scholarly journals Factors affecting the voluntary intake of grass

1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Campling
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Voluntary Intake

The effect of the reproductive state and concentrate supplementation on ruminal outflow rates of digesta in ewes

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 124-124
Author(s):  
J. F. Pérez ◽  
J. Gasa ◽  
C. Castrillo ◽  
C. Rubio ◽  
J. A. Guada
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Simultaneous Action ◽  
Reproductive State ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Ruminant Animal ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Utilization of low quality roughage is fundamentally limited by its low energy content and low voluntary intake when fed to the ruminant animal; these being mainly determined by the simultaneous action of degradation in and outflow rates through the reticulum-rumen. While factors affecting rumen degradation rate are extensively described in bibliography, those related with rumen digesta outflow are not clear enough.The objective of this study was to study the effect of the reproductive state and the level of concentrate supplementation upon ruminal outflow rates of digesta in ewes fed on straw based diets.

A study of factors affecting the voluntary intake of food by cattle

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Long Form ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Net Energy Intake ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Gut Fill

SUMMARYSix diets providing ratios of concentrate to hay of 100 : 0, 95 : 5, 90 : 10, 80 : 20, 70 : 30 and 60 : 40 were given ad libitum to 24 British Friesian steers. The hay (in the long form) was offered separately from the concentrates. From 91 to 136 kg live weight, as the proportion of hay in the diet increased, daily dry-matter intake decreased. Over the weight range, 136 to 363 kg live weight, the addition of small amounts of hay to the concentrate diet caused an increase in intake. At 42 weeks of age a digestibility trial was carried out. Daily drymatter intake was maximal when the diet contained 80% concentrates. The apparent digestibility and mean retention time of the diets increased as the proportion of concentrates increased. Differences in estimated gut fill were not significant. The diet consisting of concentrate only resulted in the lowest concentration of acetic acid and the highest concentration of propionic and butyric acids in the rumen liquor. Net-energy intake tended to increase as the proportion of concentrates increased from 60 to 90% but then remained fairly constant.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the voluntary intake of food by sheep

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Grovum ◽  
H. W. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Acid Salt ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Sham Feeding ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Voluntary Intake

1. Sheep with oesophageal fistulas were sham-fed on pelleted lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay to assess the palatability of added chemicals representing the tastes of sweet (sucrose), sour (hydrochloric acid), salt (sodium chloride), bitter (urea) and umami (monosodium glutamate; MSG).2. Plain pellets and four concentrations of each chemical were sham-fed for 30 min after 5·5 h deprivation in 5x5 Latin-square experiments following a period of adaptation feeding.3. Sucrose, at concentrations of 15–120 g/kg air-dried pellets, depressed intakes with a linear relation between intake (I; g) and concentration (C; g/kg): I = 1001-3·42C.4. HCl at 6·25–25·0 g/kg pellets had no effect on sham intakes but at 50 g/kg reduced them by 50% of control (P < 0·05).5. NaCl at 50–200 g/kg increased sham intakes by 26% (P < 0·01) with no evidence of a dose-related effect.6. Urea at 10–80 g/kg decreased sham intakes by 26·9% (P < 0·01) with no evidence of a dose-related effect.7. MSG at 5–40 g/kg in two experiments increased sham intakes by 16·1 and 40·8% (P < 0·05). In another experiment at 1-8 g/kg there wasno significant effect.8. When palatability and post-ingestive effects are separated by sham-feeding, the effect of added chemicals on intake may be completely different from when they are ingestednormally (e.g. NaCl and sucrose). This newly developed technique enables the palatabilityeffect of feed additives to be tested critically and economically.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the voluntary intake of food by cows

1962 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Freer ◽  
R. C. Campling ◽  
C. C. Balch
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Voluntary Intake

The feeding value of straw from different genotypes of barley when given to Awassi sheep

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Capper ◽  
E. F. Thomson ◽  
S. Rihawi ◽  
A. Termanini ◽  
R. Macrae
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Male Sheep

ABSTRACTBarley straw constitutes up to half of the dry-matter intake of Awassi sheep in areas of Syria where the rainfall is 200 to 350 mm. The genotype of barley planted could therefore, through the nutritive value of its straw, significantly affect flock production levels. Selection of suitable barley genotypes may have greater economic potential as a means of improving roughage feeding quality in these areas than chemical or physical processing.The voluntary intake and digestibility of the unsupplemented straw of three genotypes of barley was evaluated with Awassi castrated male sheep. The voluntary organic-matter (OM) intakes of handharvested Beecher, Arabic Abied and ER/Apam straw were 22·2, 34·7 and 27·0 g/kg M0·75 per day and OM digestibility coefficients were 0·39, 0·44 and 0·42. The factors affecting voluntary intake and digestibility appeared to be the proportions of leaf and stem. Beecher straw had less leaf and more stem than the other two genotypes. The chemical composition and in vitro cellulase digestibility of the leaf indicated that it had a higher potential feeding value than stem.ER/Apam appears to be an example of a genotype which under dry environmental conditions combines higher barley grain yields with more acceptable straw feeding value than several other genotypes evaluated.

The effect of dry matter concentration of liquid diets on the growth performance of grower-finisher pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 81-81
Author(s):  
J.D. Beal ◽  
P.H. Brooks ◽  
B.P. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Voluntary Feed Intake ◽  
Liquid Feed ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Matter Concentration ◽  
Considerable Body

There is a considerable body of information on the voluntary feed intake of pigs fed on dry diets. However, there is a paucity of information on the factors affecting feed intake of pigs fed liquid diets. Pigs have a limit to their volumetric intake and will normally maximise dry matter intake when fed dry diets, ad libitum. For pigs fed dry feed the requirement for water per unit of dry matter will be dependent upon the composition of the feed and the requirement for renal clearance of nitrogen and minerals. What is not clear, is whether presenting the feed mixed with water results in excessive water intake that produces a point loading of the stomach, which in turn limits voluntary feed intake, i.e. whether physical bulk limitations override the normal homeostatic control. Therefore, it is not possible to extrapolate from data generated with dry fed pigs and anticipate voluntary intake of pigs fed dilute liquid diets. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dry matter concentration of liquid feed on feed intake and growth performance of grower-finisher pigs.

The nutritional value of four tropical grasses when fed as chaff and pellets to sheep

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Minson ◽  
R Milford
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

Pangola (Digitaria decumbens), kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum), setaria (Setaria sphacelata), and buffel grasses (Cenchrus ciliaris) were cut at different stages of growth and artificially dried to provide ten feeds with a range of leaf percentages (13-56), nitrogen contents (0.42-3.70 per cent), and acid detergent fibre percentage (26.3-43.3). Half of each cut was chaffed and the remainder pelleted. Both pellets and chaff were fed to Merino wethers in metabolism cages. Pelleting decreased the mean digestibility of dry matter by 6.8 percentage units, nitrogen by 2.2 percentage units, and ADF by 11.5 percentage units. Pelleting increased the mean voluntary intake by sheep 47 per cent for dry matter and 27 per cent for digestible dry matter with only minor differences in response to pelleting mature and young grass. The smallest increase from pelleting was 4.1 per cent for buffel grass containing 0.42 per cent N. In grass of the same age in which the nitrogen content had been increased to 0.75 by fertilizer nitrogen, pelleting increased intake by 26.6 per cent. It was concluded that with mature tropical grasses the response to pelleting may be limited by a low nitrogen content. Pelleting may be a useful technique for eliminating the effect of physical structure when studying factors affecting the voluntary intake of pasture plants.

Frequency of feeding and form of lucerne hay as factors affecting voluntary intake, digestibility, feeding behaviour, and marker kinetics in ewes

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 801 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. de Vega ◽  
J. Gasa ◽  
J. A. Guada ◽  
C. Castrillo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Restricted Access ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Pelleted Diet

The effects of the form (chopped or ground and pelleted) of a lucerne hay, and its frequency of feeding (once daily with restricted access, twice daily, or once every 2 h) on voluntary intake, digestibility, feeding behaviour, and marker kinetics was studied on 12 Rasa Aragonesa ewe lambs. The results showed that differences between animals fed twice daily or continuously were small and only found in intake and feeding behaviour, whereas feeding once daily with restricted access to the meal resulted in a much lower dry matter and digestible organic matter intake, which in turn affected significantly both the feeding behaviour of the animals and the total mean retention time of liquid and solid markers, but did not influence digestibility coefficients. It is concluded that continuous feeding does not seem to be necessary when studies on marker kinetics based on faecal marker excretion curves are carried out in sheep fed at intake levels close to ad libitum. Grinding and pelleting resulted in a higher dry matter intake and a reduction in organic matter digestibility, which resulted in a higher digestible organic matter intake. Feeding behaviour and rate of passage of Co-EDTA were also affected, although Cr did not show any tendency to pass faster when attached to the pelleted diet.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the voluntary intake of food by sheep

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Grovum
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Polyethylene Tube ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Compensatory Feeding ◽  
Voluntary Intake

1. Sheep equipped with rumen and abomasal cannulas were given ad lib. access to ground and pelleted lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay except for periods of up to 6 h immediately before experimental sessions in which food intake was measured while various stomach compartments were either distended or subjected to tactile stimulation from a probe.2. Inserting a probe, consisting of two collapsed balloons tied onto the end of a polyethylene tube, into the reticulum depressed intake by 24% after 30 min of feeding (P < 0.025). Compensatory feeding was observed during the 30 min period immediately following removal of the probes. There were no effects of having a probe in the abomasum.3. Distension of the reticulum with 0–800 ml water in a balloon depressed intake by 0.2 g/ml after 30 min of feeding (P < 0.05). Removing the balloons from the animals allowed them to make up the deficit in intake completely within 30 min. Distending the rumen by 800 ml had no effect on intake (P < 0.05). Distending the abomasum with up to 1000 ml water in a balloon depressed intake by 0.11 g/ml after 30 min of feeding with compensatory feeding being significant (P < 0.05) but incomplete.4. Combinations of reticular distension up to 800 ml and of abomasal distension up to 1200 ml did not have additive depressing effects on intake.

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