Hungarian cultural autonomy in Vojvodina from the 1974 Socialist Constitution to the 2009 Statute of Autonomy: path dependence dynamics against the reversal of minority policies

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonas Tolvaišis
Keyword(s):  
Path Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Cultural Autonomy ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Policy Domain ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
Autonomous Province ◽  
Minority Policies

Applying a historical institutionalist theoretical perspective to the ethnic minority policy domain, the article attempts to explain why state policies toward minorities may be difficult to reverse once introduced. Focusing on a case study of the cultural status of the Vojvodina Hungarian minority in Serbia, the article attempts to find out the forms taken by self-reinforcing dynamics associated with minority-related policies, once they are de-institutionalized. The paper deals with the evolution of the concept of Hungarian cultural autonomy in Vojvodina in the context of the transition from the socialist framework of minority rights protection, applied in the Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina under the 1974 Constitution, to the system established by the Law on National Councils of National Minorities and the Statute of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina adopted in 2009, after the interim period of state centralization in the 1990s. The Vojvodina case study exemplifies the costs faced by governments aspiring to reverse these policies and allows the identification of path-dependent factors behind the collective action processes related to the main principles of these policies, and conditions that allow these principles to outlive the abolishment of respective institutional arrangements, persist across radical political and social changes over time, and re-emerge at later historical stages, in new institutional settings.

scholarly journals Re-orienting the paradigm: path dependence in FDI theory and the emerging multinationals

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Knoerich
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Multinational Enterprise ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Emerging Multinationals ◽  
Path Dependent

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze how path dependence in the evolution of major theories of foreign direct investment (FDI) locked in a theoretical perspective of the multinational enterprise that focused on asset-exploitation. This perspective is challenged by recent contradicting observations of multinationals from China and other emerging economies. A decisive re-orientation of FDI theory is proposed as a way forward to resolve this tension. Design/methodology/approach Placing FDI theories into the context of FDI patterns prevailing at the time they were developed, Thomas Kuhn’s framework on the evolution of scientific knowledge is employed to track how the mainstream FDI theory emerged, went through a period of normal science and then approached a crisis of science in this field. Findings The evolution of FDI theory is strongly path-dependent, which made it difficult for theory to effectively incorporate new conceptual discoveries and empirical findings about the nature of FDI activity. Originality/value FDI theory would benefit from a full re-orientation to a demand-oriented perspective which places the pursuit of advantages, assets, resources, etc., at the core of the theory. Such a change is implicit in many recent theoretical advances and would assure theory is generalizable to all types of FDI.

Field burning practices in a southern region of Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-447
Author(s):  
Roberto Birch Gonçalves ◽  
Eric Charles Henri Dorion ◽  
Cristine Hermann Nodari ◽  
Fernanda Lazzari ◽  
Pelayo Munhoz Olea
Keyword(s):  
Path Dependence ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Environmental Laws ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
Cultural Reality ◽  
Path Dependent Process ◽  
Field Burning

Purpose – The practice of field burning has been used for many years in the south regions of Brazil as an ideal way to maintain pastures. The purpose of this paper is to understand if such activity is logically explicable or if it is the result of a cultural reality, being “prisoner” of this technique because of path dependence, within the paradigm of the path dependence theory. Design/methodology/approach – This present research is exploratory. The use of cases study was the most appropriate technique to explore the field burning practices and their impact in this specific region of Brazil, while describing its context, for which limits are not clearly defined. Thus, this research carries out a multi-case study that provides a greater perception than a single case and has an identical methodological structure. Findings – This paper analyzed the reasons why the producers insist with the procedure and identified these reasons are not merely economical. The study demonstrates a clear path dependent process and it became obvious that once the technique is part of the family use history, it anchors a strong conviction that field burning is actually the best technique to be used for land maintenance. Research limitations/implications – This work suggests a need for other specific researches to substantially complement field burning practices to other phenomenon. Practical implications – The fact that alternative techniques are rejected, giving priority to field burning, it may suggest that other situations and practices may be tied to inadequate or less profitable technologies as well (milk, confined raising, pasturing). The study raises the question on the validity of such practice as a paradigm of reason and pragmatism, or as a “Platoons Cavern” in which they are “trapped” in their decision process developed over time. Originality/value – Presence and implications of environmental laws, which tend to be observed by the producers much more because they fear punishment than because they really understand the benefits of its application; showing the government’s failure in teaching and informing the producers about environmental laws.

scholarly journals Path Dependence in Settlement Processes: Explaining Settlement in Northern Ireland

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ruane ◽  
Jennifer Todd
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
Power Perception ◽  
The Impact

The recent literature on path dependence provides a model that can be used in explanation of ethnic conflict and settlement processes. Using Northern Ireland as a case study, this article identifies path dependent patterns of conflict embedded in long-term processes of political development whose change may interrupt these patterns. It highlights the importance of long-term state trajectories in constituting and reproducing these patterns, the generation of ‘endogenous’ processes of change and the impact of wider geopolitical processes in strengthening these. It shows how and why factors such as power, perception, networks and institutions vary in their impact on conflict and explains when they work together to produce settlement.

Path Dependence and the Roots of Interorganizational Relationship Challenges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Sedgwick ◽  
Laura S Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Development ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Public Programs ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
Barriers To Collaboration ◽  
Path Dependence Theory ◽  
Theoretical Developments

Abstract Governance today often requires concerted action by multiple organizations operating within and across sectors. Although scholars fruitfully have assayed many factors that facilitate or constrain interorganizational collaboration, the extant literature largely ignores the ways in which historical patterns of policy and organizational development may figure in present-day obstacles to collaboration. This is unfortunate, for such obstacles may result from path dependence and, thus, be particularly ingrained and resistant to change. In this article, we detail recent advances in the path dependency theory, then illustrate our argument with a case study of path-dependent barriers to collaboration between two public programs pressed to work together after decades of deliberately separate operation. The case confirms the utility of new theoretical developments, yet also suggests necessary clarifications and refinements. Though aspects of path dependence theory should be reexamined, we argue that it is ripe for use by scholars of public management concerned with barriers to collaboration and other contemporary governance challenges.

scholarly journals Delineation of the Path Dependence in Development of Central Business Districts (CBD) in Turkey's Kayseri

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Neşe Yılmaz Bakır
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Central Business Districts ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
Business District

This article examines the demolition-oriented restructuring relationship during urban development processes in the case study of the central business district in Kayseri (Turkey) by systematically analysing externally-conditioned events and trajectories. This transformation, characterised by changing periods of development and the analysis of the actors who are particularly active in the process, is explored through the socio-spatial developments in Kayseri. In this study, this has been expounded through the concept of path dependence, which states that current conditions are more dependent on past events and those past events lead to today's results. The decisions on the historically contingent periods and three critical junctures identified in the study were found to have been maintained until the next stage and strengthened by following the path-dependent tendency.

Complex Causal Relations and Case Study Methods: The Example of Path Dependence

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Bennett ◽  
Colin Elman
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Omitted Variables ◽  
Current Path ◽  
Holistic Analysis ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
Causal Complexity ◽  
Case Study Methods

This article discusses the application of qualitative methods in analyzing causal complexity. In particular, the essay reviews how process tracing and systematic case comparisons can address path-dependent explanations. The article unpacks the concept of path dependence and its component elements of causal possibility, contingency, closure of alternatives, and constraints to the current path. The article then reviews four strengths that case studies bring to the study of path dependence: offering a detailed and holistic analysis of sequences in historical cases, being suitable for the study of rare events, facilitating the search for omitted variables that might lie behind contingent events, and allowing for the study of interaction effects within one or a few cases.

Democratization in Serbia: An Analysis of Rational Choice and Structuralist Explanations

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunja Apostolov-Dimitrijevic
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Transitional Societies ◽  
The Face

This paper explains political democratization in Post-Milosevic Serbia, utilizing two different accounts of the democratization process: one rooted in the rational choice framework and the other in structuralism. While rational choice explains the decisive role of political leadership in overcoming path dependence, the structuralist explanations show the transnational linkages that encourage democratization in the face of domestic setbacks. This particular debate between the two types of explanations represents the larger debate concerning the role of internal factors and external linkages in propelling democratization in transitional societies. The paper concludes by integrating the two sets of explanations offered by each theoretical perspective, in order to develop a coherent understanding of Serbia's democratization.   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v9i1.240

Compassion Fatigue: A Nurse’s Primer

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Lombardo ◽  
Caryl Eyre
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Compassion Fatigue ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Workplace Environment

Most nurses enter the field of nursing with the intent to help others and provide empathetic care for patients with critical physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual needs. Empathic and caring nurses, however, can become victims of the continuing stress of meeting the often overwhelming needs of patients and their families, resulting in compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue affects not only the nurse in terms of job satisfaction and emotional and physical health, but also the workplace environment by decreasing productivity and increasing turnover. We begin this article with a case study of a reactive nurse who did not seek help for her continuing stress. This is followed by a review of Watson’s theoretical perspective related to compassion fatigue. Next we delineate symptoms of, and describe interventions for addressing compassion fatigue. We conclude by presenting a case study of a proactive nurse who avoided developing compassion fatigue and a discussion of future research needed to better prevent and ameliorate compassion fatigue.

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