A perspective of contemporary cataract surgery: the most common surgical procedure in the world

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-262
Author(s):  
Charles N. J. McGhee ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Dipika V. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
The World

Development of Autonomous Robotic Cataract Surgery Device

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Francom ◽  
Clinton Burns ◽  
Philip Repisky ◽  
Benjamin Medina ◽  
Alex Kinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Parallel Mechanism ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Design Work ◽  
In Series ◽  
Extracapsular Cataract Surgery ◽  
Future Work

The current rate of incidence of cataracts is increasing faster than treatment capacity, and an autonomous robotic system is proposed to mitigate this by carrying out cataract surgeries. The robot is composed of a three actuator RPS parallel mechanism in series with an actuated rail mounted roller that moves around the eye, and is designed to perform a simplified version of the extracapsular cataract surgery procedure autonomously. The majority of the design work has been completed, and it is projected that the system will have a tool accuracy of 0.167 mm, 0.141 mm, and 0.290 mm in the x, y, and z directions, respectively. Such accuracies are within the acceptable errors of 1.77mm in the x and y directions of the horizontal plane, as well as 1.139 mm in the vertical z direction. Tracking of the tool when moving at 2 mm/s should give increments of 0.08 mm per frame, ensuring constant visual feedback. Future work will involve completing construction and testing of the device, as well as adding the capability to perform a more comprehensive surgical procedure if time allows.

scholarly journals Impact of nanosystems in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms treatment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita M Pinto ◽  
Daniela Lopes-de-Campos ◽  
M Cristina L Martins ◽  
Patrick Van Dijck ◽  
Cláudia Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
The World ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is considered by the World Health Organization as a high priority pathogen for which new therapies are needed. This is particularly important for biofilm implant-associated infections once the only available treatment option implies a surgical procedure combined with antibiotic therapy. Consequently, these infections represent an economic burden for Healthcare Systems. A new strategy has emerged to tackle this problem: for small bugs, small particles. Here, we describe how nanotechnology-based systems have been studied to treat S. aureus biofilms. Their features, drawbacks and potentialities to impact the treatment of these infections are highlighted. Furthermore, we also outline biofilm models and assays required for preclinical validation of those nanosystems to smooth the process of clinical translation.

scholarly journals Vitamin C and the Lens: New Insights into Delaying the Onset of Cataract

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3142
Author(s):  
Julie C Lim ◽  
Mariana Caballero Arredondo ◽  
Andrea J. Braakhuis ◽  
Paul J. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Lens Physiology

Cataracts or clouding of the lens is the leading cause of blindness in the world. Age and diabetes are major risk factors, and with an increasing aging and diabetic population, the burden of cataracts will grow. Cataract surgery is an effective way to restore vision; however, alternatives to cataract surgery are required to reduce the looming cataract epidemic. Since it is well established that oxidative damage plays a major role in the etiology of cataracts, antioxidants have been promoted as therapies to delay and/or prevent cataracts. However, many antioxidant interventions including vitamin C have produced mixed results as anti-cataract therapies. Progress has been made towards our understanding of lens physiology and the mechanisms involved in the delivery and uptake of antioxidants to the lens which may guide future studies aimed at addressing some of the inconsistencies seen in previous animal and human studies. Of interest is the potential for vitamin C based supplements in delaying the onset of cataracts post vitrectomy which occurs in up to 80% of patients within two years. These targeted approaches are required to reduce the burden of cataract on hospitals and improve the quality of life of our aging and diabetic population.

scholarly journals Simulating Outcomes of Cataract Surgery: Important Advances in Ophthalmology

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Marcos ◽  
Eduardo Martinez-Enriquez ◽  
Maria Vinas ◽  
Alberto de Castro ◽  
Carlos Dorronsoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Crystalline Lens ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Active Elements ◽  
The World ◽  
Lens Opacities

As the human eye ages, the crystalline lens stiffens (presbyopia) and opacifies (cataract), requiring its replacement with an artificial lens [intraocular lens (IOL)]. Cataract surgery is the most frequently performed surgical procedure in the world. The increase in IOL designs has not been paralleled in practice by a sophistication in IOL selection methods, which rely on limited anatomical measurements of the eye and the surgeon's interpretation of the patient's needs and expectations. We propose that the future of IOL selection will be guided by 3D quantitative imaging of the crystalline lens to map lens opacities, anticipate IOL position, and develop fully customized eye models for ray-tracing-based IOL selection. Conversely, visual simulators (in which IOL designs are programmed in active elements) allow patients to experience prospective vision before surgery and to make more informed decisions about which IOL to choose. Quantitative imaging and optical and visual simulations of postsurgery outcomes will allow optimal treatments to be selected for a patient undergoing modern cataract surgery. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, Volume 23 is June 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals EPHect – the Endometriosis Phenome (and Biobanking) Harmonisation Project – may be very helpful for clinicians and the women they are treating

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Miller ◽  
Neil P. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Patient History ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Extent Of Disease

This article acts as a summary of the recently published papers by the World Endometriosis Research Foundation aiming to set up the Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project.  The objective of this project is to standardise recording of patient history and characteristics, recording of surgical procedure and extent of disease as well as collection, processing and storage of specimens and consequently create a reliable resource for research into endometriosis.

scholarly journals Mirror of surgeries of gall stones diseases in Lumbini Zonal Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Narad Prasad Thapaliya ◽  
Krishna Prasad Khanal ◽  
Bhuwan Poudel ◽  
Sharad Pokharel ◽  
Ruckmeni Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Demographic Profiles ◽  
Outpatient Consultation ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
The World ◽  
Record Section

Introduction: Cholelithiasis is common cause for surgical outpatient consultation. Cholecystectomy is most common surgical procedure performed as elective basis in Lumbini Zonal Hospital, Butwal. The aim of this study is to show the mirror of surgeries of gall stones diseases in Lumbini Zonal Hospital, Butwal. Methods: A retrospective analysis of cholecystectomy performed in Lumbini Zonal Hospital over a period of 5 years (Biasakh 2069BS- Chaitra 2073BS) was done after the approval from ethical committee. Demographic profiles, complications and other required information were retrieved from the documents available in medical record section. Results: Total of 372 cholecystectomies were done for different spectrum of gallstones diseases during the study period. Most of the patients were female (341, 92%). The age distribution of the operated patients was 17 years to 75 years. Most of the operated patients (190, 51.07%) were in their productive age (17- 40 years). Most common complications found post operatively were chest infection, SSI. Mid hospital stay was 3.16 days (1-6 days). Total bile duct injury was 1 (0.26%) comparable to other studies. Conclusion: Cholecystectomy is one of the most common operative procedures performed in our hospital with postoperative outcomes comparable to reported outcomes of other institutions of the world.

Color Vision Differences Following Retinal Detachment and Subsequent Cataract Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Susan Farnand ◽  
Rajeev Ramchandran ◽  
Mark Fairchild
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
The World ◽  
Visual Phenomena ◽  
Visual Health

In September 2017, the first author suffered a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. This experience included a series of remarkable, sometimes unsettling visual phenomena, which included visible differences in the color vision between her two eyes during the recovery from retinal detachment, as a cataract developed, and following cataract surgery. Her right eye is now equipped with a new lens, replacing one that had yellowed from years of exposure to ultraviolet radiation, which provides a cooler view of the world than before retinal detachment, with slight distortions, and occasionally with sparkles early in the morning. In this review, the color vision changes that were experienced are quantified and detailed. While this does not represent a typical study with a hypothesis and testing of various participants, we hope that it inspires others to ask interesting questions that lead to increased consideration of the relationships between perception and visual health and that it raises awareness of the warning signs of retinal detachment.

Endophthalmitis Prophylaxis in Cataract Surgery: Overview of Current Practice Patterns Around the World

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Behnding ◽  
Ravilla Ravindran ◽  
Harry Flynn ◽  
Nidhi Relhan ◽  
Julio Hernandez-Camarena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
The World

Modeling the Optical Performance of the Human Cornea Following Refractive Surgery

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Pinsky ◽  
Dolf van der Heide
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽  
Human Cornea ◽  
Lens Extraction ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Stromal Tissue ◽  
State Of Tension

Disturbances of the stromal microstructure occurring in refractive surgical procedures may create unexpected and undesired changes to the vision quality of the eye. Examples of common procedures which can profoundly alter the integrity of the stroma include laser ablation techniques such as Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for treating myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism, scleral incisions for lens extraction in cataract surgery and conducting keratoplasty (CK) for the treatment of hyperopia and presbyopia. The stroma is the primary load-carrying layer of the cornea and in the normal eye it is in a state of tension resulting from the intraocular pressure (IOP). When a surgical procedure disrupts the stromal tissue, the stresses in the tissue will be redistributed inducing what may be called the biomechanical response of the tissue to the surgical procedure. In the case of LASIK and CK, for example, surgeons wish to change the optical power of the cornea by reshaping the anterior surface. Biomechanically induced deformations may cause the achieved power to deviate from the planned correction and may also introduce aberrations in the resulting optical path. In contrast, in cataract surgery, surgeons may wish to preserve the original power of the cornea and in this case biomechanical deformations may defeat this objective.

scholarly journals Simultaneous robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer and prostatic lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Kojima ◽  
Kazuhiro Sakamoto ◽  
Shigeo Horie ◽  
Yuichi Tomiki ◽  
Masaya Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Robotic Surgery ◽  
Anterior Resection ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Low Anterior Resection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
The World ◽  
Robot Assisted Surgery

Abstract Robotic surgery has become prevalent in many departments all over the world because of its usefulness. It is used in many cases, as well as in gastrointestinal surgery, which treats the rectum as pelvic surgery, urology and gynecology. We experienced two cases of joint surgery, with urology as pelvic surgery. The patient underwent robot-assisted low anterior resection, combined prostate resection and ileostomy for prostate invasion of rectal cancer. He was discharged without any complications. Robotic surgery was considered to be useful in surgery to manipulate the same area. In addition, it was considered that smoother and safer surgical procedure could be possible by conducting preoperative meetings with the participating departments.

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