The status of heavy metals in arable soils of contrasting texture treated by biochar – an experiment from Slovakia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Vladimír Šimanský ◽  
Jerzy Jonczak ◽  
Juraj Chlpík ◽  
Nora Polláková
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
The Status

Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Recovery Plan ◽  
Gravel Mining ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
The Status ◽  
Initial Recovery

<em>Abstract</em>.—The Neosho madtom <em>Noturus placidus</em> is a small ictalurid formally recognized as a species in 1969 and federally listed as threatened in 1990. What is presented here is an in-depth review of research done on Neosho madtom since it was listed as threatened. The overall goal is to directly address questions put forth in the original recovery plan. Information presented provides a basis for updating the status of and current recovery plan for the Neosho madtom along with guidance as to additional research needed for Neosho madtom recovery efforts to be successful. Currently, Neosho madtoms are found in main stems of the Neosho, Cottonwood, and Spring rivers in Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma. These three rivers have been altered by reservoirs, heavy metals contamination, and gravel mining. Effects of these factors were identified as areas of information needed for recovery of the species, along with a better understanding of its reproductive biology and overall ecology. Since the initial recovery plan was written, numerous research efforts have and continue to address these questions through collaborative studies involving a partnership among federal and state agencies, private landowners, and universities. Within the Spring River, Neosho madtom populations are limited by poor habitat quality in the upper section (i.e., upstream of Center Creek) and by heavy metals contamination in the lower. In the Neosho River system, the decrease in Neosho madtom densities downstream of John Redmond Reservoir seems to be related to decreased turbidity and coarser substrate. Other benthic fishes found with the Neosho madtom, such as the channel catfish <em>Ictalurus punctatus</em>, have shown a similar change in density. Neosho mad-tom population declines also have been linked to low-head dams, which result in decreased flow and increased siltation upstream and coarsening of substrate downstream. Furthermore, Neosho madtom reproductive behavior has been shown to be related to environmental cues such as photoperiod, temperature, and water velocity, thereby indicating potential for reservoir release patterns to disrupt reproduction through changes in flow. Research has shown that Neosho madtom populations are limited by different factors in different parts of the species’ geographic range. Additional research is needed on Neosho madtom movement rates among gravel bars, population genetics, aging methods, age distribution within wild populations, growth rates, population viability, effects of predation, and sensitivity to environmental contaminants.

Heavy metal concentrations in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria alexandrina uninfected or infected with cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni and/or Echinostoma liei in Egypt: the potential use of this snail as a bioindicator of pollution

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M.S. Mostafa ◽  
A.-T.H. Mossa ◽  
H.M.A. El Einin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Biomphalaria Alexandrina ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
The Status

AbstractIn spite of using aquatic snails as bioindicators for water pollution, little attention has been paid to the effect of parasitism upon the concentration of heavy metals (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) in these organisms. The present study therefore aimed to compare the concentrations of heavy metals in trematode-infected Biomphalaria alexandrina collected from Kafer Alsheikh and Menofia provinces, Egypt, with uninfected snails from the same sites, in order to assess the effect of parasitism on the use of these snails as bioindicators. The concentrations of heavy metals in the soft parts and shells of snails were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed that the heavy metal profile in snails infected with Echinostoma liei was very different from that in snails infected with Schistosoma mansoni. The total concentration of heavy metals in E. liei-infected snails collected from Kafer Alsheikh or Menofia province was greater than in uninfected snails. In contrast, the total concentration of heavy metals in S. mansoni-infected snails was reduced compared with uninfected snails. In conclusion, the status of snails with respect to parasitic infection must be taken into consideration when these snails are used as bioindicators.

scholarly journals Status of soil heavy metals contamination using contamination indices in shallot fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Triyani Dewi ◽  
Edhi Martono ◽  
Eko Hanudin ◽  
Rika Harini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Contamination Indices ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
The Status

Monitoring and assessment of heavy metal concentrations in shallot fields are needed to evaluate the potential risk of contamination due to heavy metals. This study aims to define the status of heavy metal contamination in shallot fields using contamination indices. A total of 184 soil samples (0-20 cm) were taken from shallot fields in Brebes Regency, Central Java. The soil samples were analyzed for the concentration of five heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, and Co) with HNO3 and HClO4 extracts and measured using AAS. Assessment of the status of heavy metals contamination in the soil using contaminant factor (CF), geo-accumulation index (I-geo), and pollution load index (PLI). The mean concentration in shallot fields showed the following order Cr > Ni > Pb > Co > Cd and the concentration were still below critical limit values. Four metals are Pb, Cr, Co, and Ni are low contamination (CF<1), while Cd is considerable until very high contamination factor. Based on I-geo values, shallot fields are practically uncontaminated of Pb, Co, Ni, and Cr (I-geo<1), meanwhile the status of Cd is uncontaminated to moderately contaminated (0<I-geo<1). Generally, the shallot fields in Brebes Regency, Central Java is unpolluted with five metals (PLI<1).

scholarly journals A Physiological behavior and tolerance of Lactuca sativa to lead nitrate and silver nitrate heavy metals

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. O. Santos ◽  
E.S. Silva ◽  
P. Silva ◽  
M. A. C. Silva ◽  
L. A. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
National Council ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Abstract This study goal to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of lead (Pb) and silver (Ag) on germination, initial growth and anatomical alterations of Lactuca sativa L. Plants use various mechanisms to reduce the impacts caused by anthropic action, such as xenobiotic elements of soils and water contaminated by heavy metals. These metals were supplied as lead nitrate and silver nitrate and the following treatments were established: control for both metals, maximum dose of heavy metals, for arable soils, allowed by the National Council of the Environment (Ag = 25 mg. Kg-1, Pb = 180 mg. Kg-1), double (Ag = 50 mg. Kg-1, Pb = 360 mg. Kg-1) and triple (Ag = 75 mg. Kg-1, Pb = 540 mg. Kg -1) of this dosage. Vigor and germination tests of the seeds and possible anatomical changes in the leaves and roots of lettuce plants were performed. The species showed a high capacity to germinate under Pb and Ag stress, and the germination was never completely inhibited; however, the germination decreased with increasing Pb concentrations, but not under Ag stress. The use of increasing doses of metals reduced seed vigor and increased chlorophyll content. An increase in biomass was also observed in plants from treatments submitted to Pb. The phytotoxic effects of metals were more pronounced at 15 days after sowing. Anatomically, L. sativa was influenced by metal concentrations, and had a reduction of up to 79.9% in root epidermis thickness at the highest Pb concentration, although some structures did not suffer significant changes. The results suggest that L. sativa presents tolerance to high concentrations of heavy metals, showing possible mechanisms to overcome the stress caused by these metals. In this research lettuce possibly used the mechanism of exclusion of metals retaining Pb and Ag in the roots preserving the photosynthetic apparatus in the aerial part of the plants. In general, the chemical element Pb was more toxic than Ag, in these experimental conditions.

Sewage Sludge in China: Challenges Toward a Sustainable Future

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. He ◽  
F. Lü ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
L. M. Shao ◽  
D. J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
The Status ◽  
Heat Value ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Trace Pollutants

Sewage sludge is of increasing concern in China, due to extended sewerage control and advanced wastewater treatments resulting from urbanization and economic growth. Based on the evolution of municipal sewage generation and treatment technologies in the last decade, as well as the long-term national and local plans in China, the paper elucidates production, distribution and characteristics (organics, nutrients, heat value, heavy metals, trace pollutants, pathogens) of sludge in some typical districts of China. The status and challenges of sludge management are discussed.

scholarly journals ROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ORE DEPOSITS DAGESTAN (ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.И. Черкашин ◽  
И.М. Газалиев
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
The Status

Целью работы является оценка влияния на окружающую среду выявленных в ходе геологоразведочных работ 1964-1983 гг. рудопроявлений Хнов-Борчинского рудного поля и медно-колчеданного месторождения Кизил-Дере. В основу работы положены данные химических анализов вод рек района исследований и результаты анализа опубликованных материалов по данной тематике. Результаты исследований свидетельствуют о загрязнении водных систем района тяжелыми металлами. Это связывается с тем, что после разведочных работ на рудопроявлениях не проведены в полном объеме ликвидационные, консервационные и рекультивационные работы. Преобладающие в составе руд сульфиды железа, меди, свинца и цинка, взаимодействуя с кислородом воздуха и грунтовыми водами, превращаются в купоросы и сбрасываются в речные системы. Сохранение существующего положения вещей в долгосрочном аспекте может привести к активизации окислительно-восстановительных процессов, процессов выщелачивания в условиях поверхности месторождения Кизил-Дере, к прогрессирующему химическому загрязнению вод и земель бассейна р. Самур солями тяжелых металлов, ухудшению качества питьевых и орошаемых вод, а также к безвозвратному истощению уникального месторождения полезных ископаемых. Учитывая вышесказанное можно сделать вывод. В существующей ситуации считаем необходимым безотлагательное проведение работ по консервации рудопроявлений Хнов-Борчинского рудного поля, которые можно выполнить в рамках действующей Федеральной целевой программы «Ликвидация на- копленного экологического ущерба». При принятии решения о разработке месторождения Кизил-Дередолжен быть разработан проект его разработки с последующим выполнением оценки воздействия на окружающую среду (ОВОС). Это позволит оценить конкретные экономические выгоды от реализации проекта, экологические риски и уровень мероприятий по охране окружающей среды The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of the ore-occurrences, identified during the geological exploration in 1964-1983, on the environment in the Khnov-Borchinsk ore-field and Kizil-Dere copper-pyrite deposit. The study is based on the chemical analysis data of the waters from the study area and the analysis of published materials on the subject. Results of the study indicate contamination of water systems of the area with heavy metals. This is attributed to the fact that after the exploration there were not carried out the liquidation, conservation and reclamation works on the ore occurrences in full scale. Sulphides of iron, copper, lead and zinc, prevailing in the composition of ores, interacting with oxygen in the air and groundwater, convert into sulfate and are discharged into the river systems. Preserving the status quo in the long run can lead to the activation of the redox processes, leaching processes under the surface of the field of Kizil-Dere, progressive chemical contamination of waters and lands of the Samur river basin with salts of heavy metals, deterioration in quality of drinking and irrigation waters, as well as to the permanent depletion of the unique mineral deposit. The above said allows to conclude that in the current situation we consider it necessary to urgently conduct the works on conservation of the Khnov-Borchinsk ore-field occurrences, which can be done under the existing federal target program “The elimination of accumulated environmental damage.” When deciding on the Kizil-Dere field the exploration project, followed by the implementation of environmental impact assessment (EIA) should be developed. It will allow assessing the specific economic benefits of the project, environmental risks and the level of measures to protect the environment.

scholarly journals Status of Surface Water from Selected Areas of Coastal Guyana and the Removal of Toxic Contaminants, using a Suitable Adsorbent

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study was done, to compare the status of surface water taken from two different locations within the coastal areas of Guyana, before and after treatment with a peanut biomass adsorbent. The water samples were collected from Parika Bushy Park and Vreed En Hoop and stored in water bottles. It was then submitted for physical and chemical analyses using versatile standard methods. These include test for heavy metals cations (Pb, Fe, Zn, Cd, and Al), test for anions (chlorides, sulphates, phosphates) along with the physical parameters (turbidity and conductivity). There was no detection for the toxic lead and cadmium cations at either surface water. The adsorbent was effective in removing Fe<sup>2+</sup> at both surface water as there was a decrease in concentration. For example, at Vreed En Hoop surface water, the concentration of Fe<sup>2+</sup> decrease from (8.42 ± 2.14 mg/L) to (5.56± 3.42 mg/L), 33.96% reduction, after treatment with the adsorbent. For the Al<sup>3+</sup> cation, there was a decrease in the concentration of Al<sup>3+</sup> from (5.97 ± 0.67mg/L) to (4.20 ± 1.90 mg/L ), 29.65%. For the SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> and Cl- anions, there was a decrease in concentration at the Vreed En Hoop surface water, after treatment with the adsorbent. With SO42-, the concentration decrease from 346 ± 3.15 mg/L to 293 ± 1.77 mg/L, 15.31%, whilst that for chloride, Cl-, decrease from 116 ± 1.75 mg/L to 102 ± 1.70 mg/L, 12.07% reduction. Thus, the peanut shell should find application in the removal of selective cations and anions from surface water.

scholarly journals Quality Indeks dan Konsentrasi Logam Berat dalam Perairan dan Sedimen di Perairan Kota Makassar

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Funty Septiyawati Polapa ◽  
Rahmawati Nur Annisa ◽  
Rahmawati Nur Annisa ◽  
Dewi Yanuarita ◽  
Dewi Yanuarita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
The Status ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality ◽  
River Mouths

Kota Makassar merupakan pusat kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan yang memiliki aktifitas wilayah pesisir, seperti pemanfataan industri, pariwisata, transportasi laut serta memiliki dua sungai besar yang muara di perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasilogam berat dalam air dan sedimen serta menentukan status mutunya. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 10 lokasi strategis sumber pencemar seperti pabrik, hotel, muara sungai serta pelabuhan dengan mengambil sampel air dan sedimen dan selanjutnya dianalisis di laboratorium untuk logam berat Cd, Cr, Hg, Zn, Cu dan Pb. Statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang ada. Metode Indeks Pencemar dan Storet (Storage and Retrieval) digunakan untuk menentukan status mutu air dan sedimen dari logam berat untuk biota laut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perairan Kota Makassar tergolong dalam kategori “Cemar Ringan” berdasarkan hasil perhitungan indeks Pencemar sedangkan status mutu perairan tergolong “Cemar Berat”. Parameter logam berat di kolom perairan yang melampaui baku mutu adalah Krom (0,016±0,005) dan Tembaga (0,112±0,035). Sedangkan untuk parameter logam berat sedimen secara keseluruhan masih berada dalam ambang batas baku mutu yang telah ditentukan. Kondisi tercemar berasal dari aktifitas reklamasi pantai serta sumber alami dan limbah domestik dari aktifitas masyarakat cukup tinggi.ABSTRACTMakassar City is the city center in South Sulawesi Province which has coastal area activities, such as the use of industry, tourism, sea transportation and has two large rivers that estuary into the waters. This study aims to determine the concentration of heavy metals in water and sediment and determine their quality status. Observations were made at 10 strategic locations of pollutant sources such as factories, hotels, river mouths, and ports by taking water and sediment samples and then analyzed in the laboratory for heavy metals Cd, Cr, Hg, Zn, Cu, and Pb. Descriptive statistics are used to analyze the existing data. The Pollutant Index and Storet (Storage and Retrieval) method is used to determine the status of water and sediment quality of heavy metals for marine biota. The results of this study indicate that the waters of Makassar City are classified as "Lightly Polluted" based on the results of the calculation of the Pollutant index while the status of the water quality is classified as "Heavy Polluted". Parameters of heavy metals in the water column that exceed the quality standard are chromium (0,016±0,005) and copper (0,112±0,035). Meanwhile, the parameters of the sediment heavy metals as a whole are still within the specified quality standard. Polluted conditions derived from coastal reclamation activities as well as natural sources and domestic waste from community activities are quite high.

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