scholarly journals Liming Effects of Sawdust Ash and Lime on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Yield in Acidic Soil of Southeastern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
C. V. Ogbenna ◽  
V. E. Osodeke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Head Weight

Aim: A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of sawdust ash and lime (Ca(OH)2) on soil characteristics and yield of sunflower in acidic soil of southeastern Nigeria. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design, using sawdust ash (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 t ha-1) as the sub plot and lime (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 t ha-1) as the main plot. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted outdoors at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria, during the 2010 planting season. Materials and Methods: Treatment combinations were applied to the 60 buckets containing soil, mixed thoroughly and watered adequately. After 1 week of treatment application, two sunflower seeds were planted and later thinned to one seedling per bucket. Plant growth and yield data were collected. Pre planting and post-harvest soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil properties. Results: Results showed that with the exception of organic carbon there was significant effect of treatments on all soil chemical properties. Lime and sawdust ash (SDA) as single and combined treatments significantly increased total nitrogen (P=0.05), available phosphorus (P<0.010), and base saturation (P<0.012). The interaction between SDA and lime significantly (P=0.05) increased total exchangeable bases and effective cation exchange capacity, while soil pH was significantly increased (P=0.05) by single applications. The increases in soil chemical properties led to significant positive response of the sunflower. With the exception of number of leaves, other plant parameters (Plant height, stem diameter, head weight, 50 seed weight, head diameter) had significant increases for sawdust ash alone at P=0.05. Correlation studies showed positive significant relationship between soil pH and sunflower yield. Conclusion: The study showed that sunflower performed best at the combination of 3 tha-1 SDA and 1.5 t ha-1 lime producing a mean head weight of 45.4 g.

scholarly journals Rice Husk Dust and NPK Improve Soil Chemical Properties and Growth Response of Jatropha

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
E. O. Azu Donatus ◽  
B. A. Essien ◽  
O. U. Nwanja ◽  
P. E. Nweke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity

The present study investigated the combined effect of rice husk dust (RHD) (0.1.2.3.4 and 5 ton ha-1) and NPK 10:10:10 fertilizer (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 ton ha-1) arranged factorially in Randomized Complete Block Design(RCBD)on selected soil fertility indices (pH, organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases, exchangeable acidity and effective cation exchange capacity) and growth parameters of Jatropha (number of leaves, plant height, number of branches and stem girth) in an ultisol of southeastern Nigeria. Results showed significant (P<0.05) improvement in all soil chemical properties and growth parameters of plant compared to control which had no treatment. However, the effects varied with treatment levels and interactions. While the effects increased with rate of application, interactions consistently showed superior effect on all parameters studied. Thus, combining rice husk dust (RHD) and NPK may increase the soil fertility and growth of Jatropha. Treatments combination of5tonha-1 RHD and 3tonha-1 NPK and 5tonha-1 RHD and 5tonha-1 NPK relatively gave the most appreciable result in soil chemical properties and growth of Jatropha respectively, thus are recommended.

scholarly journals Classification and assessment of agricultural potential of the lower Niger floodplain soils of Atani, Southeastern Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
F.C. Okenmuo ◽  
C.O. Anochie ◽  
M.E. Ukabiala ◽  
C.L.A. Asadu ◽  
P.K. Kefas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
Capability Evaluation

The soils of Atani floodplain in Anambra State of Nigeria contribute significantly to the food production of the State, hence the need to understand their behavior in order to enhance their management and productivity. Profile pits were sited along three physiographic units viz: levee crest, levee  slope and flood basin. Soil samples were collected from the profile horizons and subjected to standard laboratory procedures. Characterization of the soils was based on their morphological, physical and chemical properties. Soil classification was carried out using the USDA Soil Taxonomy and correlated with FAO/IUSS World Reference Base. Its agricultural potential was assessed using the fertility capability classification. The soils were deep. Topsoil colour was dominantly blackish black (10YR 3/2). Mottles were pervasive; an indication of impeded drainage conditions. The soils were predominantly fine textured. Soil pH values ranged from 4.8 to 6.2. Exchangeable Calcium was low to moderate (2.6-8.2 cmol kg−1); Magnesium was moderate to high (1.6-6.8 cmol kg−1); Sodium was high to very high (1.0-2.5 cmol kg−1), while potassium was high (1.2-4.2 cmol kg−1). Cation  exchange capacity values ranged from 11.6 to 42.6 cmol kg−1. Total nitrogen was very low to low (0.14-1.12 g kg−1), while organic carbon was low to moderate (0.4-15.2 g kg−1). Available phosphorus was very low to high ranging from 0.93 to 31.71 mg kg−1 while base saturation ranged from 64 to 93%. The soils were classified as Typic Fluvaquents (Typic Fluvisols), Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts (Endostagnic Cambisols) and Fluventic Endoaquepts (Endostagnic Cambisols) according to the USDA and FAO/IUSS. The fertility capability evaluation of the soils revealed that the pedons were Lgn in classification due to limitations in drainage. Key words: alluvium, cambic horizon, Inceptisols, lithologic discontinuity

The ameliorative effects of low-grade palygorskite on acidic soil

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Jin-Hua Yuan ◽  
Sheng-Zhe E ◽  
Zong-Xian Che
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Acid Neutralisation

Mineral composition and alkaline properties of palygorskite (Pal), and its ameliorative effects on chemical properties of acid soil were investigated. Dolomite was the main form of alkali in Pal and the acid neutralisation capacity of Pal was 215 cmol kg–1. Incubation experiments indicated that Pal incorporation increased soil pH, cation exchange capacity, base saturation and exchangeable K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents, and decreased the levels of exchangeable H+, Al3+ and acidity, over a 1-year period. The ameliorative mechanisms were the dissolution of major alkaline matter in Pal (i.e. dolomite), and the exchange between released Ca2+ and Mg2+ with H+ in acidic soil. Hence, Pal can be used as a moderate acidic soil amendment.

scholarly journals Does thermal carbonization (Biochar) of organic material increase more merits for their amendments of sandy soil?

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 535-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wu ◽  
G. Xu ◽  
J. N. Sun ◽  
H. B. Shao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Available P ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Furfural Residue ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract. Organic materials (e.g. furfural residue) are generally believed to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soils with low fertility. Recently, biochar have been received more attention as a possible measure to improve the carbon balance and improve soil quality in some degraded soils. However, little is known about their different amelioration of a sandy saline soil. In this study, 56d incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of furfural and its biochar on the properties of saline soil. The results showed that both furfural and biochar greatly reduced pH, increased soil organic carbon (SOC) content and cation exchange capacity (CEC), and enhanced the available phosphorus (P) in the soil. Furfural is more efficient than biochar in reducing pH: 5% furfural lowered the soil pH by 0.5–0.8 (soil pH: 8.3–8.6), while 5% biochar decreased by 0.25–0.4 due to the loss of acidity in pyrolysis process. With respect to available P, 5% of the furfural addition increased available P content by 4–6 times in comparison to 2–5 times with biochar application. In reducing soil exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), biochar is slightly superior to furfural because soil ESP reduced by 51% and 43% with 5% furfural and 5% biochar addition at the end of incubation. In addition, no significant differences were observed between furfural and biochar about their capacity to retain N, P in leaching solution and to increase CEC in soil. These facts may be caused by the relatively short incubation time. In general, furfural and biochar have different amendments depending on soil properties: furfural was more effectively to decrease pH and to increase available P, whereas biochar played a more important role in increasing SOC and reducing ESP of saline soil.

scholarly journals Effect of Mid-Term Cropping System Adoption on Soil Chemical Properties at Changunarayan Municipality, Bhaktapur, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Saroj Koirala ◽  
Santosh Shrestha ◽  
Prashanta Raut ◽  
Bikram Pandey ◽  
Arbindra Timilsina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Wide Range

Soil chemical properties plays a crucial role in crop yield. In this study, we evaluated the chemical properties of soils under three different cropping systems practiced for more than five years in Changunarayan municipality of Bhaktapur district of Nepal. The cropping systems includes- (i) cultivation inside polyhouse (Treatment A: polyhouse), (ii) paddy-wheat rotation (Treatment B: P-W), and (iii) paddy-wheat-vegetable rotation (Treatment C: P-W-V). Thirty-nine composite samples (13 replicates from each site) were taken from the area based on variation in landforms. Soil pH, organic matter (%), total nitrogen (%), available phosphorus (mgkg-1), and available potassium (mgkg-1) were evaluated for each sample. The study revealed that the soil pH was acidic and ranges between 4.71 and 5.39, organic matter (1.6-2.39%), total nitrogen (0.091-0.13%), phosphorus (4.48-29.24mg kg-1) and potassium (88.04-109.52 mg kg-1). A significant lower mean pH (4.71), and higher mean organic matter (2.39%), total nitrogen (0.13%) and available phosphorus (29.24 mgkg-1) were observed in cultivation under polyhouse. Incorporation of vegetable in paddy-wheat system gave significant (p<0.05) higher accumulation of soil phosphorus and consistently raised other nutrient status. Moreover, cultivation under polyhouse raised C:N ratio (10.55) significantly than other system. This finding can be relevant to wide range of readers that focus on soil chemical properties and can be used in developing future research strategy and sustainable soil management system in the area.

scholarly journals The Use of Soil Parameters in Predicting Weed Infestation in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Gabriel Olulakin Adesina ◽  
Yetunde Bunmi Oyeyiola ◽  
Kasali Amofe Adelasoye ◽  
Akinpelu Festus Akin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Weed Species

A field work was carried out to investigate the extent to which selected soil chemical properties can influence weed species distribution. There were sixteen treatments of two factors (Fertilizer type and weeding regimes) laid out in RCBD. The treatments included four fertilizer types; no fertilizer (F1), inorganic fertilizer – NPK 15:15:15 applied at 100 kg NPK/ha (F2), organic fertilizer – phosphocompost applied at 2.5 t/ha and organomineral – 50% NPK 15:15:15 plus 50% phosphocompost. Four weeding regimes: weedy treatment (W1), weeding once (W2), weeding twice (W3) and weed free (W4). Weed free and weed once significantly improved maize growth and yield parameter under inorganic and organomineral fertilizer types. Increasing soil pH, organic carbon and available phosphorus significantly reduced total weed biomass with plot that received no fertilizer been responsible for highest weed population. In organic fertilizer treatment significantly reduced soil pH from the initial 6.5 to 6.0 though, it combination with weed once or weed twice gave highest grain yield. Better nutrition (in terms of improved soil nutrient especially macro nutrient and organic carbon) when combined with weeding once can ascertain proper weed management and sustainable maize production.

scholarly journals Combined application of poultry litter biochar and NPK fertilizer improves cabbage yield and soil chemical properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-368
Author(s):  
Patrick Ofori ◽  
Gideon Asamoah ◽  
Ben Amoah ◽  
Kwaku Osei Adu Agyeman ◽  
Edward Yeboah
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Poultry Litter Biochar ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

Abstract Low soil fertility is a major problem limiting peri-urban vegetable production in the Kumasi metropolis. This study was conducted to assess the effects of poultry litter biochar (PLB) and NPK fertilizer application on soil chemical properties and the yield of cabbage. Twelve treatments (control, 100% NPK, 50% NPK, 2.5 t ha−1 PLB, 2.5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK, 2.5 t ha−1 PLB + 100% NPK, 5 t ha−1 PLB, 5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK, 5 t ha−1 PLB + 100% NPK, 7.5 t ha−1 PLB, 7.5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK, and 7.5 t ha−1 PLB + 100% NPK) were evaluated under field conditions in a randomized block design with three replications. Combined application of PLB and NPK fertilizer improved the soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of cabbage relative to the control and sole PLB treatments. Application of 5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK increased the soil pH, soil organic carbon, available phosphorus, and cation exchange capacity by 26.6, 41.4, 296, and 78.7%, respectively, relative to the control. Moreover, 5 t ha−1 PLB + 50% NPK increased the cabbage yield by 73% compared with the control. This study concludes that PLB and NPK fertilizers can be applied to improve the soil chemical properties and yield of cabbage.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN BIOCHAR KULIT BUAH KAKAO DAN SEKAM PADI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADI SAWAH DI ULTISOL LAMPUNG

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neneng Laela Nurida ◽  
Sutono , ◽  
Muchtar ,
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cocoa Shell ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar ◽  
Planting Season

<p>Utilization of Biochar of Cocoa Shell and Rice Husk to Increase Rice Productivity in Ultisol Lampung. Biochar application as soil amendment is technology for soil and crop productivity improvement in acid soil. The main problem of acid soil including in paddy field is high concentration of Al3+ that inhibit crops growth causing low crop production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cocoa shell and rice husk biochar on paddy<br />field productivity and soil chemical properties. The study was conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Tamanbogo, East Lampung on June-September 2012 (planting season 1), January-April 2013 (planting season 2) and December 2013-March 2014 (planting season 3). The experimental design was split plot design, which the main plots<br />were two types of biochar (cacao shell and rice husk), the sub plots were biochar rates 0.5 t/ha (control), 5 t/ha and 15 t/ha with five replications. The parameters measured were paddy growth, yield and soil chemical properties (soil pH,C organic, N total, available P, K total, and Al3+ ). The result showed that biochar could affect weight of rice straw and<br />rice yield at the second and third planting season, while biochar rates could affect crop growth and yield of rice at three planting. The effect of cacao shell and rice husk biochar application with the rate of 15 t/ha could up to three planting seasons without any biochar addition in following two consecutives year, whereas addition biochar 5 t/ha was<br />less effective. The cacao shell biochar was more effective in increasing crop growth and yield than rice husk biochar,as seen on dry grain rice yield, i.e. 3.58 t/ha (PS1) and 5.06 t/ha (PS III). During two planting seasons, both biochar at the rate of 15 t/ha were sufficient to improve soil chemical properties. Cacao shell biochar with the rate of 15 t/ha had better effect in improving soil chemical properties significantly in term of soil pH, available P, and total K content and decreasing aluminum content than rice husk biochar especially at second planting season. </p><p>Keywords: lowland, biochar, rice, Ultisol, Lampung</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Aplikasi biochar sebagai pembenah tanah merupakan salah satu teknologi untuk memperbaiki produktivitas tanah dan tanaman pada lahan masam. Permasalahan utama pada lahan masam adalah tingginya konsentrasi Fe3+ yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga menyebabkan rendahnya produksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian biochar kulit buah kakao dan sekam padi serta takarannya terhadap peningkatan sifat kimia tanah dan produktivitas padi sawah di Ultisol Lampung. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada lahan sawah di Kebun Percobaan Taman Bogo, Lampung selama tiga musim tanam yaitu bulan Juni-September 2012 (musim tanam pertama), bulan Januari-April 2013 (musim tanam kedua) dan Desember 2013 - Maret 2014 (musim tanam ketiga). Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan kelompok petak terpisah, sebagai petak utama terdiri dari biochar kulit buah kakao dan biochar sekam padi, sedangkan sebagai anak petak adalah takaran biochar yaitu tanpa biochar (kontrol 0 t/ha), 5 t/ha dan 15 t/ha, dengan 5 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan dan hasil padi, sifat kimia tanah (pH, C-organik, N-total, P-tersedia, K-total dan Al3+ ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  jenis biochar hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat jerami kering dan hasil gabah pada musim tanaman kedua dan ketiga, sedangkan takaran biochar berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi pada ke tiga musim tanam. Pengaruh pemberian biochar kulit buah kakao dan sekam padi 15 t/ha mampu bertahan sampai tiga musim tanam dilihat dari pertumbuhan dan hasil padi sawah, sedangkan pemberian biochar 5 t/ha bertahan satu musim saja. Efektivitas biochar kulit buah kakao dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman lebih tinggi dibandingkan sekam padi terlihat dari hasil gabah kering panen sebesar 3,58 t/ha (MT II) dan 5,06 t/ha (MT III). Selama dua musim tanam pemberian biochar kulit buah kakao sebanyak 15 t/ha juga mampu meningkatkan pH tanah, P tersedia, dan kandungan K tetapi menurunkan kandungan aluminium melebihi biochar sekam padi terutama pada musim tanam kedua.</p><p>Kata kunci: produktivitas, padi sawah, biochar, Ultisol</p>

scholarly journals Soil Chemical Properties and Fire Severity Assessment Using VNIR Proximal Spectroscopy in Fire-Affected Abandoned Orchard of Mediterranean Croatia

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Ivana Šestak ◽  
Paulo Pereira ◽  
Leon Josip Telak ◽  
Aleksandra Perčin ◽  
Iva Hrelja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Severity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
Reflectance Data

This paper aims to evaluate the ability of VNIR proximal soil spectroscopy to determine post-fire soil chemical properties and discriminate fire severity based on soil spectra. A total of 120 topsoil samples (0–3 cm) were taken from 6 ha of unburned (control (CON)) and burned areas (moderate fire severity (MS) and high fire severity (HS)) in Mediterranean Croatia within one year after the wildfire. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and an artificial neural network (ANN) were used to build calibration models of soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), CaCO3, plant-available phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (K2O), soil organic carbon (SOC), exchangeable calcium (exCa), magnesium (exMg), potassium (exK), sodium (exNa), and cation exchange capacity (CEC), based on soil reflectance data. In terms of fire severity, CON samples exhibited higher average reflectance than MS and HS samples due to their lower SOC content. The PCA results pointed to the significance of the NIR part of the spectrum for extracting the variance in reflectance data and differentiation between the CON and burned area (MS and HS). DA generated 74.2% correctly classified soil spectral samples according to the fire severity. Both PLSR and ANN calibration techniques showed sensitivity to extract information from soil features based on hyperspectral reflectance, most successfully for the prediction of SOC, P2O5, exCa, exK, and CEC. This study confirms the usefulness of soil spectroscopy for fast screening and a better understanding of soil chemical properties in post-fire periods.

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