A developmental change in selective attention and global form perception

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafalda Porporino ◽  
Grace Iarocci ◽  
David I. Shore ◽  
Jacob A. Burack
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Developmental Change ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Form Perception ◽  
Global Processing ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Local And Global Processing ◽  
Global And Local

The primary purpose of the present study was to examine the processing of local and global perception in relation to selective attention during development from childhood to early adulthood. Filtering was the specific component of selective attention that was examined. The influence of varying distractor congruency and compatibility on relative local-global processing was also examined. Distractor congruency and compatibility did not differentially affect local and global processing. With the presence of neutral distractors, however, 6- and 8-year-old participants demonstrated a greater increase in RTs for global targets relative to local targets whereas older children and adults showed the same pattern of RTs for both local and global targets. The results are suggestive of separate developmental trajectories for global and local level processes, with global processing undergoing developmental change at least until 8 years of age.

scholarly journals Global processing deficit in Alzheimer’s disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
María J. Blanca ◽  
Teresa Rodrigo ◽  
Rebecca Bendayan
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Global Processing ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Divided Attention Task ◽  
Global And Local

Several studies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) reveal an impaired capacity to integrate visual elements into global pictures, leading to a deficit in global processing of visual information. The aim of this paper was to explore global and local processing in people with AD at non-advanced stage. The Global and Local Attention Test (AGL; from the original Spanish: AGL-Atención global y local) was administered to a group of 100 participants with a mean age of 75.36 years. Fifty of them were AD patients at a mild or moderate stage, while the remainder comprised healthy elders. The AGL provides two scores that indicate speed and accuracy in analyzing global and local figures. Participants had to indicate the figures where the target appeared at either global or local levels in a divided attention task. The results showed lower accuracy in the AD group compared with controls. Also in the AD group, and in line with previous findings, accuracy in detecting the target was much lower at the global level than at the local level, thereby confirming the expected deficit in global processing associated with AD. This deficit did not vary according to sex or age.

Relative Weight of Local and Global Properties Depends on both the Position of Local Elements and the Saliency of Global Form

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Ripoll ◽  
Églantine Fiere ◽  
Aline Pélissier
Keyword(s):  
Relative Weight ◽  
Global Processing ◽  
Local Similarity ◽  
Local Effects ◽  
Global Pattern ◽  
Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Global Form ◽  
Global Properties ◽  
Local And Global Processing ◽  
Global And Local

Abstract. Love, Rouder, and Wisniewski (1999 ) and Ripoll and Marty (2005 ) showed that subjects could process global properties very quickly in a same/different task on abstract visual scenes for which the conspicuity of local and global properties had been controlled. In this new experiment, two important new factors were manipulated: saliency of the global pattern and location of local similarity. The results showed that the saliency of the global form as well as the location of local similarity determines the strength of global and local effects. Global effects continue to manifest themselves even when the extraction of the global form is difficult. Finally, the whole pattern of results suggests that local and global processing proceeds simultaneously and involves two attentional systems whose spatial characteristics are very different.

Local and Global Processing by Persons with Williams Syndrome: The Case of Visuo-Constructive Tasks

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Fayasse ◽  
Jean-Pierre Thibaut
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Global Processing ◽  
Local Processing ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Mental Age ◽  
Local And Global Processing ◽  
Puzzle Task

Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetically based neurodevelopmental disorder resulting in mild to moderate mental retardation. People with WS are known for their particular weakness in visuo-spatial construction. In a block-design task and a jigsaw-puzzle task, we compared WS persons with normally developing children matched for mental age. Three hypotheses were contrasted: (a) the standard local hypothesis, maintaining that WS persons are biased toward local processing and have a deficit in processing the global level of stimuli (Bellugi & al., 1994); (b) the disengaging from the global level hypothesis, which states that they have difficulties disengaging from global configurations when local processing is required (Pani & al., 1999); and a new hypothesis (c) the disengaging from the local level hypothesis, which states that they have difficulties in disengaging from salient local features when global processing is required. The third hypothesis is compatible with most of the observations regarding visuo-constructive problems in WS. We propose an interpretation of WS persons’ problems in terms of executive functions.

scholarly journals Neural oscillations underlying selective attention follow sexually divergent developmental trajectories during adolescence

2021 ◽  
pp. 100961
Author(s):  
Brittany K. Taylor ◽  
Jacob A. Eastman ◽  
Michaela R. Frenzel ◽  
Christine M. Embury ◽  
Yu-Ping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Neural Oscillations

Electrophysiological Correlates of Similarity-based Interference during Detection of Visual Forms

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 880-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Conci ◽  
Klaus Gramann ◽  
Hermann J. Müller ◽  
Mark A. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Target Selection ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Form Perception ◽  
Psychological Review ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Kanizsa Figure ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Form Information

Illusory figure completion demonstrates the ability of the visual system to integrate information across gaps. Mechanisms that underlie figural emergence support the interpolation of contours and the filling-in of form information [Grossberg, S., & Mingolla, E. Neural dynamics of form perception: Boundary completion, illusory figures and neon colour spreading. Psychological Review, 92, 173–211, 1985]. Although both processes contribute to figure formation, visual search for an illusory target configuration has been shown to be susceptible to interfering form, but not contour, information [Conci, M., Müller, H. J., & Elliott, M. A. The contrasting impact of global and local object attributes on Kanizsa figure detection. Submitted]. Here, the physiological basis of form interference was investigated by recording event-related potentials elicited from contour- and surface-based distracter interactions with detection of a target Kanizsa figure. The results replicated the finding of form interference and revealed selection of the target and successful suppression of the irrelevant distracter to be reflected by amplitude differences in the N2pc component (240–340 msec). In conclusion, the observed component variations reflect processes of target selection on the basis of integrated form information resulting from figural completion processes.

Resource access mechanisms in networks and SME survival in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Acheampong ◽  
Raphael Odoom ◽  
Thomas Anning-Dorson ◽  
Patrick Amfo Anim
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Directed Network ◽  
Resource Access ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Structural Hole ◽  
One Year ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Access Mechanisms ◽  
Global Influence

Purpose The study aims to determine the resource access mechanism in inter-firm networks that aids SME survival in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The authors collect census data on a poultry cluster in Ghana and construct a directed network. The network is used to extract direct and indirect ties both incoming and outgoing, as well as estimate the structural holes of the actors. These variables are used to estimate for survival of SMEs after a one-year period using a binary logit model. Findings The study finds that out-indirect ties and structural hole have a significant influence on SME survival. This works through the global influence and the vision advantage that these positions and ties offer the SMEs. Originality/value The study offers SMEs a choice of whom to collaborate with for information (resources) in the form of outgoing and incoming ties at both the global and local level.

scholarly journals Developmental Trajectories of Amygdala and Hippocampus from Infancy to Early Adulthood in Healthy Individuals

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e46970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Uematsu ◽  
Mie Matsui ◽  
Chiaki Tanaka ◽  
Tsutomu Takahashi ◽  
Kyo Noguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Healthy Individuals

scholarly journals Effects of All-Night Driving on Selective Attention in Professional Truck Drivers: A Preliminary Functional Magnetic Resonance Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5409
Author(s):  
Stefan P. Gazdzinski ◽  
Marek Binder ◽  
Alicja Bortkiewicz ◽  
Paulina Baran ◽  
Łukasz Dziuda
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Spatially Extended

Fatigue affects multiple aspects of cognitive performance among drivers. However, even after fatigue builds up, some are still able to maintain the level of behavioral performance. To evaluate these adaptations on the neural network level, we utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Seventeen male professional drivers underwent two fMRI sessions, once while rested and once in a fatigued condition after 10-h of overnight driving. The cognitive task used in the study involved the detection of visual feature conjunctions, namely the shape and the color. There were no significant differences in the task performance between the conditions except for longer reaction times in the fatigued condition. However, we observed substantial differences in the activation patterns during the cognitive task involving selective attention between the conditions. On the global level, we observed a general decrease in activation strength in the fatigued condition, which appeared to be more pronounced in the left hemisphere. On the local level, we observed a (spatially) extended activation of the medial prefrontal regions in the fatigued condition, which reflected increased cognitive control mechanisms compensating for the diminished efficiency of mechanisms involved in meeting task demands.

scholarly journals Glass pattern studies of local and global processing of contrast variations

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (22) ◽  
pp. 2629-2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A Wilson ◽  
E Switkes ◽  
R.L De Valois
Keyword(s):  
Global Processing ◽  
Local And Global Processing ◽  
Glass Pattern
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