Problem Alcohol Use in Young Australian Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie C. Reid ◽  
Obioha C. Ukoumunne ◽  
Carolyn Coffey ◽  
Maree Teesson ◽  
John B. Carlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking Status ◽  
High Risk Drinking

Objective: To examine the extent to which excessive drinking in young adults is associated with alcohol abuse and dependence. Method: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using data from the eighth wave of the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study, which comprised 1943 Victorians currently aged 24–25 years drawn from 44 secondary schools across the state in 1992. The main outcome measures of interest were short-term risk drinking status (based on daily alcohol consumption) and long-term risk drinking status (based on total weekly alcohol consumption). Results: Two out of 5 participants drank at moderate to high risk levels for short-term harm. Yet, because young people tend to drink on only 1–2 days a week, fewer (22%) were at moderate to high risk for long-term harm. Although 20% of the participants met criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence, most of those in the moderate- to high-risk drinking categories were not diagnosed with either alcohol disorder. Conclusion: Excessive alcohol use in one or two sessions a week appears to be common in young Australian adults. While short- and long-term risky drinking is more common in those with an alcohol use disorder, the majority of moderate- and high-risk drinking is done by those who do not meet criteria for an alcohol use disorder.

scholarly journals Estimating Long-Term Drinking Patterns for People with Lifetime Alcohol Use Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 765-780
Author(s):  
Carolina Barbosa ◽  
William N. Dowd ◽  
Arnie P. Aldridge ◽  
Christine Timko ◽  
Gary A. Zarkin
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Very High

Background. There is a lack of data on alcohol consumption over time. This study characterizes the long-term drinking patterns of people with lifetime alcohol use disorders who have engaged in treatment or informal care. Methods. We developed multinomial logit models using the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) to estimate short-term transition probabilities (TPs) among the 4 World Health Organization drinking risk levels (low, medium, high, and very high risk) and abstinence by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. We applied an optimization algorithm to convert 3-year TPs from NESARC to 1-year TPs, then used simulated annealing to calibrate TPs to a propensity-scored matched set of participants derived from a separate 16-year study of alcohol consumption. We validated the resulting long-term TPs using NESARC-III, a cross-sectional study conducted on a different cohort. Results. Across 24 demographic groups, the 1-year probability of remaining in the same state averaged 0.93, 0.81, 0.49, 0.51, and 0.63 for abstinent, low, medium, high, and very high-risk states, respectively. After calibration to the 16-year study data ( N = 420), resulting TPs produced state distributions that hit the calibration target. We find that the abstinent or low-risk states are very stable, and the annual probability of leaving the very high-risk state increases by about 20 percentage points beyond 8 years. Limitations. TPs for some demographic groups had small cell sizes. The data used to calibrate long-term TPs are based on a geographically narrow study. Conclusions. This study is the first to characterize long-term drinking patterns by combining short-term representative data with long-term data on drinking behaviors. Current research is using these patterns to estimate the long-term cost effectiveness of alcohol treatment.

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis uncovering the relationship between alcohol consumption and sickness absence. When type of design, data, and sickness absence make a difference

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262458
Author(s):  
Neda S. Hashemi ◽  
Jens Christoffer Skogen ◽  
Aleksandra Sevic ◽  
Mikkel Magnus Thørrisen ◽  
Silje Lill Rimstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Aim Earlier research has revealed a strong relationship between alcohol use and sickness absence. The aim of this review was to explore and uncover this relationship by looking at differences in type of design (cross-sectional vs. longitudinal), type of data (self-reported vs. registered data), and type of sickness absence (long-term vs. short term). Method Six databases were searched through June 2020. Observational and experimental studies from 1980 to 2020, in English or Scandinavian languages reporting the results of the association between alcohol consumption and sickness absence among working population were included. Quality assessment, and statistical analysis focusing on differences in the likelihood of sickness absence on subgroup levels were performed on each association, not on each study. Differences in the likelihood of sickness absence were analyzed by means of meta-analysis. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018112078. Results Fifty-nine studies (58% longitudinal) including 439,209 employees (min. 43, max. 77,746) from 15 countries were included. Most associations indicating positive and statistically significant results were based on longitudinal data (70%) and confirmed the strong/causal relationship between alcohol use and sickness absence. The meta-analysis included eight studies (ten samples). The increased risk for sickness absence was likely to be found in cross-sectional studies (OR: 8.28, 95% CI: 6.33–10.81), studies using self-reported absence data (OR: 5.16, 95% CI: 3.16–8.45), and those reporting short-term sickness absence (OR: 4.84, 95% CI: 2.73–8.60). Conclusion This review supports, but also challenges earlier evidence on the association between alcohol use and sickness absence. Certain types of design, data, and types of sickness absence may produce large effects. Hence, to investigate the actual association between alcohol and sickness absence, research should produce and review longitudinal designed studies using registry data and do subgroup analyses that cover and explain variability of this association.

scholarly journals Alcohol use in schizophrenia: prevalence, patterns, correlates and clinical outcomes in Goa, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Rane ◽  
Abhijit Nadkarni ◽  
Jaiprada Kanekar ◽  
Wenona Fernandes ◽  
Hirabai A. Borker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

Aims and methodTo explore the patterns of alcohol consumption and its impact on clinical outcomes in schizophrenia in low- and middle-income countries. We performed a cross-sectional survey of 315 patients with schizophrenia and calculated the prevalence of alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder. The patients' sociodemographic profiles and clinical outcomes, including Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores, were compared between abstainers and drinkers using the χ2- andt-tests.ResultsThe 1-year prevalence of drinking, hazardous drinking and alcohol dependence was 16.8% (95% CI 12.9–21.4), 5.7% (95% CI 3.4–8.9) and 2.5% (95% CI 1.1–4.9), respectively. Male gender, single or post-marital status, higher education and being economically active were significantly associated with alcohol consumption. Alcohol drinkers were significantly more likely to be on combination psychotropics compared with abstainers. The mean total BPRS score was significantly lower in alcohol drinkers compared with abstainers. Drinking alcohol was associated with fewer deficit symptoms.Clinical implicationsCultural settings have a significant impact on the prevalence of alcohol use disorder in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of 12-Month Alcohol Use, High-Risk Drinking, and DSM-IV Alcohol Use Disorder in the United States, 2001-2002 to 2012-2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget F. Grant ◽  
S. Patricia Chou ◽  
Tulshi D. Saha ◽  
Roger P. Pickering ◽  
Bradley T. Kerridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
High Risk Drinking

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption in China Before and During COVID-19: Preliminary Results From an Online Retrospective Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfei Wang ◽  
Heli Lu ◽  
Maorong Hu ◽  
Shiyou Wu ◽  
Jianhua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Hazardous Drinking ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Risky Drinking ◽  
Retrospective Survey ◽  
High Risk Drinking

Background: Alcohol is an important aspect of Chinese culture, and alcohol use has been traditionally accepted in China. People with stress, anxiety, and depression may use more alcohol. More people reported symptoms of anxiety and depression during the outbreak of COVID-19. Thus, people may drink more alcohol during the outbreak of COVID-19 than before COVID-19.Methods: An online retrospective survey was conducted on a total sample of 2,229 participants. Drinking behaviors before and during COVID-19, current risky drinking and hazardous drinking, and the association between high-risk drinking and mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress) were assessed via self-reported measures on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS−21).Results: This study found that, compared with before COVID-19, alcohol consumption was slightly decreased during COVID-19 (from 3.5 drinks to 3.4 drinks, p = 0.035) in the overall sample. Most (78.7%) alcohol drinkers were males. Before and during COVID-19, males consumed more drinks per week (4.2 and 4.0 vs. 1.3 and 1.2 drinks), had a higher percentage of heavy drinking (8.1 and 7.7% vs. 4.4 and 2.7%), and more drinking days per week (2.1 and 2.1 vs. 1.0 and 0.9 days). Males also had more risky drinking (43.2 vs. 9.3%) and hazardous drinking (70.2 vs. 46.6%) than female counterparts. This study also found that high-risk drinking predicted anxiety in females.Conclusions: This study suggests a slight reduction in alcohol consumption during COVID-19. However, hazardous drinking is common, especially among male alcohol drinkers. Males consumed more alcohol, had more risky and hazardous drinking than female counterparts both before and during COVID-19. Public health policy makers should pay more attention to developing effective, population-based strategies to prevent harmful alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Evaluation of neurotrophic factors and education level as predictors of cognitive decline in alcohol use disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerea Requena-Ocaña ◽  
Pedro Araos ◽  
María Flores ◽  
Nuria García-Marchena ◽  
Daniel Silva-Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractCognitive reserve (CR) is the capability of an individual to cope with a brain pathology through compensatory mechanisms developed through cognitive stimulation by mental and physical activity. Recently, it has been suggested that CR has a protective role against the initiation of substance use, substance consumption patterns and cognitive decline and can improve responses to treatment. However, CR has never been linked to cognitive function and neurotrophic factors in the context of alcohol consumption. The present cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the association between CR (evaluated by educational level), cognitive impairment (assessed using a frontal and memory loss assessment battery) and circulating levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Our results indicated that lower educational levels were accompanied by earlier onset of alcohol consumption and earlier development of alcohol dependence, as well as impaired frontal cognitive function. They also suggest that CR, NT-3 and BDNF may act as compensatory mechanisms for cognitive decline in the early stages of AUD, but not in later phases. These parameters allow the identification of patients with AUD who are at risk of cognitive deterioration and the implementation of personalized interventions to preserve cognitive function.

scholarly journals Personality, Affectivity, and Alexithymia in Scuba Diving: Two Types of Risk Taking

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-270
Author(s):  
Agnès Bonnet ◽  
Vincent Bréjard ◽  
Jean-Louis Pedinielli
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Scuba Diving ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scuba Divers ◽  
Affective Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Objectives for this study were, first, to describe individual differences in risk taking among scuba divers. Differences were examined on personality dimensions and psycho-affective variables, including positive and negative affect, as well as alexithymia. In addition, the study examined contributors to two types of behavior associated with scuba diving—deliberate risk taking and controlled participation in a high-risk sport (non-risk-taking). A cross-sectional design was used, and 131 participants were assessed on extraversion-neuroticism, affectivity, and alexithymia. The broad dimensions of personality and affectivity explained risk taking among divers. Alexithymia differentially predicted two types of risktaking behavior (direct or short-term and indirect or long-term) and was associated significantly with short-term risk-taking behavior.

scholarly journals Prevalence and pattern of alcohol consumption using alcohol use disorder identification test among students at a medicalcollege in Goa, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yash Jairam Verenkar ◽  
Frederick Satiro Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Social Issue ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Disorder Identification

Background: Alcohol use is a complex health and social issue, especially in developing countries like India and in particular the western Indian state of Goa moreover, adolescents are usually more vulnerable to alcohol-related harm from a same volume of alcohol compared to other age group individuals.Methods: A cross-sectional design was conducted over a period of two months in Goa medical college, Goa. Students pursuing the MBBS Course in all semesters for the academic year 2015-16 were the study partici pants. Data was collected by interviewing the students. The pre-tested structured questionnaire used to collect the data. Alcohol consumption pattern was assessed using alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT). Approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Medical College. Informed written consent was obtained from the participant prior to the interview. SPSS Software Package was used for statistical analysis.Results: Prevalence of alcohol consumption was found to be 39.4%. Prevalence among females was higher (40.6%) compared to Males (38%). Among the alcohol consumers 82.3% were light drinkers (AUDIT <8) while 17.7% were identified as heavy drinkers. Hazardous alcohol consumption was identified in 46.7% of alcohol consumers. 20.9% of alcohol consumers showed signs of alcohol dependence.Conclusions: Awareness of ill effects of alcohol consumption, counselling to deal with stress related to studies, negotiating peer pressure etc. need to be the possible solutions to address this health and social issue of alcohol use among young adults.

Preventing High-Risk Drinking among College Students: A Social Marketing Case Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tavis J. Glassman ◽  
Virginia Dodd ◽  
Eleanor Maureen Miller ◽  
Robert E. Braun
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Drinking And Driving ◽  
The Social ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
High Risk Drinking

Investigators implemented a social marketing intervention to reduce alcohol consumption at a large university in the southeastern United States. The objective was to decrease high-risk drinking and drinking and driving and to change the perception that alcohol use increases sexual opportunities among college students. Formative research revealed that high-risk college students associate undesirable social consequences with excessive drinking (e.g., embarrassing oneself, annoying peers, offending the other sex, or burdening friends). An intervention was developed in which the product was avoiding the social stigma associated with excessive alcohol consumption. Promotional materials illustrating the social repercussions associated with excessive alcohol use and promoting the advantages of moderating one's drinking were disseminated in popular student venues; price was raised by increased law enforcement; and place was addressed by providing alcohol-free alternative activities. Evaluation included a time-series design in which students completed an anonymous online standard alcohol and drug survey and reviewing campus records of drinking under the influence (DUI) citations, alcohol-related judicial violations, and emergency department transports for alcohol overdose. Self-reported high-risk drinking, drinking and driving, and the perception that alcohol facilitates sexual opportunity rates decreased 33%, 45%, and 21%, respectively. DUI violations, alcohol-related judicial violations, and student transports to the emergency department for alcohol overdose decreased 13%, 28%, and 37%, respectively. Programmatic goals and objectives were met. Social marketing interventions appear to be a promising and cost-effective means to reduce high-risk drinking and the associated consequences among college students. Addressing social ramifications appears to be more motivating than conveying the prevalence of high-risk drinking.

scholarly journals Functional-Belief-Based Alcohol Use Questionnaire (FBAQ) as a Pre-Screening Tool for High-Risk Drinking Behaviors among Young Adults: A Northern Thai Cross-Sectional Survey Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1536
Author(s):  
Nalinee Yingchankul ◽  
Wichuda Jiraporncharoen ◽  
Chanapat Pateekhum ◽  
Surin Jiraniramai ◽  
Kanittha Thaikla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Standard Drink ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Drinking

Background: an alcohol-use disorders identification test (AUDIT) is a standard screening tool for high-risk drinking behavior. Standard drink calculation is difficult to comprehend and may lead to inaccurate estimates. This study intended to develop a practical pre-screening tool for the identification of high-risk drinkers among young adults. Methods: a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Northern Thailand from July 2016 to December 2016. Data was collected on relevant characteristics and health beliefs about drinking. The 12-month AUDIT was used as the reference standard. Logistic regression was used for the score derivation. The discriminative ability was measured with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC). Result: a total of 1401 young adults were included. Of these, 791 people (56.5%) were current drinkers. Three functional-belief items were identified as independent predictors of high-risk drinking and were used to develop the functional-belief-based alcohol-use questionnaire (FBAQ). The FBAQ demonstrated an acceptable discriminative ability—AuROC 0.74 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70, 0.77). Conclusion: The FBAQ contains only three simple belief questions and does not require unintelligible standard drink calculation. Implementing the FBAQ score and the AUDIT in a serial manner might be a more effective method in a mass-screening program for alcohol-use disorder in young adults.

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