Influence of Lime and Gypsum on Growth and Yield of Upland Rice and Changes in Soil Chemical Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1157-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Fageria ◽  
A. M. Knupp
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield

scholarly journals Pengaruh Sumber dan Dosis Bahan Organik terhadap Perubahan sifat Kimia Tanah, Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench) var. KD4 di Lahan Kering Jatikerto, Malang

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Edy Suminarti ◽  
A.Y. Edy Guntoro ◽  
A. N. Fajrin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Suminarti et al, 2018. Effect of Source and Dosage of Organic Materials on Changes in Soil Chemical Properties, Growth and Yield of Sorghum Plants (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench) var. KD4 in Dry Land Jatikerto, Malang. JLSO 7(2): Agricultural extensification is the right step to anticipate conditions of food insecurity. This refers to two reasons, namely (1) proliferation of land conversion activities, and (2) sorghum is a carbohydrate-producing plant that is quite tolerant when planted on dry land. The objective of this study was to obtain information about the sources and doses of organic matter that are appropriate to changes in soil chemical properties, growth and yield of sorghum plants, and has been carried out in the dry land of Jatikerto, Malang. A split plot designs with three replications were used in this study, sources of organic material (blothong, UB compost and cow dung) as the main plot, and doses of organic matter (125%, 100% and 75%) as a subplot. Soil analysis was carried out 3 times, i.e. before planting, after application of organic matter and at harvest. The agronomic observations were carried out destructively at 80 days after planting (DAP) including the components of growth (root dry weight, leaf area, and total dry weight of the plant) and harvest at the age of 90 DAP.F test at 5% level was used to test the effect of treatment, while the difference between treatments was based on LSD level of 5%.The results showed that there was a significant interaction between the source and dosage of organic matter on the leaf area and total dry weight, the highest yield was obtained in blothong at various doses. Higher yields of seeds per hectare were also found in blotong: 1.76 tons ha-1, and 1.73 tons ha-1 on 125% doses of organic matter. Blotong application is able to provide elements of N, P and K soil respectively 18.3%, 85.68% and 8.42% for plant.

scholarly journals Liming Effects of Sawdust Ash and Lime on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Yield in Acidic Soil of Southeastern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
C. V. Ogbenna ◽  
V. E. Osodeke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Head Weight

Aim: A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of sawdust ash and lime (Ca(OH)2) on soil characteristics and yield of sunflower in acidic soil of southeastern Nigeria. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design, using sawdust ash (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 t ha-1) as the sub plot and lime (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 t ha-1) as the main plot. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted outdoors at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria, during the 2010 planting season. Materials and Methods: Treatment combinations were applied to the 60 buckets containing soil, mixed thoroughly and watered adequately. After 1 week of treatment application, two sunflower seeds were planted and later thinned to one seedling per bucket. Plant growth and yield data were collected. Pre planting and post-harvest soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil properties. Results: Results showed that with the exception of organic carbon there was significant effect of treatments on all soil chemical properties. Lime and sawdust ash (SDA) as single and combined treatments significantly increased total nitrogen (P=0.05), available phosphorus (P<0.010), and base saturation (P<0.012). The interaction between SDA and lime significantly (P=0.05) increased total exchangeable bases and effective cation exchange capacity, while soil pH was significantly increased (P=0.05) by single applications. The increases in soil chemical properties led to significant positive response of the sunflower. With the exception of number of leaves, other plant parameters (Plant height, stem diameter, head weight, 50 seed weight, head diameter) had significant increases for sawdust ash alone at P=0.05. Correlation studies showed positive significant relationship between soil pH and sunflower yield. Conclusion: The study showed that sunflower performed best at the combination of 3 tha-1 SDA and 1.5 t ha-1 lime producing a mean head weight of 45.4 g.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Rates of Poultry Manure and Split Applications of Urea Fertilizer on Soil Chemical Properties, Growth, and Yield of Maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Aruna Olasekan Adekiya ◽  
Oluwaseyi Iyabo Ogunboye ◽  
Babatunde Sunday Ewulo ◽  
Adeniyi Olayanju
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Initial Application ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
N Demand

During integrated nutrient management involving poultry manure (PM) and urea fertilizer (UF) for maize (Zea mays L.), it is necessary to investigate the best time to apply UF that will optimize soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize. Hence, studies were carried out to investigate the effect of different rates of PM and single and split applications (SA) of UF on soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize. The treatment involved three levels of PM (0.0, 4.0, and 8.0 t·ha−1) and four sets of periods of UF: (i) 0 kg N ha-1 (control), (ii) 120 kg N ha-1 applied at planting (AP), (iii) two SA of 120 kg N ha−1 (90 kg N ha-1 applied AP + 30 kg N ha-1 at thirty days after planting (DAP)), and (iv) three SA of 120 kg N ha-1 (60 kg N ha-1 applied AP + 30 kg N ha-1 thirty DAP + 30 kg N ha-1 at tasseling). The 12 treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. PM and UF alone and integrating UF with PM improved soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize compared with the control. SA of UF three times (60 + 30 + 30) had the most improved soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize. Results also showed that maize yielded higher under UF integrated with PM compared with their sole forms. Application of 60 + 30+30 with 8 t ha−1PM (60 + 30+30 + 8 t ha−1PM) or with 4 t ha−1PM treatments showed the highest growth and yield of maize, but due to the bulkiness, handling challenges, and cost of PM, 60 + 30+30 + 4 t ha−1PM is recommended. Therefore, for better growth and yield of maize, after the initial application of PM, UF application should be split-applied in accordance with plant growth and the pattern of uptake to avoid losses by leaching and therefore ensured that N level in the soil is high at the critical stage of N demand.

scholarly journals SOIL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND COCOYAM YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN A TROPICAL ALFISOL

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. ADEKIYA ◽  
S. O. OJENIYI ◽  
T. M. AGBEDE
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Tillage Methods ◽  
And Chemical Properties

SUMMARYExperimental data on tillage requirement of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) are needed to identify the most suitable tillage methods for managing the fragile Alfisols of the humid tropics to ensure sustained productivity. Hence, five tillage methods were compared as to their effects on soil physical and chemical properties, and growth and yield of cocoyam on an Alfisol at Owo in the forest-savanna transition zone of southwest Nigeria. The experiment consisted of five tillage methods: manual clearing (MC), manual ridging (MR), manual mounding (MM), ploughing + harrowing (P + H) and ploughing + harrowing twice (P + 2 H) were used for three years at two sites in a randomized complete block design with three replications. In the first two years (2007 and 2008), P + H produced the least soil bulk density and highest growth and yield, whereas in the third year (2009), MC produced the lowest soil bulk density and best performance of cocoyam. Manual clearing produced the best values of soil chemical properties in 2008 and 2009. Averaged over the three years, P + H, MR and MM had lower soil bulk density hence better growth and yield compared with P + 2 H and MC. Over the three years MC, MM, MR and P + H increased cocoyam cormel yield by 10, 21, 23 and 32%, respectively, over P + 2 H.The corresponding increases in corm yield were 7, 15, 13 and 21%, respectively. The multiple regressions revealed that bulk density and moisture content significantly influenced the yield of cocoyam. Soil chemical properties were not significant. Bulk density rather than soil chemical properties dictated the performance of cocoyam in an Alfisol of southwest Nigeria. Soil quality was degraded by P + 2H. For small farms, either MR or MM is recommended while P + H is recommended for large-scale farming of cocoyam.

scholarly journals Combined application of poultry litter biochar and NPK fertilizer improves cabbage yield and soil chemical properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-368
Author(s):  
Patrick Ofori ◽  
Gideon Asamoah ◽  
Ben Amoah ◽  
Kwaku Osei Adu Agyeman ◽  
Edward Yeboah
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Poultry Litter Biochar ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

Abstract Low soil fertility is a major problem limiting peri-urban vegetable production in the Kumasi metropolis. This study was conducted to assess the effects of poultry litter biochar (PLB) and NPK fertilizer application on soil chemical properties and the yield of cabbage. Twelve treatments (control, 100% NPK, 50% NPK, 2.5 t ha−1 PLB, 2.5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK, 2.5 t ha−1 PLB + 100% NPK, 5 t ha−1 PLB, 5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK, 5 t ha−1 PLB + 100% NPK, 7.5 t ha−1 PLB, 7.5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK, and 7.5 t ha−1 PLB + 100% NPK) were evaluated under field conditions in a randomized block design with three replications. Combined application of PLB and NPK fertilizer improved the soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of cabbage relative to the control and sole PLB treatments. Application of 5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK increased the soil pH, soil organic carbon, available phosphorus, and cation exchange capacity by 26.6, 41.4, 296, and 78.7%, respectively, relative to the control. Moreover, 5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK increased the cabbage yield by 73% compared with the control. This study concludes that PLB and NPK fertilizers can be applied to improve the soil chemical properties and yield of cabbage.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN BIOCHAR KULIT BUAH KAKAO DAN SEKAM PADI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADI SAWAH DI ULTISOL LAMPUNG

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neneng Laela Nurida ◽  
Sutono , ◽  
Muchtar ,
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cocoa Shell ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar ◽  
Planting Season

<p>Utilization of Biochar of Cocoa Shell and Rice Husk to Increase Rice Productivity in Ultisol Lampung. Biochar application as soil amendment is technology for soil and crop productivity improvement in acid soil. The main problem of acid soil including in paddy field is high concentration of Al3+ that inhibit crops growth causing low crop production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cocoa shell and rice husk biochar on paddy<br />field productivity and soil chemical properties. The study was conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Tamanbogo, East Lampung on June-September 2012 (planting season 1), January-April 2013 (planting season 2) and December 2013-March 2014 (planting season 3). The experimental design was split plot design, which the main plots<br />were two types of biochar (cacao shell and rice husk), the sub plots were biochar rates 0.5 t/ha (control), 5 t/ha and 15 t/ha with five replications. The parameters measured were paddy growth, yield and soil chemical properties (soil pH,C organic, N total, available P, K total, and Al3+ ). The result showed that biochar could affect weight of rice straw and<br />rice yield at the second and third planting season, while biochar rates could affect crop growth and yield of rice at three planting. The effect of cacao shell and rice husk biochar application with the rate of 15 t/ha could up to three planting seasons without any biochar addition in following two consecutives year, whereas addition biochar 5 t/ha was<br />less effective. The cacao shell biochar was more effective in increasing crop growth and yield than rice husk biochar,as seen on dry grain rice yield, i.e. 3.58 t/ha (PS1) and 5.06 t/ha (PS III). During two planting seasons, both biochar at the rate of 15 t/ha were sufficient to improve soil chemical properties. Cacao shell biochar with the rate of 15 t/ha had better effect in improving soil chemical properties significantly in term of soil pH, available P, and total K content and decreasing aluminum content than rice husk biochar especially at second planting season. </p><p>Keywords: lowland, biochar, rice, Ultisol, Lampung</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Aplikasi biochar sebagai pembenah tanah merupakan salah satu teknologi untuk memperbaiki produktivitas tanah dan tanaman pada lahan masam. Permasalahan utama pada lahan masam adalah tingginya konsentrasi Fe3+ yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga menyebabkan rendahnya produksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian biochar kulit buah kakao dan sekam padi serta takarannya terhadap peningkatan sifat kimia tanah dan produktivitas padi sawah di Ultisol Lampung. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada lahan sawah di Kebun Percobaan Taman Bogo, Lampung selama tiga musim tanam yaitu bulan Juni-September 2012 (musim tanam pertama), bulan Januari-April 2013 (musim tanam kedua) dan Desember 2013 - Maret 2014 (musim tanam ketiga). Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan kelompok petak terpisah, sebagai petak utama terdiri dari biochar kulit buah kakao dan biochar sekam padi, sedangkan sebagai anak petak adalah takaran biochar yaitu tanpa biochar (kontrol 0 t/ha), 5 t/ha dan 15 t/ha, dengan 5 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan dan hasil padi, sifat kimia tanah (pH, C-organik, N-total, P-tersedia, K-total dan Al3+ ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  jenis biochar hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat jerami kering dan hasil gabah pada musim tanaman kedua dan ketiga, sedangkan takaran biochar berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi pada ke tiga musim tanam. Pengaruh pemberian biochar kulit buah kakao dan sekam padi 15 t/ha mampu bertahan sampai tiga musim tanam dilihat dari pertumbuhan dan hasil padi sawah, sedangkan pemberian biochar 5 t/ha bertahan satu musim saja. Efektivitas biochar kulit buah kakao dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman lebih tinggi dibandingkan sekam padi terlihat dari hasil gabah kering panen sebesar 3,58 t/ha (MT II) dan 5,06 t/ha (MT III). Selama dua musim tanam pemberian biochar kulit buah kakao sebanyak 15 t/ha juga mampu meningkatkan pH tanah, P tersedia, dan kandungan K tetapi menurunkan kandungan aluminium melebihi biochar sekam padi terutama pada musim tanam kedua.</p><p>Kata kunci: produktivitas, padi sawah, biochar, Ultisol</p>

scholarly journals Pengaruh bahan organik berbasis gulma paitan dan pupuk NPK terhadap sifat kimia tanah, pertumbuhan, dan hasil tomat pada Ultisols

Kultivasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Abas Nur Khairunnisa ◽  
Anung Slamet Dwi ◽  
Sapto Nugroho Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total N ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Screen House ◽  
Total P ◽  
Range Test

Sari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan organik gulma paitan dan pupuk NPK terhadap sifat kimia tanah (C organik, N, dan P total), serta pertumbuhan dan hasil tomat pada Ultisols.  Penelitian dilaksanakan di screen house Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, pada bulan Juni sampai September 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan perlakuan faktorial 3x3. Faktor pertama adalah bahan organik tumbuhan paitan, terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu 0, 125, dan 250 g/tanaman. Faktor kedua adalah dosis NPK, terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu 0; 3,61; dan 5,42 g/tanaman. Seluruh kombinasi perlakuan dialokasikan ke dalam unit percobaan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang diulang 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati meliputi C organik, N total, P total, serta pertumbuhan dan hasil tomat. Data dianalisis dengan uji F, dilanjutkan dengan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan organik tumbuhan paitan dengan dosis 250 g/tanaman cenderung memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah, serta berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tomat seperti jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot segar buah per tanaman sebesar 43,29% dari kontrol, dan jumlah buah sebesar 54,26% dari kontrol. Pupuk NPK dengan dosis 5,42 g/tanaman cenderung berpengaruh terhadap sifat kimia tanah, serta berpengaruh nyata semua variabel pertumbuhan dan hasil kecuali bobot segar akar. Kombinasi bahan organik tumbuhan paitan dengan dosis 250 g/tanaman dan pupuk NPK dengan dosis 5,42 g/tanaman cenderung berpengaruh terhadap sifat kimia tanah dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap variabel luas daun.Kata Kunci: Tithonia diversifolia, pupul NPK, Tomat, Ultisols Abstract. This research aims to know effect of organic matters of Tithonia diversifolia weeds and NPK fertilizer to soil chemical properties (organic carbon, total N, and total P), growth, and yield of tomato in Ultisols soil. The research was conducted at Screen House of Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto regency, from June to September 2018. This research used 3x3 factorial treatment design. The first factor was the dosage of organic matters of Tithonia diversifolia, consisted of 3 levels: 0, 125, dan 250 g/plant. The second factor was the dosage of NPK fertilizer, consisted of 3 levels: 0, 3.61, and 5.42 g/plant. All of treatment combinations were allocated to the experimental unit that used Randomized Block Design and was replicated 3 times. The variables observed were organic C, total N, total P, growth, and yield of tomato. Observational data were analyzed by F test, then Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that dosage 250 g/plant of organic matter of Tithonia diversifolia improved soil chemical properties, and affected significantly to growth, and yield variable likes number of leaves, wide of leaves, number of fruit, and fruit fresh weight. Dosage 5.42 g/plant of NPK fertilizer improved soil chemical properties, and affected significantly to all variables of growth, and yield, except root fresh weight. Combination of Tithonia diversifolia organic matter dosage 250 g/plant and 5,42 g/plant NPK fertilizer improved soil chemical properties and affected significantly to leaves area.Keywords: Tithonia diversifolia, NPK fertilizer, Tomato, Ultisols

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