruits and vegetables as a dichotomous variable of 7 days vs. <7 days per week, and frequent intake of fast foods and sweetened beverages as dichotomous variables of < 3 days vs. ≥3 days per week. Daily physical activity was assessed as a dichotomous variable of 7 days vs. < 7 days per week. A logistic regression analysis was performed with an outcome variable of abnormal ALT and a predictor variable of daily fruit and vegetable intake, after adjusting for age, sex, income, alcohol consumption, frequent intake of fast food, frequent beverage intake, daily activity, and obesity groups. Results: Participants were 53.0% female, with a mean age of 9.7 years and a mean BMI percentile of 49.4%. Of the total participants, 28.7% were overweight or obese, and 24.3% were in the abnormal range for ALT levels. In a multivariate-adjusted model, children with a daily intake of fruits and vegetables were significantly less likely to have abnormal ALT levels (odds ratio [OR]=0.27, p=.017). Moreover, the obese group was significantly more likely to have abnormal ALT levels than the normal-weight group (OR=9.6, p=.005). Conclusions: Among children aged 6 to 12 years, daily fruit and vegetable intake was significantly and inversely associated with abnormal ALT levels, even after adjusting for overall obesity levels. Moreover, obesity in children was significantly associated with abnormal ALT levels. Therefore, ALT levels may reflect healthy eating behavior, especially fruit and vegetable intake, and a risk for obesity in children.

scholarly journals Socio-economic differences in fruit and vegetable consumption among Australian adolescents and adults

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Giskes ◽  
Gavin Turrell ◽  
Carla Patterson ◽  
Beth Newman
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
And Storage

AbstractObjectives:To determine whether socio-economic groups differ in their fruit and vegetable consumption, and the variety eaten, and whether socio-economic differences are similar for adolescents and adults. The study also examined whether socio-economic groups vary in their reported desire to increase the amount of fruit and vegetables consumed, and the perceived barriers to achieving this.Design, setting and subjects: The 1995 Australian National Nutrition Survey collected fruit and vegetable intake data from adolescents aged 13–17 years (n = 654) and adults 18–64 years (n = 7695) using a 24-hour dietary recall. Gross annual household income was used to measure socio-economic position.Results:Approximately 44% of males and 34% of females did not consume fruit in the 24 hours preceding the survey, and 20% of males and 17% of females did not consume vegetables. Among adolescents and adults, fruit and vegetable consumption was positively related to income. The only exception was vegetable consumption among adolescent males, which did not vary by income Lower-income adults consumed a smaller variety of fruits and vegetables than their higher-income counterparts. Fruit and vegetable variety did not vary by income among adolescents. Lower-income adults expressed less desire to increase their fruit and vegetable consumption, and were more likely to report that price and storage were barriers to doing so. Socio-economic differences in consumption and variety were more apparent for adults than for adolescents.Conclusions:In addition to increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables among the general population, nutrition interventions, programmes and policy aiming to improve diet should target adolescents and adults from low socio-economic groups. Strategies should address price and storage barriers.

scholarly journals Fruit and Vegetable Prescriptions for Pediatric Patients Living in Flint, Michigan: A Cross-Sectional Study of Food Security and Dietary Patterns at Baseline

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Saxe-Custack ◽  
Jenny LaChance ◽  
Mona Hanna-Attisha ◽  
Tiffany Ceja
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Maintenance

Though fruit and vegetable consumption is essential for disease prevention and health maintenance, intake among children fails to meet dietary recommendations. Limited access to and the affordability of fresh produce, particularly among low-income youth, are barriers to adequate intake. To address these challenges, researchers and pediatricians in Flint, Michigan, expanded a successful fruit and vegetable prescription program that provides one $15 prescription for fresh fruits and vegetables to every child at every office visit. Vendors include the downtown farmers’ market and a local mobile market. This study describes baseline characteristics, dietary patterns, food access, and food security among 261 caregiver–child dyads enrolled August 2018–March 2019. The child-reported mean daily intake of vegetables (0.72 cups ± 0.77), dairy products (1.33 cups ± 1.22), and whole grains (0.51 ounces ± 0.49) were well below recommendations. Furthermore, 53% of children and 49% of caregivers who completed the food security module indicated low or very low food security. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the child consumption of fruits and vegetables between households that reported high versus low food security (p > 0.05). Results validate and raise deep concerns about poor dietary patterns and food insecurity issues facing Flint children, many of whom continue to battle with an ongoing drinking water crisis. Additional poverty-mitigating efforts, such as fruit and vegetable prescription programs, are necessary to address these gaps.

scholarly journals Influences on child fruit and vegetable intake: sociodemographic, parental and child factors in a longitudinal cohort study

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1122-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise R Jones ◽  
Colin D Steer ◽  
Imogen S Rogers ◽  
Pauline M Emmett
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Unit Energy ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Child Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the sociodemographic, parental and child factors that predict fruit and vegetable consumption in 7-year-old children.DesignDiet was assessed using three 1d unweighed food diaries. The child’s daily fruit and vegetable consumption was calculated by summing the weight of each type of fruit, fruit juice and vegetable consumed. The various others factors measured were assessed by a questionnaire at different time points.SettingThe Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).SubjectsA total of 7285 children aged 7 years residing in the south-west of England during 1999–2000.ResultsMedian daily fruit and vegetable consumption (201 g) was below the recommendations for this age group (320 g). Girls ate more fruit and vegetables per unit energy (30·3 g/MJ) than boys (26·7 g/MJ;P=< 0·001). The predictors of fruit and vegetable consumption were mostly similar. Fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with maternal consumption, maternal education status and parental rules about serving fruit/vegetables every day, food expenditure per person and whether the child was choosy about food. Vegetable consumption was also associated with the other characteristics of the child, such as whether the child enjoyed food and whether the child tried a variety of foods.ConclusionsChildren are not eating recommended amounts of fruit and vegetables, particularly boys. Consumption of fruit and vegetables appears to be influenced by parental rules about daily consumption and parental consumption and by the child’s choosiness. Parent’s actions could influence this. These findings may prove useful for those planning healthy eating campaigns for children.

Psychosocial Factors Associated with Fruit and Vegetable Consumption

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Krebs-Smith ◽  
Jerianne Heimendinger ◽  
Blossom H. Patterson ◽  
Amy F. Subar ◽  
Ronald Kessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable

Purpose. This study examined the relationship between various psychosocial factors and fruit and vegetable consumption. Design. The 5 A Day Baseline Survey, conducted in August 1991, just before the initiation of the 5 A Day for Better Health Program, obtained data on adults' intakes of, and their knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes regarding, fruits and vegetables. Setting. The survey was conducted by telephone. Subjects. Subjects were 2811 adults (response rate, 43%) aged 18 years and older in the 48 coterminous United States. Measures. Fruit and vegetable intake was measured as self-reported frequency of use; most of the psychosocial variables were measured using Likert scales. Results. This study estimates that only 8% of American adults thought that five or more servings of fruits and vegetables were needed for good health. Of the factors studied, the most important in determining someone's fruit and vegetable intake were the number of servings they thought they should have in a day, whether they liked the taste, and whether they had been in the habit of eating many fruits and vegetables since childhood. These few factors accounted for 15% more of the variation in fruit and vegetable consumption than did demographic variables alone (8%). Conclusions. Nutrition education should stress the need to eat five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day because few adults are aware of this recommendation and such knowledge is strongly associated with increased intake. Furthermore, efforts to increase the palatability of fruits and vegetables, especially among children, should be promoted.

scholarly journals Relation of Fruits and Vegetables with Major Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Markers of Oxidation, and Inflammation

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lapuente ◽  
Estruch ◽  
Shahbaz ◽  
Casas
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Almost All

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are considered to be the leading cause of death worldwide. Inadequate fruit and vegetable intake have been recognized as a risk factor for almost all NCDs (type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases). The main aim of this review is to examine the possible protective effect that fruit and vegetable consumption or their bioactive compounds may have on the development of NCDs such as atherosclerosis. The accumulated evidence on the protective effects of adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables in some cases, or the lack of evidence in others, are summarized in the present review. The main conclusion of this review is that well-designed, large-scale, long-term studies are needed to truly understand the role fruit and vegetable consumption or their bioactive compounds have in atherosclerosis.

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