scholarly journals Dynamic balance performance varies by position but not by age group in elite Rugby Union players – a normative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1308-1313
Author(s):  
William Johnston ◽  
Ciara Duignan ◽  
Garrett F Coughlan ◽  
Brian Caulfield
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Normative Study

scholarly journals Concussion History and Balance Performance in Adolescent Rugby Union Players

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652199870
Author(s):  
Mark Matthews ◽  
William Johnston ◽  
Chris M. Bleakley ◽  
Richard J. Davies ◽  
Alan T. Rankin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Rugby Players

Background: Sports-related concussion is a worldwide problem. There is a concern that an initial concussion can cause prolonged subclinical disturbances to sensorimotor function that increase the risk of subsequent injury. The primary aim of this study was to examine whether a history of sports-related concussion has effects on static and dynamic balance performance in adolescent rugby players. Hypothesis: Dynamic balance would be worse in players with a history of concussion compared with those with no history of concussion. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Male adolescent rugby players aged 14 to 18 years from 5 schools were recruited before the start of the 2018-2019 playing season. Participants completed questionnaires and physical tests, including dynamic Y balance and single-leg static balance (eyes closed) tests, while performing single and dual tasks. Dynamic balance was assessed using inertial sensor instrumentation. Dependent variables were normalized reach distance and the sample entropy (SEn) of the 3 axes ( x, y, and z). Results: Of the 195 participants, 100 reported a history of concussion. Those with a history of concussion demonstrated higher SEn in all directions, with highest values during anterior (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.4; 95% CI, 0.0-0.7; P = .027) and posteromedial (SMD, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.2-0.9; P = .004) reach directions compared with those with no history. There was no difference between groups (concussion history vs control) in traditional Y balance reach distances in the anterior or posteromedial directions or single-leg static balance during both single- ( P = .47) and dual-task ( P = .67) conditions. Conclusion: Adolescent rugby union athletes with a history of concussion had poorer dynamic balance during performance tasks compared with healthy controls. Static single-leg balance tests, either single or dual task, may not be sensitive enough to detect sensorimotor deficits in those with a history of concussion.

scholarly journals Association of Dynamic Balance With Sports-Related Concussion: A Prospective Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Johnston ◽  
Martin O’Reilly ◽  
Ciara Duignan ◽  
Mairead Liston ◽  
Rod McLoughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Sample Entropy ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Sensorimotor Function ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Discrete Measure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Concussive Injury

Background: Concussion is one of the most common sports-related injuries, with little understood about the modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. Researchers have yet to evaluate the association between modifiable sensorimotor function variables and concussive injury. Purpose: To investigate the association between dynamic balance performance, a discrete measure of sensorimotor function, and concussive injuries. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 109 elite male rugby union players were baseline tested in dynamic balance performance while wearing an inertial sensor and prospectively followed during the 2016-2017 rugby union season. The sample entropy of the inertial sensor gyroscope magnitude signal was derived to provide a discrete measure of dynamic balance performance. Logistic regression modeling was then used to investigate the association among the novel digital biomarker of balance performance, known risk factors of concussion (concussion history, age, and playing position), and subsequent concussive injury. Results: Participant demographic data (mean ± SD) were as follows: age, 22.6 ± 3.6 years; height, 185 ± 6.5 cm; weight, 98.9 ± 12.5 kg; body mass index, 28.9 ± 2.9 kg/m2; and leg length, 98.8 ± 5.5 cm. Of the 109 players, 44 (40.3%) had a history of concussion, while 21 (19.3%) sustained a concussion during the follow-up period. The receiver operating characteristic analysis for the anterior sample entropy demonstrated a statistically significant area under the curve (0.64; 95% CI, 0.52-0.76; P < .05), with the cutoff score of anterior sample entropy ≥1.2, which maximized the sensitivity (76.2%) and specificity (53.4%) for identifying individuals who subsequently sustained a concussion. Players with suboptimal balance performance at baseline were at a 2.81-greater odds (95% CI, 1.02-7.74) of sustaining a concussion during the rugby union season than were those with optimal balance performance, even when controlling for concussion history. Conclusion: Rugby union players who possess poorer dynamic balance performance, as measured by a wearable inertial sensor during the Y balance test, have a 3-times-higher relative risk of sustaining a sports-related concussion, even when controlling for history of concussion. These findings have important implications for research and clinical practice, as it identifies a potential modifiable risk factor. Further research is required to investigate this association in a large cohort consisting of males and females across a range of sports.

scholarly journals Effects of white Gaussian noise on dynamic balance in healthy young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyou Zhou ◽  
Can Wu ◽  
Zhen Hu ◽  
Yujuan Chai ◽  
Kai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Gaussian Noise ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
White Gaussian Noise ◽  
Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Crossover Point ◽  
Short Time

AbstractIt has been known that short-time auditory stimulation can contribute to the improvement of the balancing ability of the human body. The present study aims to explore the effects of white Gaussian noise (WGN) of different intensities and frequencies on dynamic balance performance in healthy young adults. A total of 20 healthy young participants were asked to stand at a dynamic balance force platform, which swung along the x-axis with an amplitude of ± 4° and frequency of 1 Hz. Their center of pressure (COP) trajectories were recorded when they were stimulated by WGN of different intensities (block 1) and different frequencies (block 2). A traditional method and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) were used for data preprocessing. The authors found that only with 75–85 dB WGN, the COP parameters improved. WGN frequency did not affect the dynamic balance performance of all the participants. The DFA results indicated stimulation with 75 dB WGN enhanced the short-term index and reduced the crossover point. Stimulation with 500 Hz and 2500 Hz WGN significantly enhanced the short-term index. These results suggest that 75 dB WGN and 500 Hz and 2500 Hz WGN improved the participants’ dynamic balance performance. The results of this study indicate that a certain intensity of WGN is indispensable to achieve a remarkable improvement in dynamic balance. The DFA results suggest that WGN only affected the short-term persistence, indicating the potential of WGN being considered as an adjuvant therapy in low-speed rehabilitation training.

scholarly journals Polymorphism of the PPARD Gene and Dynamic Balance Performance in Han Chinese Children

Hereditas ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixuan Cao ◽  
Qiyue Zhang ◽  
Jianhua Chen ◽  
Zhiqiang Li ◽  
Zhaowei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Balance Performance

scholarly journals Acute Effect of Mini-Trampoline Jumping on Vertical Jump and Balance Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nada Rhouni ◽  
Nicole C. Dabbs ◽  
Trevor Gillum ◽  
Jared W. Coburn
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up

Jumping and balance are necessary skills for most athletes, and mini-trampoline training has been shown to improve them. Little is known about the acute effect of mini-trampoline jumping on jump performance and dynamic balance. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of 6 maximal jumps on a mini-trampoline on countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) variables and on balance parameters. Methods: Twenty one recreationally trained individuals participated in three testing sessions and were either allocated to a control group (N=10) or a trampoline group (N=11). All the participants performed a dynamic warm up prior to their assessments. Baseline CMVJ and balance assessments were measured. For the jump performance tests, the control group rested for 30s, and the trampoline group performed 6 maximal CMVJs on a mini-trampoline. Immediately following the trampoline jumps or the rest period, participants performed three jump trials. The jumping protocol was repeated every minute up to 5 minutes and balance was reassessed immediately after only. Results: There was no significant interaction of time by group and no group effects in all the jumping parameters, however, there was a significant increase in jump height (p <0.001) post-condition, and a significant decrease in peak power (p= 0.01) at the 4th minute for both groups. There was no significant interaction of time by condition, no time effect and no group effect (p>0.05) on the balance variables. Conclusion: These results do not support our hypothesis and show that trampoline jumping does not improve jump and balance performance acutely.

scholarly journals The effect of prophylactic knee bracing on proprioception performance in first division rugby union players

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH Kruger ◽  
MF Coetsee ◽  
S Davies
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Knee Brace ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Test Order ◽  
The University ◽  
Rugby Players

Objective. To investigate the effects of prophylactic knee bracing on proprioceptive performance among first division rugby union players during a 2-minute Wilknox Quad Time Logger balancing task. Design. Each subject performed a 2-minute balancing task on the Wilknox Quad Time Logger. Test order, left or right leg, and the sequence of brace or non-brace, were randomised. Subjects were placed on the balancing board and instructed to balance for 2 minutes. Subjects performed 6 trials. Two days elapsed between testing. Each testing day involved 2 trials, 1 trial with and 1 without the prophylactic knee brace. Settings. Testing took place at the biokinetics laboratory of the University of Zululand. Subjects. Thirty playing (not injured) male rugby players, aged 22 - 30 years, participating in the KwaZulu-Natal club championships (2000). Outcome measure. Performance was measured in terms of time that balance was lost in a dynamic balance test. Peak proprioception was the best balancing performance recorded, and average proprioception the average balancing performance for all trials. Results. The findings showed an improvement of 17.9% in average proprioception times and 19.1% in peak proprioception times with the application of a prophylactic knee brace (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Prophylactic knee bracing improved proprioception performance of playing (uninjured) rugby players, and therefore may be responsible for the improvement in knee injury statistics reported in some studies on knee bracing. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol.16(1) 2004: 33-36

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FOOT ARCH SUPPORTS ON DYNAMIC BALANCE IN NURSING PROFESSIONALS WITH FLATFOOT

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Summaiya Naseem ◽  
Sumaira Imran Farooqui ◽  
Ali Farhad ◽  
Ishrat Parveen ◽  
Tayyaba Jabeen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Position ◽  
Flat Foot ◽  
Foot Arch ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Global Population

BACKGROUND Flat foot, depletion of medial longitudinal arch affects almost 20% of adult global population; approximately 9-14% of schools going children are flat foot making the gender wise prevalence of about 13% girls and 7% boys, 11.25% population of age group between 18-25 years are diagnosed as flat footed. AIM The focus of this study is to device best possible strategy for the nurses to overcome their deformity and live as normal and pain free professional life as possible by providing foot supports that bring foot arches to normal or near normal position. METHOD The subjects were divided into two groups. Group A and Group B. Group A was asked to wear medial wedge support and group B was prescribed heel support for 3 weeks. RESULTS Result shows that both the orthosis are useful in forming the arch of foot, improving the dynamic balance and relieving the symptoms of flatfoot but medial wedge is found to be more efficient as compared to heel support.

scholarly journals Adolescents’ Postural Control Learning According to the Frequency of Knowledge of Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-214
Author(s):  
Julián Gandía ◽  
Xavier García-Massó ◽  
Adrián Marco-Ahulló ◽  
Isaac Estevan
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Control Learning ◽  
Skills Learning

Feedback is one of the most influential factors for motor skills learning. Physical Education teachers commonly use verbal cues to provide knowledge of process (KP) when teaching motor skills, but the ideal presentation frequency for KP in adolescents is unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the frequency of KP (i.e., 100%, 67%, 0%) on dynamic balance. Thirty adolescents, age 14–15 years, participated in the study. Performance on a stabilometer platform was used to assess dynamic balance. Participants received feedback after each trial (100%), in two out of three trials (67%), or no feedback during 12 30-s trials of practice. Adolescents who received feedback (67% or 100%) required lower mean velocity to maintain similar dynamic balance performance (i.e., root mean square). Moreover, adolescents receiving 100% feedback had a higher α-scaling than those who did not received it. During the post-test and the retention, both 67% and 100% KP frequencies were effective at improving postural control, compared to the no feedback control.

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