Evaluation of the effects of chitosan/multiwalled carbon nanotubes composite on physical, mechanical and biological properties of polymethyl methacrylate-based bone cements

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Soleymani Eil Bakhtiari ◽  
Saeed Karbasi ◽  
Sayed Ali Hassanzadeh Tabrizi ◽  
Reza Ebrahimi-Kahrizsangi ◽  
Hossein Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon

scholarly journals Polymethyl Methacrylate-Based Bone Cements Containing Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide: An Overview of Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Soleymani Eil Bakhtiari ◽  
Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad ◽  
Saeed Karbasi ◽  
Mohamadreza Tavakoli ◽  
Mahmood Razzaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Bone Fixation ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
Carbon Based

Every year, millions of people in the world get bone diseases and need orthopedic surgery as one of the most important treatments. Owing to their superior properties, such as acceptable biocompatibility and providing great primary bone fixation with the implant, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based bone cements (BCs) are among the essential materials as fixation implants in different orthopedic and trauma surgeries. On the other hand, these BCs have some disadvantages, including Lack of bone formation and bioactivity, and low mechanical properties, which can lead to bone cement (BC) failure. Hence, plenty of studies have been concentrating on eliminating BC failures by using different kinds of ceramics and polymers for reinforcement and also by producing composite materials. This review article aims to evaluate mechanical properties, self-setting characteristics, biocompatibility, and bioactivity of the PMMA-based BCs composites containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and carbon-based compounds. In the present study, we compared the effects of CNTs and GO as reinforcement agents in the PMMA-based BCs. Upcoming study on the PMMA-based BCs should concentrate on trialing combinations of these carbon-based reinforcing agents as this might improve beneficial characteristics.

Determinate the Fracture Toughness of PMMA Cement

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 758-761
Author(s):  
Tong Fu Wang ◽  
Sheng Peng Ding ◽  
Hai Chuan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Pmma Cement

In this paper, adding multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to the polymethylmethacrylate-based (PMMA) bone cements as a way of reinforcement were prepared, and the structure was investigated. The aim of this study was to confirmed the transverse-direction fracture toughness (KIv) in bone cement. TheKIvof PMMA cement and PMMA/MWNCTs cement were determined to be 1.32±0.1 MPa m1/2and 1.96±0.1 MPa m1/2, respectively.

scholarly journals The effects of nano-sized carbon fillers on the physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological properties of polyester nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zygmunt Staniszewski ◽  
Peter Sobolewski ◽  
Agnieszka Piegat ◽  
Miroslawa El Fray
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Soft Segment ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Hard Segments ◽  
Carbon Nanofillers

<p>Nanocomposites based on poly(ethylene terephthalate-ethylene dilinoleate) (PET-DLA) copolymers of different hard to soft segment ratios (40:60 and 60:40) and three different carbon nanofillers of different aspect ratios (dimensions), as 0D carbon black, 1D multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and 2D graphene, have been prepared <i>in situ</i>during two-stage polymerization. FTIR and NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize the chemical structures of the obtained nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated very good dispersions of all carbon nanofillers in both polymer matrices. DSC results revealed that the addition of nano-sized fillers eliminated cold crystallization of materials containing 40% hard segments in polymer matrix. We found that the high aspect ratio, 1D nano-filler (multiwalled carbon nanotubes) strongly nucleated crystallization of materials containing 60% of hard segments. This nanofiller also yielded the greatest improvement in the Young’s modulus as assessed by tensile tests, both at 24 ºC and 37 ºC. On the other hand, for nanocomposites containing 2D nanofiller (graphene) we observed reduced bacterial adhesion. Finally, <i>in vitro </i>cytocompatibility tests with L929 murine fibroblasts demonstrated cell growth on all materials except nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes, where the lowest fibroblast viability was observed.</p>

scholarly journals Cisplatin Loaded Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Induce Resistance in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalina Badea ◽  
Mariana Prodana ◽  
Anca Dinischiotu ◽  
Carmen Crihana ◽  
Daniela Ionita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
High Doses

In this paper we developed a method for multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) use as carriers for a drug based on platinum in breast cancer therapy. The method of functionalization involves the carboxyl functionalization of nanotubes and encapsulation of cisplatin (CDDP) into MWCNTs. The biological properties of MWCNTs loaded with CDDP (MWCNT-COOH-CDDP) and of individual components MWCNT-COOH and free CDDP were evaluated on MDA-MB-231 cells. Various concentrations of CDDP (0.316–2.52 µg/mL) and MWCNTs (0.5–4 µg/mL) were applied on cells for 24 and 48 h. Only at high doses of CDDP (1.26 and 2.52 µg/mL) and MWCNT-COOH-CDDP (2 and 4 µg/mL) cell morphological changes were observed. The cellular viability decreased only with approx. 40% after 48 h of exposure to 2.52 µg/mL CDDP and 4 µg/mL MWCNT-COOH-CDDP despite the high reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by MWCNTs starting with 24 h. After 48 h, ROS level dropped as a result of the antioxidant defence activation. We also found a significant decrease of caspase-3 and p53 expression after 48 h, accompanied by a down-regulation of NF-κB in cells exposed to MWCNT-COOH-CDDP system which promotes apoptosis escape and thus failing to overcome the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells resistance.

MWCNTs-polymer composites characterization through spectroscopies: FTIR and Raman

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (63) ◽  
pp. 3757-3762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco G. Granados-Martínez ◽  
José J. Contreras-Navarrete ◽  
Jael M. Ambriz-Torres ◽  
Carmen J. Gutiérrez-García ◽  
Diana L. García-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Polymeric Matrices ◽  
Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTComposites from carbon nanotubes and polymers have been synthesized and studied. The composites were obtained joining carbon nanotubes with polymethyl methacrylate, nylon-6 and polystyrene. The materials were observed through scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the carbon nanotubes dispersion in the polymeric matrices. FTIR and Raman spectroscopies were used to analyze the interactions among functionalized and non-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polymers, demonstrating affinity and peculiar spectra behaviors for each composite with different carbon nanotubes loads.

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