scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LCω-3PUFA) and Prostate Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik D. Alexander ◽  
Julie K. Bassett ◽  
Douglas L. Weed ◽  
Erin Cernkovich Barrett ◽  
Heather Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Interactions between Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Genetic Variation in Relation to Cancer Risk

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1647
Author(s):  
Karin Yurko-Mauro ◽  
Mary Van Elswyk ◽  
Lynn Teo
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Long Chain

This scoping review examines the interaction of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and genetic variants of various types of cancers. A comprehensive search was performed to identify controlled and observational studies conducted through August 2017. Eighteen unique studies were included: breast cancer (n = 2), gastric cancer (n = 1), exocrine pancreatic cancer (n = 1), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (n = 1), prostate cancer (n = 7) and colorectal cancer (n = 6). An additional 13 studies that focused on fish intake or at-risk populations were summarized to increase readers’ understanding of the topic based on this review, DHA and EPA interact with certain genetic variants to decrease breast, colorectal and prostate cancer risk, although data was limited and identified polymorphisms were heterogeneous. The evidence to date demonstrates that omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) may decrease cancer risk by affecting genetic variants of inflammatory pathways, oxidative stress and tumor apoptosis. Collectively, data supports the notion that once a genetic variant is identified, the benefits of a targeted, personalized therapeutic regimen that includes DHA and/or EPA should be considered.

Impact of omega-3 fatty acid DHA and EPA supplementation in pregnant or breast-feeding women on cognitive performance of children: systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Lehner ◽  
K Staub ◽  
L Aldakak ◽  
P Eppenberger ◽  
F Rühli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Introduction The omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are important for brain development and cognitive performance. Because they are semi-essential fatty acids, they must be obtained from food. However, the dietary reference intakes of DHA and EPA have not yet been established. In women, a low DHA and/or EPA serum level during pregnancy or breastfeeding might negatively affect their children. For this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials on the association between the consumption of fish oil supplements in pregnant and/or breastfeeding women and the cognitive performance of their children. Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Central literature databases were systematically searched. We included and extracted relevant studies in duplicate and assessed study quality. Cognitive outcomes were grouped according to published criteria and according to time elapsed after the intervention. We performed fixed-effects meta-analyses for each cognitive outcome and for birth weight. We assessed potential confounding with meta-regressions and sensitivity analyses. Results A total of 11 trials were included. No significant association was found between DHA/EPA supplementation and any of the assessed cognitive parameters or birth weight. Discussion Our results confirm previous reviews on the studied topic. Reasons for inconclusive results may be small sample sizes for each assessed category, questionable quality of included studies, and the difficulty of reliably measuring cognitive performance in small children. Blood levels of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids were mostly not comparable. Furthermore, the influence of genetic and environmental factors could not be assessed. Studies in this field should address such shortcomings.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Meta-analysis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. e20190181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Wang ◽  
Bing Zhou ◽  
Qiliang Cui ◽  
Chao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Long Chain

Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna C. Larsson ◽  
Nicola Orsini ◽  
Alicja Wolk
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Association of the Omega-3 Index with Incident Prostate Cancer with Updated Meta-Analysis: The Cooper Center Longitudinal Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Farrell ◽  
Laura F. DeFina ◽  
Nathan L. Tintle ◽  
David Leonard ◽  
Kenneth H. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Time To Diagnosis ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids ◽  
Long Chain

Background: The association between long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and prostate cancer (PC) remains unclear. Methods: We compared incident PC rates as a function of the Omega-3 Index [O3I, erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA + DHA)] in 5607 men (40–80 years of age) seen at the Cooper Clinic who were free of PC at baseline. The average follow-up was 5.1 ± 2.8 years until censoring or reporting a new PC diagnosis. Proportional hazards regression was used to model the linear association between baseline O3I and the age-adjusted time to diagnosis. A meta-analysis of n-3 PUFA biomarker-based studies and incident PC was updated with the present findings. Results: A total of 116 cases of incident PC were identified. When O3I was examined as a continuous variable, the age-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) was 0.98 (0.89, 1.07; p = 0.25) for each 1% increment in the O3I. The updated meta-analysis with 10 biomarker-based studies found no significant relationship between EPA or DHA levels and risk for PC. Conclusions: We find no evidence in this study nor in a meta-analysis of similar studies that consuming n-3 PUFA-rich fish or using fish oil supplements affects the risk of PC.

scholarly journals Positive Associations of Dietary Marine Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Lung Function: A Meta-analysis (P18-087-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie Patchen ◽  
Jiayi Xu ◽  
R Graham Barr ◽  
Ester van Eekelen ◽  
Josee Dupuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Former Smokers

Abstract Objectives Our previous study found positive associations between plasma levels of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), specifically docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and lung function, especially in current smokers. Given that plasma n-3 PUFA concentrations are driven by dietary intake, we extended our prior findings to a larger sample by studying dietary n-3 PUFAs, including DHA, DPA, eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and fish intake. Methods Nine cohorts from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium (N = 37,077 black and white participants) contributed dietary intake and lung function data. In each cohort and each ancestry, separately, associations of dietary n-3 PUFA/fish intake with lung function were estimated in linear regression models. Models were extended to test for n-3 PUFA/fish × smoking status interaction. Fixed-effects meta-analysis was used to generate summarized effect estimates across the cohorts and ancestries. Results Dietary DPA, DHA, EPA, and fish intake were positively associated with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). ALA had little to no association with these lung function parameters. Associations were similar for black and white participants, and consistent in direction and magnitude across most cohorts. For all participants, 1 standard deviation (SD) higher intake of DPA (∼30 mg/d), DHA (∼200 mg/d), and EPA (∼150 mg/d) were associated with 12–16 mL higher FEV1 and 10–15 mL higher FVC. The effect estimates for fish were in the same direction but smaller in magnitude. Smoking modified the associations of DHA and EPA with FEV1 and FVC; 1 SD higher intake of DHA and EPA were associated with 28–32 mL higher FEV1 and 24–25 mL higher FVC in current smokers, 17–21 mL higher FEV1 and 7–12 mL higher FVC in former smokers, and little to no association in never smokers. Conclusions Dietary DHA, DPA, and EPA, but not ALA, are positively associated with FEV1 and FVC, corroborating our previous findings for plasma n-3 PUFAs. This large cross-sectional meta-analysis shows that diets rich in marine n-3 PUFAs are associated with higher lung function, especially for current and former smokers. Funding Sources National Institutes of Health, NHLBI and NIDDK.

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