Apis melliferaandMegachile rotundata: a comparison of behaviour and seed yield in a hybrid carrot seed crop

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Davidson ◽  
RC Butler ◽  
BG Howlett
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Carrot Seed

Harvesting sugar-beet seed

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Longden
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Viable Seed ◽  
Chlormequat Chloride ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
The One

SummaryComparisons of the effects of harvesting sugar-beet seed by the traditional method of tripodding with barn drying, swathing followed by threshing with a pick-up combine or desiccation with diquat followed by direct combine harvesting showed that there were no consistent or large effects on seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution. Thus the best method will be the one which is easiest and/or cheapest, which at present is swathing followed by pick-up combine threshing.Sprays of NAA or 2,4,5-T at 10 or 100 mg a.i./l water before or after flowering had no effect on seed yield or germination and efforts to restrict the loss by shedding of large viable seed failed. Neither chemical decreased germination percentage by setting parthenocarpic seed. Attempts were made to dwarf the 2 m high seed crop to make it suitable for direct combine harvesting. Daminozide sprayed at 1000, 5000 or 10000 mg a.i./l water before or after the winter did not affect plant height, seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution. Chlormequat chloride applied similarly dwarfed plants by up to 18% but this was not enough to give a crop less than 1 m high suitable for direct combine harvesting. It did not affect seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution. Ethephon sprayed at 10, 100 or 1000 mg a.i./l water when plants were bolting had no detected effects. Chlorflurecolmethyl was sprayed at 10 or 100 before bolting or 1, 10 or 100 mg a.i./l water afterwards. Plants sprayed with the 100 mg/1 solution were dwarfed to less than 1 m high but the treatment was unsuccessful because it greatly reduced seed yield and germination; monogermity was not affected but a much greater proportion of seed fell into the small size grades.

Effects of method, rate and time of application of nitrogen fertilizer on seed production of tall fescue

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Fairey ◽  
L. P. Lefkovitch
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
N Application ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Grass Seed ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Clean Seed

The production of seed of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) provides an opportunity to diversify the agriculture of the Peace region with a new, un-subsidized, soil-conserving, cash-crop. Nitrogen fertility and nutrition are major components of the production of any grass-seed crop. A field study was conducted on the nitrogen (N) fertilizer requirements for optimizing seed yield and quality of tall fescue grown in the Peace region. Row-crop stands (30-cm spacing) were established at four sites in two consecutive seeding years (1993 and 1994), with two consecutive seed crops being harvested from each stand. A total of 18 N fertilizer treatments was applied to the first seed crop, a factorial combination of two methods (surface-broadcast, granular, ammonium nitrate 34–0–0, and soil-injected 28–0–0 solution), three times (early- to mid-September, early- to mid-October, and early- to mid-April prior to the first seed harvest), and three rates (50, 100, and 150 kg ha−1 N). The second seed crop received 68 kg ha−1 of surface-broadcast N applied in mid-September after removal of the harvest crop residue. Seed yield and quality were not affected by the time of N application. When compared with broadcast application, soil-injection of N fertilizer significantly reduced whole-plant dry matter (DM) yield and seed yield/seedhead by 7 and 9%, respectively, but the two methods of N application had no differential effect on clean seed yield ha−1, fertile tiller density, harvest index, thousand-seed weight, specific seed weight, germination, or on the proportion of clean seed. When compared with N at 50 kg ha−1, whole-plant DM yield was increased by 6 and 8%, and clean seed yield/seedhead by 15 and 14%, with the 100 and 150 kg ha−1 rates of N, respectively. The first- and second-year seed yields averaged 1319 and 952 kg ha−1, respectively, for the 1993 seeding year, and 1630 and 716 kg ha−1, respectively, for the 1994 seeding year. The cumulative seed productivity over the 2 production years was similar for the two seeding years, being 2271 kg ha−1 for 1993 and 2346 kg ha−1 for 1994. Each seed crop of tall fescue requires an available N supply from the soil in the range of 100 to 150 kg ha−1 N to maximize seed yield and quality. Key words: Tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreber, nitrogen fertility, grass seed production, grass seed quality

scholarly journals Planting Time Effect on Quality Seed Production of Three Varieties of Carrot (Daucus Carota L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Lutfunnahar ◽  
MF Hossain ◽  
MA Malek ◽  
R Kamrunnahar ◽  
J Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Cool Temperature ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Carrot Seed

Crop management like planting time is a crucial factor for maximizing yield especially for seed production. Seed production of carrot is greatly influenced by temperature as it requires adequate periods of cool temperature (vernalization) for flowering and seed production. To find out optimum planting time of carrot steckling for quality seed production the experiment was conducted at the Field Laboratory of Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October 2015 to May 2016.Three planting time viz. 05 January, 15 January and 25 January on the seed production of three carrot varieties viz. BA (Brasillia Agroflora), PA (Prima Agroflora) and NK (New Kuroda) which constituted 9 treatment combinations were included in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Planting time had significant effect on most of the parameters studied. The January 05 planting of steckling gave the highest seed yield (527.92 kg ha-1) and the lowest was in January 25 planting of steckling (314.75 kg ha-1). Among the varieties BA gave the highest seed yield (448.73 kg ha-1) and the lowest yield for New Kuroda (395.35 kgha-1.) Considering interaction of planting time and variety the highest seed yield (572.37 kg ha-1) was obtained from the treatment combination of early planting (05 January) with the variety of BA and the lowest (279.77 kg ha-1) was recorded from the late planting (25 January) in variety PA. Hence, BA carrot variety planting on 5 January may be recommended for carrot seed production in Mymensingh region in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 23-34

Effects of water and nitrogen on seed production of creeping red fescue

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Fairey
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Seed Crops

In order to address a paucity of information, a study was conducted in the Peace River region of northwestern Canada to determine the effects on seed production of creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L. var. rubra) of six water treatments [natural precipitation and 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200% of the average, cumulative, long-term precipitation (LTP) of 459 mm yr-1] in combination with four N-fertilization regimes (zero + 102, 34 + 68, 68 + 34, and 102 + zero kg ha-1 N for the first + second crops, respectively). The 2-yr seed yield exceeded 2900 kg ha-1 when N was supplied to just one of the two seed crops, viz. with 150 to 200% LTP when N was applied only to the first seed crop, and with 125 to 150% LTP when N was applied only to the second seed crop. Under the prevailing, long-term, moisture environment at the study site (100% LTP), total seed yield over two production years was greatest (2136 kg ha-1) with 68 + 34 kg ha-1 N. The effects of the water and N treatments on seed yield were not associated with the mass of root organic matter recovered after the harvest of the second seed crop. These results confirm, and begin to quantify, numerous visual observations in the Peace River region that seed yields of creeping red fescue are restricted by insufficient precipitation. Key words: Creeping red fescue, Festuca rubra, grass seed production, nitrogen fertility, water, soil moisture

scholarly journals Potential of Honeybee Brood Pheromone to Enhance Foraging and Yield in Hybrid Carrot Seed

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh R. Sagili ◽  
Carolyn R. Breece ◽  
Rhonda Simmons ◽  
John H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Significant Preference ◽  
Brood Pheromone ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Bee Foraging ◽  
Carrot Seed ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Acid Esters

Honeybee (Apis mellifera) brood pheromone is a blend of 10 fatty acid esters that stimulates worker pollen foraging, protein biosynthesis in the brood food-producing glands of nurse bees and queen oviposition. In separate experiments conducted in central Oregon, we tested the hypotheses that treatment of honeybee colonies with brood pheromone would stimulate increased bee foraging in hybrid carrot (Daucus carota) seed fields, and that in turn would result in increased seed yield. For both experiments, in each replicate, all honeybee colonies placed at one field were treated with brood pheromone, and those in a control field were not treated with brood pheromone. A total of 123,720 bee visits to flowers was recorded. For both sexes of flower, there were significantly more bee visits in fields in which colonies were treated with brood pheromone than in control fields (P < 0.05). There was also a significant preference for male flowers over female flowers (P < 0.05) by bees in the fields where colonies received brood pheromone when compared with control fields. Mean yields in fields pollinated by colonies treated with brood pheromone and those that were not treated with brood pheromone were 325.2 and 280.8 kg·ha−1, respectively. Mean percentage yield was significantly higher in fields where honeybee colonies received brood pheromone when compared with control fields that had colonies without brood pheromone (P < 0.01). Our results suggest that brood pheromone has the potential to increase honeybee foraging and seed yield in hybrid carrot seed crop.

scholarly journals Effects of Variety and Growing Condition on Yield and Quality of Carrot Seed

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
MA Malek ◽  
D Mohammed ◽  
M Sikdar ◽  
MS Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Carrot Seed ◽  
Growing Conditions

Different varieties of carrot and growing conditions of stecklings showed highly significant influence all most all the parameters studied. The highest seed yield (1321.53 kg/ha) was recorded from Brasilia Agroflora and the quality of seed (germination 83.20% and seed vigour index 12.21) was produced from the same variety, while the lowest seed yield (1193.70 kg/ha) and germination (79.42%) were obtained from New Kuroda. The net covered stecklings were recorded the highest seed yield (1495.33 kg/ha) and the quality of seed (germination 86.93% and seed vigour index 13.17) was produced from the same condition, while the lowest seed yield (1047.14 kg/ha) and germination (75.77%) were obtained from polythene covered stecklings. In case of combined effect, the highest seed yield (1576.07 kg/ha) was recorded from Brasilia Agroflora with net covered stecklings and that of the lowest (1000.10 kg/ha) from New Kuroda with polythene covered stecklings.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14834 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 301-306 2012

scholarly journals Effect of pulse sprout spray as a foliar nutrition to enhance seed yield and quality in barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea l.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-400
Author(s):  
N. Nandha Kumar ◽  
S. Lakshmi ◽  
S. Sathya
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Barnyard Millet ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Horse Gram ◽  
Echinochloa Frumentacea

Millets are rich in valuable nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fibre, minerals and vitamins. The uninterrupted and disproportionate use of chemical fertilizers over a longer period has resulted in deterioration of soil health and reduced yield.  Foliar spray is a very easy way to supply valuable nutrients to plants. With this background, an experiment was conducted to see the effect of pulse sprout extract spray as a foliar spray on the seed crop Barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea L.). The seed crop given foliar treatment with 2% horse gram pulse sprout extract spray recorded higher growth attributes namely plant height (172.8 cm), total chlorophyll content (1.560 mg/g) and yield attributes viz., seed yield per plant (26.5 g), seed yield per plot (2.54 kg), seed yield per hectare (2506 kg), 1000 seed weight (3.28 g), quality parameters viz., germination (89%), vigour index (2461) and biochemical parameters of resultant seeds in both kharif and rabi seasons. The crop given with foliar nutrition of 2% horse gram sprout extract spray showed a low number of days to flower initiation (45 days) and 50% flowering (54 days) when compared to control followed by 2% cowpea sprout extract. Hence it was hypothesized that application of the nutrient extract from the sprouted pulses in the form of foliar spray would enable better crop growth and productivity of Barnyard millet.

scholarly journals Use of a reproduction practice by a whole ear in winter wheat primary seed farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Sergey Krivosheev ◽  
Vasiliy Shumakov ◽  
Alexander Shumakov
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
First Year ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Variable Feature ◽  
Kursk Region

The article presents the results of field and laboratory studies from 2017 to 2020, on the basis of which a comprehensive assessment was given for the study of various sowing patterns (2, 3, 4, 5 ears/run.m with a width of interspaces of 45 cm) with a whole unfinished ear of winter soft wheat of the Lgovskaya 4 variety 4 in the nursery for testing offsprings of the first year in Kursk Region. It was found that when selecting whole ears by size, it is necessary to take into account the weight of grain in the ears, as the most variable feature. Inside the ear, a large density of plants was noted, which significantly reduced the nutritional area compared to the extreme plants in the ear. Plants inside the ear had similar conditions for nutrition and development in all sowing patterns. Extreme plants in the ear due to the larger food area were in better conditions. Productive bushiness decreased with thickening of crops with ears from 2.1 to 1.6 stems/plant. The density of the cenosis and yield, on the contrary, increased by 85% and 60.4%, respectively. The best conditions for the formation of a full-value seed crop were developed at 4 ears/lin.m, since maximum indicators were noted: the survival rate of plants from the ears was 84.1%, the yield of conditioned seeds was 93%, the germination energy was 95%, the smallest number of rejected families was 19%. The use of a compacted sowing pattern of 4 ears/lin.m in the first-year offspring testing nursery increased seed yield by 75% compared to the control.

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