The Mental Health Well-Being of Grandparents Raising Grandchildren: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND Among the general public there appears to be a growing need and interest in receiving digital mental health and well-being support. In response to this, a number of mental health apps (MHapps) are becoming available for monitoring, managing and promoting positive mental health and well-being. Thus far, the evidence supports positive outcomes when users engage with digital interventions. However, there is high variability in the theoretical base informing MHapps and the features incorporated. Such differences can have implications for the efficacy of the apps and the level of engagement among specific target population groups. Moreover, such heterogeneity may influence the extent to which the data from various MHapps can be pooled to assess the strength of the evidence. OBJECTIVE We aimed to systematically review the available research on MHapps that promote emotion regulation, positive mental health, and well-being in the general population aged 18-45. More specifically, the review aimed at providing a systematic description of the theoretical background and features of MHapps while evaluating any potential effectiveness. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of key databases; MEDLINE (via Ovid), EMBASE (via Ovid), PsycINFO (via Ovid), Web of Science, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) was conducted until January 2021. Studies were included if they described standalone mental health and well-being apps for adults without a formal mental health diagnosis. All studies were quality assessed against the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. In addition, the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (ROB-2) was used to assess randomized control trials (RCTs). Data were extracted using a modified extraction form the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews. A narrative synthesis and meta-analysis was then undertaken to address the review aims. RESULTS In total, 3156 abstracts were identified. Of these, 52 publications describing 48 MHapps met the inclusion criteria. Together the studies evaluated interventions across 15 countries. Thirty-nine RCTs were identified that suggested there is some support for the role of individual MHapps in improving and promoting mental health and well-being. Regarding pooled effect, MHapps, when compared to controls, showed a small effect for reducing mental health symptoms (k = 19, g = -0.24, 95% CI [-0.34, -0.14], p < .05) and improving well-being (k = 13, g = 0.17, 95% CI [0.05, 0.29], p < .05), and a medium effect for emotion regulation (k = 6, g = 0.49, 95% CI [0.23,0.74], p<.05). There is also a wide knowledge base of creative and innovative ways to engage users in techniques, such as mood monitoring and guided exercises. Mindfulness and Cognitive Behavioural approaches appear to be the most common among MHapp developers. Studies were generally assessed to contribute unclear or high risk of bias, or be of medium to low methodological quality. CONCLUSIONS The emerging evidence for MHapps that promote positive mental health and well-being continue to show some evidence of promise. Despite a wide range of MHapps, there are not many that specifically promote emotion regulation. However, our findings may position emotion regulation as an important mechanism for inclusion in future positive mental health and well-being MHapps. A fair proportion of the included studies were pilot or feasibility trials (k = 17, 33%), and full scale RCTs reported high attrition rates and non-diverse samples. Given the number and pace at which MHapps are being released, further robust research is warranted to inform the development and testing of evidence-based programs. CLINICALTRIAL Mia Eisenstadt, Elisa Infanti, Shaun Liverpool. Characteristics and effectiveness of mobile apps that promote emotion regulation and well-being in the general population: a systematic review protocol. PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020213051 Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020213051

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The Perinatal Mental Health of Indigenous Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0706743719877029 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 070674371987702 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sawayra Owais ◽

Mateusz Faltyn ◽

Ashley V. D. Johnson ◽

Chelsea Gabel ◽

Bernice Downey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Health Problems ◽

Indigenous Women ◽

Perinatal Mental Health ◽

Future Research ◽

Increased Risk

Objective: Although Indigenous women are exposed to high rates of risk factors for perinatal mental health problems, the magnitude of their risk is not known. This lack of data impedes the development of appropriate screening and treatment protocols, as well as the proper allocation of resources for Indigenous women. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare rates of perinatal mental health problems among Indigenous and non-Indigenous women. Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science from their inceptions until February 2019. Studies were included if they assessed mental health in Indigenous women during pregnancy and/or up to 12 months postpartum. Results: Twenty-six articles met study inclusion criteria and 21 were eligible for meta-analysis. Indigenous identity was associated with higher odds of mental health problems (odds ratio [ OR] 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 2.11). Odds were higher still when analyses were restricted to problems of greater severity ( OR 1.95; 95% CI, 1.21 to 3.16) and young Indigenous women ( OR 1.86; 95% CI, 1.51 to 2.28). Conclusion: Indigenous women are at increased risk of mental health problems during the perinatal period, particularly depression, anxiety, and substance misuse. However, resiliency among Indigenous women, cultural teachings, and methodological issues may be affecting estimates. Future research should utilize more representative samples, adapt and validate diagnostic and symptom measures for Indigenous groups, and engage Indigenous actors, leaders, and related allies to help improve the accuracy of estimates, as well as the well-being of Indigenous mothers, their families, and future generations. Trial Registration: PROSPERO-CRD42018108638.

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Prevalence of common mental health issues among migrant workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0260221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0260221

Author(s):

Siti Idayu Hasan ◽

Anne Yee ◽

Ariyani Rinaldi ◽

Adlina Aisya Azham ◽

Farizah Mohd Hairi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Well Being ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Previous literature has shown that migrant workers manifested higher common mental issues (especially depressive symptom) compared to local workers due to stressors such as financial constraint and lack of access to healthcare. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the current body of evidence for the prevalence of depression and anxiety among migrant workers as well as exploring the risk factors and the availability of social support for migrant workers. Seven electronic databases, grey literature and Google Scholar were searched for studies from 2015 to 2021 related to mental health, social support and migrant workers. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-QARI). Study heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics. Random effects meta-analysis results were presented given heterogeneity among studies. The search returned 27 articles and only seven studies were included in meta-analysis, involving 44 365 migrant workers in 17 different countries. The overall prevalence of depression and anxiety among migrant workers was 38.99% (95% CI = 0.27, 0.51) and 27.31% (95% CI = 0.06, 0.58), respectively. Factors such as age, biological (health issue, family history of psychiatric disorder), individual (poor coping skills), occupational (workplace psychosocial stressors, poor working condition, salary and benefits issue, abuse), environmental (limited access towards healthcare, duration of residence, living condition) and social factor (limited social support) were associated with a mental health outcome in migrant workers. The availability of social support for migrant workers was mainly concentrated in emotional type of support. A high prevalence of depression and anxiety was found among migrant workers across the globe. This finding warrants a collective effort by different parties in providing assistance for migrant workers to promote their mental well-being.

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The effectiveness of listening to the Holy Quran to improve mental disorders and psychological well-being: Systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44376/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alaa Abd-alrazaq ◽

Ashraf A Malkawi ◽

Ahmed H Maabreh ◽

Tanvir Alam ◽

Bridgette M Bewick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Complementary Therapy ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

Reference List ◽

Psychological Well Being

Abstract Background: Listening to the Quran is one of spiritual therapies that have been used for treating mental disorders. Many studies have been conducted to assess the effect of listening to the Quran on mental health and psychological wellbeing. Several reviews were conducted to summarise results of such evidence. However, they either focused on studies published in a certain country (Iran), focused on certain setting (intensive care unit), or were written by Persian language. Moreover, none of them synthesised results of studies statistically.Objective: The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of listening to the Quran to improve mental disorders and psychological well-being by summarizing and pooling the findings of previous literature.Methods: A systematic review was conducted to accomplish this objective. The search sources included 6 bibliographic databases (e.g., MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINHAL), the search engine “Google Scholar”, and backward and forward reference list checking of the included studies and relevant reviews. Two reviewers independently carried out the study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and quality of evidence evaluation. Results of the included studies were synthesized narratively and statistically, as appropriate.Results: Of 1724 citations retrieved, 11 studies met the eligibility criteria. Of these studies, 7 were included in meta-analysis. The evidence showed that listening to the Quran is significantly effective in improving state anxiety, trait anxiety, general anxiety, depression, stress and mental health. However, the evidence quality ranged from very low to low due to the high risk of bias, heterogeneity, and impression.Conclusion: Listening to the Quran has the potential to improve mental disorders and psychological well-being. Until high-quality studies approve its effect, health professionals and individuals should consider listening to the Quran as a complementary therapy to already available interventions. Researchers should conduct further studies to compare the effectiveness of reciting and listening to the Quran and Al-Ruqya Al-Shariya with active interventions on mental disorders and psychological well-being among Muslims and non-Muslims from different countries.

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A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mind–Body Modalities to Manage the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Era

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9101320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1320

Author(s):

Chan-Young Kwon ◽

Boram Lee

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Tai Chi ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽

General Populations

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become an unprecedented threat to humanity worldwide, including healthcare workers (HCWs). Mind–body modalities have been used to improve the mental health, well-being, quality of life, and physical health of clinical and general populations, and may also be used to improve the mental health of HCWs during COVID-19. The objective of this review is to analyze the effectiveness of mind–body modalities for the mental health of HCWs in the COVID-19 era. Six electronic bibliographic databases were comprehensively searched to find intervention studies using mind–body modalities, including meditation, mindfulness-based intervention, autogenic training, yoga, tai chi, qigong, breathing exercise, music therapy, guided imagery, biofeedback, prayer, and faith-based techniques for HCWs. All intervention studies conducted from December 2019 to August 2021 will be included. Quality assessment will be performed according to study type, and Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias tool will be used for randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). If sufficient homogeneous data from RCTs exist, a meta-analysis will be performed. Dichotomous data and continuous data are presented as risk ratios and mean differences with their 95% confidence intervals, respectively. The results of this systematic review will be disseminated through the publication of a manuscript in a peer-reviewed journal or by presentation at a conference.

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Effects of mobile mindfulness meditation on mental health of university students: Systematic review and meta-analysis (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.33882 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hong Chen ◽

Bin Chen ◽

Ting Yang

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

University Students ◽

Mindfulness Meditation ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Control Groups ◽

Registration Number ◽

Anxiety Depression

BACKGROUND Mobile mindfulness meditation (MMM) is mindfulness meditation intervention implemented by mobile devices like smart phones and apps. MMM has been used to help managing mental health of university students. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of MMM on mental health of university students in the areas of stress, anxiety, depression, mindfulness, well-being, and resilience. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of MMM on mental health of university students. An electronic literature search using the PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE from inception to July 16, 2021 was conducted to identify studies that reported the effects of MMM on stress, anxiety, depression, mindfulness, well-being, and resilience. Two reviewers retrieved articles, evaluated quality and extracted data independently. The methodological quality of the selected studies was determined using the Cochrane criteria for risk-of-bias assessment. The RevMan Version 5.3 was used to perform meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 10 studies, including 958 university students, were selected for meta-analysis. Results showed that MMM was more effective than the control groups in decreasing stress (SMD=-0.41, 95% CI [-0.59, -0.23], P<0.0001), alleviating anxiety (SMD=-0.29, 95% CI [-0.50, -0.09], P=0.004), enhancing well-being (SMD=0.30, 95% CI [0.11, 0.50], P=0.003), and improving mindfulness (SMD=2.66, 95% CI [0.77, 4.55], P=0.006). However, there was no difference between MMM and the control groups in depression (SMD=-0.14, 95% CI [-0.30, 0.03], P=0.11), and resilience (SMD=-0.06, 95% CI [-0.26, 0.15], P=0.59). CONCLUSIONS MMM was an effective method to reduce stress, anxiety, and to increase well-being, mindfulness of university students, further studies are needed to confirm our findings. CLINICALTRIAL review article, no trail registration number.

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Association between poor sleep for infants to two years and subsequent mental health symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Child Health Care ◽

10.1177/13674935211015085 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136749352110150

Author(s):

Beth L Mah ◽

Kate Larkings

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Mental Health Disorder ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Infant Sleep ◽

Mental Health Symptoms ◽

Health Symptoms

Sleep plays a complex bidirectional role in the life span of most mental health illness. How soon poor sleep becomes an indicator of future mental illness is unknown. Infant sleep is a complex concept which can impact greatly on both baby and family well-being. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate whether poor infant sleep to age two is associated with future mental health symptoms. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Cochrane was conducted, using PRISMA guidelines. The search resulted in 17 articles to include in this review. A combined adjusted odds ratios of 1.65 (95% CI = 1.34, 2.05) for infant sleep problems leading to subsequent mental health symptoms resulted. A variety of outcome measures for both poor infant sleep and mental health symptoms/diagnosis were used, limiting the generalisability of results. Poor sleep in infancy should be considered one of many risk factors for future mental health disorder signifying the importance of early intervention.

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