Examining the Role of Race and Gender as Moderators of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Hazardous Alcohol Consumption among DUI Offenders

Overweight and obesity have become a prominent concern for policymakers, the Surgeon General, scholars, and for work organizations. The estimated annual cost of obesity in terms of lost productivity is in the tens of billions of dollars, and the estimated annual medical cost of obesity is in the hundreds of millions of dollars. Psychologists have become increasingly interested in issues related to body weight, such as ways to help people reduce body weight. The aims of our study are twofold. First, based on social cognitive theory, we offer the first study of the relationship between general self-efficacy (GSE) and body weight based on a large, representative sample. Second, we also offer an understanding of the role of race and gender as potential boundary conditions of this relationship. Findings indicate that race moderates the relationship between GSE and body weight (both BMI and perceived weight) such that this relationship is positive for Blacks but negative for Whites. Gender did not moderate the relationship between GSE and body weight. These results suggest that body weight is unrelated to general self-efficacy in the population writ large and that body weight is differentially related to self-efficacy based on race but not gender.

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Hazardous Alcohol Consumption Moderates the Relationship Between Safer Sex Maintenance Strategies and Condomless Sex With Clients Among Female Sex Workers in Mexico

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198119869971 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 14-23

Author(s):

Shirley J. Semple ◽

Eileen V. Pitpitan ◽

Heather A. Pines ◽

Alicia Harvey-Vera ◽

Gustavo Martinez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Safer Sex ◽

Maintenance Strategies ◽

Condomless Sex ◽

Hazardous Alcohol ◽

Hazardous Alcohol Consumption ◽

The Relationship

Understanding the relationship between cognitive and behavioral processes and long-term behavior change is critical to developing behavior change maintenance interventions. We examined the relationship between cognitive and behavioral safer sex maintenance strategies and condomless vaginal/anal sex with clients among female sex workers (FSWs) in Mexico. We hypothesized a moderating effect of hazardous alcohol use, such that the relationship between the use of safer sex maintenance strategies and condomless sex would be weaker among FSWs who meet criteria for hazardous alcohol consumption. Data were gathered from 602 FSWs enrolled in a sexual risk reduction intervention with a text messaging maintenance component. Seven cognitive and behavioral strategies purported to be critical in sustaining long-term behavior change were measured (e.g., maintenance self-efficacy). The relationship between FSWs’ use of safer sex maintenance strategies and condomless vaginal/anal sex with clients was moderated by hazardous alcohol consumption. The association was weaker among FSWs who met criteria for hazardous alcohol consumption. Among FSWs who met criteria for hazardous alcohol consumption, maintenance self-efficacy was associated with fewer condomless sex acts with clients ( b = −0.35, p < .001). Among FSWs who did not meet criteria for hazardous alcohol consumption, recovery self-efficacy ( b = −0.21, p < .05) and self-monitoring ( b = −0.34, p < .001) were associated with fewer acts of condomless sex. Results indicate the importance of examining the multidimensional nature of safer sex maintenance strategies and of exploring subgroup differences in their associations with behavioral outcomes. Interventions that address safer sex maintenance strategies in the context of alcohol treatment should be developed for this subgroup of FSWs.

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Does providing a brief internet intervention for hazardous alcohol use to people seeking online help for depression reduce both alcohol use and depression symptoms among participants with these co-occurring disorders? Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022412 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e022412 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John A Cunningham ◽

Christian S Hendershot ◽

Frances Kay-Lambkin ◽

Clayton Neighbors ◽

Kathleen M Griffiths ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Internet Intervention ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽

Internet Interventions ◽

Hazardous Alcohol ◽

Hazardous Alcohol Consumption

IntroductionHazardous alcohol consumption is common among people experiencing depression, often acting to exacerbate depressive symptoms. While many people with these co-occurring disorders do not seek face-to-face treatment, they do seek help online. There are effective internet interventions that target hazardous alcohol consumption or depression separately but none that combine these online interventions without the involvement of a therapist. In order to realise the potential of internet interventions, we need to develop an evidence base supporting the efficacy of internet interventions for co-occurring depression and hazardous alcohol use without any therapist involvement. This study aims to evaluate the effects on drinking, and on depressive symptoms, of combining an internet intervention targeting hazardous alcohol consumption with one for depression.Methods and analysisA double blinded, parallel group randomised controlled trial will be used. Participants with current depression who also drink in a hazardous fashion (n=986) will be recruited for a study to ‘help improve an online intervention for depression’. Participants will be randomised either to receive an established online intervention for depression (MoodGYM) or to receive MoodGYM plus a brief internet intervention for hazardous alcohol consumption (Check Your Drinking; CYD). Participants will be contacted 3 and 6 months after receiving the interventions to assess changes in drinking and depression symptoms. It is predicted that participants receiving the CYD intervention in addition to MoodGYM will report greater postintervention reductions in alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms compared with those who received MoodGYM only. Hypothesised mediation and moderation effects will also be investigated. Using an intention-to-treat basis for the analyses, the hypotheses will be tested using a generalised linear hypothesis framework, and longitudinal analyses will use either generalised linear mixed modelling or generalised estimating equation approach where appropriate.Ethics and disseminationThis research comprises the crucial first steps in developing lower-cost and efficacious internet interventions for people suffering from depression who also drink in a hazardous fashion—promoting the widespread availability of care for those in need. This study has been approved by the standing ethics review committee of the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and findings will be disseminated in the form of at least one peer-reviewed article and presentations at conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03421080; Pre-results.

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Two Paradigmatic Tales, between Genres and Genders

Extreme Exoticism ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190072704.003.0005 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 150-196

Author(s):

W. Anthony Sheppard

Keyword(s):

Silent Film ◽

Race And Gender ◽

Hollywood Film ◽

French Film ◽

Sound Film ◽

Yellow Peril ◽

Madame Butterfly ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship

This chapter focuses on multiple versions of the Madame Butterfly narrative in Hollywood film and on multiple versions of Cecil B. DeMille’s 1915 silent film The Cheat. One focus is on the relationship between music in these films and Puccini’s Madama Butterfly and on how the Butterfly narrative was reworked to project developing perceptions of race and gender. The relationship between operatic and cinematic Orientalist representation is explored in the 1932 Madame Butterfly and the 1962 My Geisha. DeMille’s “The Cheat” inspired works stoking fears of the “Yellow Peril.” The story was transformed into a play (1918). Camille Erlanger’s “Forfaiture,” the first opera to be based on a film, premiered in Paris (1921). A silent film was released in 1923 and a sound film in 1931. In 1937, a French film starred Sessue Hayakawa, the Japanese actor who played the “villain” in 1915. This offers an opportunity to compare the role of music and realization of Orientalism in four genres.

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The Relationship Between Perceived Family Support and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: What is the Moderating Role of Coping Strategies and Gender?

Community Mental Health Journal ◽

10.1007/s10597-017-0087-x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 474-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Emma Hickey ◽

Amanda Fitzgerald ◽

Barbara Dooley

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Family Support ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship ◽

Moderating Role

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The Relationship between Bullying Victimization and Suicidal Ideation among Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Depressive Symptoms and Gender Differences

Journal of School Violence ◽

10.1080/15388220.2021.1985327 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Ruohui Zhao ◽

Xuening Yao

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Chinese Adolescents ◽

Bullying Victimization ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship

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Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Predict Suicide Ideation Among Alaskan Undergraduates

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000373 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 232-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Christopher R. DeCou ◽

Monica C. Skewes

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Alcohol Problems ◽

Future Research ◽

Causal Mechanism ◽

Students At Risk ◽

The Relationship ◽

Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.

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