Determining the Impact of an Educational Intervention on Family Medicine Residents’ Social Cognitions and Behavior for Discussing Physical Activity

Objective Dealing with uncertainty is a core competence for physicians. To evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on family medicine residents’ (FMRs’) intention to request diagnostic tests and their attitudes toward uncertainty. Methods Nonrandomized controlled trial. Intervention group (IG) FMRs participated in interactive “dealing with uncertainty” seminars comprising statistical lessons and diagnostic reasoning. Control group (CG) FMRs participated in seminars without in-depth diagnostic lessons. FMRs completed the Dealing with Uncertainty Questionnaire (DUQ), comprising the Diagnostic Action and Diagnostic Reasoning scales. The Physicians’ Reaction to Uncertainty (PRU) questionnaire, comprising 4 scales (Anxiety Due to Uncertainty, Concern about Bad Outcomes, Reluctance to Disclose Uncertainty to Patients, and Reluctance to Disclose Mistakes to Physicians) was also completed. Follow-up was performed 3 months later. Differences were calculated with repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results In total, 107 FMRs of the IG and 102 FMRs of the CG participated at baseline and follow-up. The mean (SD) Diagnostic Action scale score decreased from 24.0 (4.8) to 22.9 (5.1) in the IG and increased in the CG from 23.7 (5.4) to 24.1 (5.4), showing significant group difference ( P = 0.006). The Diagnostic Reasoning scale increased significantly ( P = 0.025) without a significant group difference ( P = 0.616), from 19.2 (2.6) to 19.7 (2.4) in the IG and from 18.1 (3.3) to 18.8 (3.2) in the CG. The PRU scale Anxiety Due to Uncertainty decreased significantly ( P = 0.029) without a significant group difference ( P = 0.116), from 20.5 (4.8) to 18.5 (5.5) in the IG and from 19.9 (5.5) to 19.0 (6.0) in the CG. Conclusion The structured seminar reduced self-rated diagnostic test requisition. The change in Anxiety Due to Uncertainty and Diagnostic Reasoning might be due to an unspecific accompanying effect of the extra-occupational seminars for residents.

Download Full-text

Translating promoting factors and behavior change principles into the blended and technology supported intervention “Foxfit” to stimulate physical activity in children with asthma: Design study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.34121 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Annette Brons ◽

Katja Braam ◽

Aline Broekema ◽

Annieck Timmerman ◽

Karel Millenaar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Developmental Process ◽

Intervention Mapping ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Change Principles ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Impact ◽

Functional Components

BACKGROUND Children with asthma can decrease the impact of their disease by improving their physical activity (PA). However, healthcare providers lack in interventions for children with asthma that effectively increase their PA levels and achieve behavior change regarding PA. A technology supported approach can positively influence PA and physical functioning in children. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop a technology supported intervention that facilitates healthcare providers in promoting PA for children with asthma and to systematically describe this developmental process. METHODS Intervention mapping (IM) was applied to develop a blended and technology supported intervention in co-creation with children with asthma, their parents, and healthcare providers. According to the IM framework, the following steps were performed: 1) conduct a needs assessment; 2) define the intervention outcome, performance objectives, and change objectives; 3) select theory based intervention methods and strategies; 4) create components of the intervention and conduct pilot tests; 5) create an implementation plan; and 6) create an evaluation plan. RESULTS We developed the blended intervention “Foxfit” that consists of an app with a physical activity monitor (PAM) for children with asthma, and a web-based dashboard for their healthcare provider. The intervention focusses on PA in everyday life to improve social participation. Foxfit contains components based on behavior change principles and gamification: goal setting, rewards, action planning, (self-)monitoring, shaping knowledge, a gamified story, personal coaching and feedback, and a tailored approach. CONCLUSIONS The IM framework was very useful to systematically develop a technology supported intervention and to describe the translational process from scientific evidence, the needs and wishes of future users, and behavior change principles into this intervention. This has led to the technology supported intervention Foxfit that facilitates healthcare providers in promoting PA in children with asthma. The structured description of the development process and functional components shows the way behavior change techniques are incorporated in the intervention. CLINICALTRIAL Dutch Trial Register: NTR6658

Download Full-text

A Pilot Study to Address Tolerance of Uncertainty Among Family Medicine Residents

Family Medicine ◽

10.22454/fammed.2018.634768 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (7) ◽

pp. 531-538 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Deborah Taylor ◽

Bethany Picker ◽

Donald Woolever ◽

Erin K. Thayer ◽

Patricia A. Carney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Medicine ◽

Family Physicians ◽

Medical Problems ◽

Sustained Improvement ◽

Tolerance Of Ambiguity ◽

New Curriculum ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Tolerance Of Uncertainty ◽

The Impact ◽

Family Medicine Residents

Background and Objectives: Because patients often present to their family physicians with undifferentiated medical problems, uncertainty is common. Family medicine residents must manage both the ambiguity inherent in the field as well as the very real uncertainty of learning to become a skilled physician with little experience to serve as a guide. The purpose of this analysis was to assess the impact of a new curriculum on family medicine residents’ tolerance of ambiguity. Methods: We conducted an exploratory quasi-experimental study to assess the impact of a novel curriculum designed to improve family medicine residents’ tolerance of ambiguity. Four different surveys were administered to 25 family medicine residents at different stages in their training prior to and immediately and 6 months after the new curriculum. Results: Although many constructs remained unchanged with the intervention, one important construct, namely perceived threats of ambiguity, showed significant and sustained improvement relative to before undertaking this curriculum (score of 26.2 prior to the intervention, 22.1 immediately after, and 22.0 6 months after the intervention). Conclusions: A new curriculum designed to improve tolerance to ambiguity appears to reduce the perceived threats of ambiguity in this small exploratory study.

Download Full-text

IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION ON SMOKING KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENTS IN SCHOOLS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRY [RAWALPINDI PAKISTAN].

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i3.142 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Prof Dr Ishaq Khan ◽

Junaid Ishaq Khan ◽

Rohail Khan

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Smoking Habit ◽

Adult Life ◽

Early Years ◽

P Value ◽

Education Intervention ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Impact

Background: Smoking is one of the leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity, Adolescent are more prone to develop smoking habit and continues it into adult life. Early smokers are associated with increased number of cigarettes uptake in adulthood and decreased quit rates. It is stated that adult smokers usually initiate smoking in their early years and there are less chances that they cease smoking in their adulthood. Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the impact of educational intervention on knowledge, attitude and behavior of adolescent aged 14-19 years. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study followed by an education intervention was conducted from June 2017 to August 2018. 650 adolescents who were found to be current smokers were included in this study. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Chi square test was applied at p value of 0.05. Results: Before intervention 90.7% adolescent considered smoking as a bad habit which significantly increases to 96.9% after educational intervention. Significant improvement in attitude of respondents was seen after intervention. Proportion of adolescent who intend to quit smoking increases from 35.2% to 72.2% after educational intervention. As a result of an educational intervention proportion of adolescent who uses complete stick at one time decreases from 83.5% to 65%. Conclusion: Health education on smoking is effective in motivating adolescents to quit smoking. In order to reduce smoking rates among adolescent’s education intervention strategies should be adopted at large scale. It is recommended that health education program on smoking should be organized by schools and colleges which will lead to overall low smoking prevalence. Keywords: Adolescents, Smoking, Knowledge, Health education

Download Full-text

The Associations Between Preceptor Team Lead Relationships and Resident Wellness in an Academic Medicine Setting: An Exploratory Study

PRiMER ◽

10.22454/primer.2017.1.5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cesar A. Gonzalez ◽

Natalie E Gentile ◽

Kurt B Angstman ◽

Julia R Craner ◽

Robert P. Bonacci

Keyword(s):

Family Medicine ◽

Self Care ◽

Well Being ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Resident Wellness ◽

Team Based Care ◽

Perception Of Support ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Family Medicine Residents

Background: Lack of wellness among physicians has been associated with increased risk for physical and mental illness, interpersonal discord, and occupational liability. In academic primary care practices, physician wellness and self-care behaviors have been associated with improved patient outcomes. With the increase in team-based care structures in primary care clinics and residencies there may be opportunities to promote wellness among primary clinicians, particularly among resident physicians who are at increased risk for decreased well being. The primary objective of the study was to test an a priori hypothesis that family medicine residents’ perception of support from preceptor team leads would be associated with wellbeing. A secondary objective of the study was to test a post hoc hypothesis that examined whether the relationship between residents’ perception of support from their preceptor team leads would be associated with residents’ well being, while controlling for self-care behaviors. Methods: Our study utilized a prospective cross-sectional design with purposive sampling to survey family medicine residents. Data were collected in February 2016. The survey was sent out to 58 family medicine residents across three family medicine residencies at Mayo Clinic. The survey response rate was 55% (n=32); Ten (31.3%) residents reported being in their PGY-1, 11 (34.4%) in PGY-2; and 11 (34.4%) in PGY-3; participants included 19 (59.4%) women and 13 (40.6%) men. The Brief Resident Wellness Profile (BRWP) was utilized to assess family medicine residents’ perceived sense of professional accomplishment and mood in the past week. Results: In bivariate correlational analyses, increased perception of support from preceptor team leads (r=.40, P<.01) and reporting a male gender (r=.43, P<.01) was associated with increased resident wellness. In exploratory multivariate analysis, results suggested that while controlling for gender, frequency of self-care behaviors, and perceived preceptor team lead support, a one-point change on rating of perceived team leader support is associated with a 1.69 increase in resident wellness score on the BRWP. Conclusions: Our results provide preliminary evidence to support the relationship between preceptor team lead support and resident wellness in team-based care, above and beyond the impact that self-behaviors have on wellness. Our findings suggest evidence for the subsequent study of the impact of preceptor team lead relationship quality on resident wellness.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Educational Intervention by Theory of Planned Behavior for Promoting Physical Activity among Middle-Aged Women Referring to Karaj Health Centers

10.21203/rs.2.18067/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Elham Mirzaei ◽

Farbod Ebadi Fard Azar ◽

Arash Ziapour ◽

Nammam Ali Azadi ◽

Mostafa Qorbani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Health Centers ◽

Control Group ◽

Attitude Score ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Aims Physical activity is the most critical determinant of physical health which reduces the health risks during life. This designed study aims to evaluate the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on promoting physical activity among middle-aged women attending the health centers in Karaj city during 2017-2018. Methods This research was a quasi-experimental controlled trial, and the study incorporated 140 Middle-Aged Women Referring to Karaj Health Centers assigned randomly to a control and intervention group (70 each group). Participants enrolling in the survey were asked to complete the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and also the theory of planned behavior measures at the baseline and the end of the study. The study applied Nonparametric Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests and ANCOVA to interpret the results. Results The results revealed participants' age range between 30 to 50 years with the mean and standard deviation scores 40.07 (8.750) in training and 45.81 (8.513) at the control group. The intervention improved the theory of planned behavior measures and the physical activities of participants. The results showed a significant difference in the attitude score, the perceived behavioral control score, and the level of subjective norms between two training and non-training groups (P<0.001). The followed-up physical activity score also showed an improvement in the IPAQ score of participants in the training group (p<0.001). Conclusions The findings suggested the effectiveness of training based on the theory of planned behavior in the promotion of physical activity among middle-aged women.

Download Full-text

The impact of educational intervention on physical activity, nutrition and laboratory parameters in type II diabetic patients

Electronic physician ◽

10.19082/4207 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 4207-4214 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aghbabak Maheri ◽

Maryam Asnaashari ◽

Hamid Joveini ◽

Azar Tol ◽

Ali Asghar Firouzian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type Ii ◽

Laboratory Parameters ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

The Impact of Educational Intervention Based on Theory of Planned Behavior for Promoting Physical Activity Among Middle-Aged Women Referring to Karaj (Iran) Health Centers

International Quarterly of Community Health Education ◽

10.1177/0272684x20972849 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 0272684X2097284

Author(s):

Elham Mirzaei ◽

Farbod Ebadi Fard Azar ◽

Arash Ziapour ◽

Nammam Ali Azadi ◽

Mostafa Qorbani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Health Centers ◽

Control Group ◽

Attitude Score ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Background Physical activity is the most critical determinant of physical health which reduces the health risks during life. This designed study aims to evaluate the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on promoting physical activity among middle-aged women attending the health centers in Karaj city during 2017–2018. Methods This research was a quasi-experimental controlled trial, and the study incorporated 140 Middle-Aged Women Referring to Karaj Health Centers assigned randomly to a control and intervention group (70 each group). Participants enrolling in the survey were asked to complete the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and also the theory of planned behavior measures at the baseline and the end of the study. The SPSS software were used, to analyze the data. The study applied Nonparametric Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests and ANCOVA to interpret the results. Results The results revealed participants' age range between 30 to 50 years with the mean and standard deviation scores 40.07 (8.750) in training and 45.81 (8.513) at the control group. The intervention improved the theory of planned behavior measures and the physical activities of participants. The results showed a significant difference in the attitude score, the perceived behavioral control score, and the level of subjective norms between two training and non-training groups (P < 0.001). The followed-up physical activity score also showed an improvement in the IPAQ score of participants in the training group (p < 0.001). Conclusions The results of this specific study support the effectiveness of the theory of planned behavior for promoting the physical activity of women.

Download Full-text

Pilot Study: Evaluating the Impact of Pharmacist Patient-Specific Medication Recommendations for Diabetes Mellitus Therapy to Family Medicine Residents

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy8030158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 158

Author(s):

Camlyn Masuda ◽

Rachel Randall ◽

Marina Ortiz

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Family Medicine ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Diabetes Education ◽

Office Visit ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

The Impact ◽

Family Medicine Residents

Pharmacists have demonstrated effectiveness in managing diabetes mellitus (DM) and lowering hemoglobin A1C (A1C) through direct patient management. Often patients with diabetes and elevated A1C may not be able to come into the clinic for separate appointments with a pharmacist or for diabetes education classes. A novel way that pharmacists can assist in improving the control of patients’ diabetes and improve prescriber understanding and the use of medications for diabetes is by providing medication recommendations to medical residents prior to the patient’s appointment with the medical resident. The results of this pilot study indicate that the recommendations provided to family medicine residents and implemented at the patient’s office visit helped to lower A1C levels, although the population size was too small to show statistical significance. This pilot study’s results support performing a larger study to determine if the pharmacist’s recommendation not only improves patient care by lowering A1C levels but if it also helps improve medical resident’s understanding and use of medications for diabetes.

Download Full-text

Dealing With the Concepts of “Grief” and “Grieving” in the Classroom: Children’s Perceptions, Emotions, and Behavior

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.1177/0030222815626717 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 77 (3) ◽

pp. 240-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Polyxeni Stylianou ◽

Michalinos Zembylas

Keyword(s):

Educational Intervention ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Research Study ◽

Emotional Responses ◽

Fifth Grade ◽

Pedagogical Practice ◽

Personal Experiences ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Impact ◽

Grade Classroom

This article presents an action research study that explores how a fifth-grade classroom of 10- to 11-year-old children in Cyprus perceive the concepts of grief and grieving, after an educational intervention provided space for discussing such issues. It also explores the impact that the intervention program had on children’s emotions while exploring these concepts and illustrates how it affected their behavior. The findings suggest that the intervention had a constructive impact on children’s understandings of grief and grieving along two important dimensions. First, the intervention helped children better define emotional responses to loss (grief). Second, children seemed to overcome their anxiety while talking about grief and grieving and were able to share relevant personal experiences. The study has important implications for curriculum development, pedagogical practice, and teacher training on death education.

Download Full-text