Obesity in young adulthood and later disability pension: A population-based cohort study of 366,929 Swedish men

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Karnehed ◽  
Finn Rasmussen ◽  
Malin Kark
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Obese People ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The prevalence of obesity has increased threefold among Swedish men during recent decades. Knowledge from Sweden on how obese men manage in working life and become disability pensioners is sparse. The aim of this nationwide and population-based cohort study was to investigate to what extent body mass index (BMI) in young adulthood predicts later disability pension. Method: All Swedish men born 1952—59, who had their weight and height measured at age 18 years in the compulsory military conscription examinations, were followed up longitudinally from 1990 to 2001 with regard to receiving disability pension. Data on own socioeconomic position (1985), education and marital status (1990), parental socioeconomic position (1960), and education (1970) were obtained from censuses. For 366,929 men (81% of the eligible men) the hazard ratio for receiving disability pension was calculated with Cox regression controlling for own education, parental education, childhood and adult socioeconomic position, marital status, morbidity, and type of municipality. Results: Obesity in young adulthood increased the risk for disability pension later in life (1.35, 95% CI 1.19, 1.52) compared with men of normal weight. The relationship between BMI and disability pension was J-shaped with higher risks for underweight (1.14, 95% CI 1.09, 1.20) and obese men. Conclusions: Obese men in Sweden are at higher risk of receiving disability pension. The relationship between BMI and disability pension is J-shaped. An important future task is to estimate the societal costs due to disability pension of obese people.

Clarifying the relationship between religiosity and psychiatric illness: the impact of covariates and the specificity of buffering effects

Twin Research ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S Kendler ◽  
Charles O Gardner ◽  
Carol A Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Coping Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPrevious analyses in a large population-based sample of female twins indicated that three dimensions of religiosity – personal devotion, personal conservatism and institutional conservatism – were, in different ways, significantly related to current depressive symptoms and substance use and lifetime psychiatric and substance use disorders. Furthermore, personal devotion, but neither personal conservatism nor institutional conservatism, buffered the depressogenic effects of stressful life events (SLEs). We here explore further these results, using linear, logistic and Cox regression models. Eight personality and six demographic variables had distinct patterns of association with the three dimensions. Personal devotion was positively associated with years of education, age, and optimism and negatively correlated with neuroticism. Personal conservatism was negatively associated with education, income, age, mastery and positively correlated with neuroticism. Institutional conservatism was negatively correlated with self-esteem and parental education. Covarying for these 14 variables produced little change in their association with psychiatric and substance use outcomes. The impact of the dimensions of religiosity differed as a function of the SLE category. High levels of both personal devotion and institutional conservatism protected against the depressogenic effects of death and personal illness. High levels of personal conservatism were associated with increased sensitivity to relationship problems. These results suggest that the association between religiosity and low risk for symptoms of depression and substance use may be in part causal. The relationship between dimensions of religiosity and response to SLEs is complex but probably of importance in clarifying the nature of the coping process.

scholarly journals Clinically Diagnosed Insomnia and Risk of All-Cause and Diagnosis-Specific Disability Pension: A Nationwide Cohort Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Jansson ◽  
Kristina Alexanderson ◽  
Göran Kecklund ◽  
Torbjörn Åkerstedt
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Specific Incident ◽  
Rate Ratios

Background. Insomnia and disability pension are major health problems, but few population-based studies have examined the association between insomnia and risk of disability pension.Methods. We conducted a prospective nationwide cohort study based on Swedish population-based registers including all 5,028,922 individuals living in Sweden on December 31, 2004/2005, aged 17–64 years, and not on disability or old age pension. Those having at least one admission/specialist visit with a diagnosis of disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep (insomnias) (ICD-10: G47.0) during 2000/2001–2005 were compared to those with no such inpatient/outpatient care. All-cause and diagnosis-specific incident disability pension were followed from 2006 to 2010. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by Cox regression.Results. In models adjusted for prior sickness absence, sociodemographic factors, and inpatient/specialized outpatient care, associations between insomnia and increased risks of all-cause disability pension (IRR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09–1.67) and disability pension due to mental diagnoses (IRR 1.86, 95% CI 1.38–2.50) were observed. After further adjustment for insomnia medications these associations disappeared. No associations between insomnia and risk of disability pension due to cancer, circulatory, or musculoskeletal diagnoses were observed.Conclusion. Insomnia seems to be positively associated with all-cause disability pension and disability pension due to mental diagnoses.

scholarly journals Trajectories of sickness absence and disability pension in colorectal cancer: a Swedish cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Chen ◽  
K Alexanderson
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background Working-aged colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have a much better survival nowadays, indicating the importance of their future work situation. We aimed to investigate trajectories of sickness absence and disability pension (SADP) days before and after CRC diagnosis and in references, and risk factors associated with different trajectories. Methods A longitudinal, population-based matched cohort study of 4735 CRC survivors in Sweden aged 19-62 when first diagnosed with CRC in 2008-2011, and 18,230 matched references was conducted, using microdata linked from several nationwide registers. The annual SADP net days for 2 years before through 5 years after diagnosis date were computed. A group-based trajectory model was used to depict SADP trajectories. Associations between trajectory membership, and sociodemographic and clinical variables were tested by chi2 test and multinomial logistic regression. Results Four trajectories of SADP days/year for CRC survivors were identified: “only increase around diagnosis” (52% of all, n = 2481), “slight increase after diagnosis” (27%), “high then decrease moderately after diagnosis” (13%), and “constantly very high” (8%). Educational level (R2=0.022), Charlson's Comorbidity Index (R2=0.029), and prediagnostic mental disorders (R2=0.066) were the strongest factors determining the SADP trajectory groups. In references, three trajectories (”constantly low” (80% of all), “constantly moderate and decrease gradually” (12%), and “very high then decrease overtime” (8%)) were identified. Conclusions Approximately 80% of CRC survivors return to a low level of SADP (0-60 days/year) at 5 years postdiagnosis. Prediagnostic status of mental disorders, somatic comorbidity, and low educational level are good indicators of future high SADP levels for CRC survivors. Key messages Most of working-age colorectal cancer survivors have low levels of sickness absence and disability pension days five years after their diagnosis. Trajectory analyses based on population-based register data can be used as a good approach in understanding future work situation regarding sick leave among working-age cancer survivors.

scholarly journals Effects of marital status on overall and cancer-specific survival in laryngeal cancer patients: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Ding ◽  
Deshun Yu ◽  
Hefeng Li ◽  
Yueming Ding
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Effect ◽  
The Difference

AbstractMarital status has long been recognized as an important prognostic factor for many cancers, however its’ prognostic effect for patients with laryngeal cancer has not been fully examined. We retrospectively analyzed 8834 laryngeal cancer patients in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database from 2004 to 2010. Patients were divided into four groups: married, widowed, single, and divorced/separated. The difference in overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of the various marital subgroups were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier curve. Multivariate Cox regression analysis screened for independent prognostic factors. Propensity score matching (PSM) was also conducted to minimize selection bias. We included 8834 eligible patients (4817 married, 894 widowed, 1732 single and 1391 divorced/separated) with laryngeal cancer. The 5-year OS and CSS of married, widowed, single, and separated/divorced patients were examined. Univariate and multivariate analyses found marital status to be an independent predictor of survival. Subgroup survival analysis showed that the OS and CSS rates in widowed patients were always the lowest in the various American Joint Committee on Cancer stages, irrespective of sex. Widowed patients demonstrated worse OS and CSS in the 1:1 matched group analysis. Among patients with laryngeal cancer, widowed patients represented the highest-risk group, with the lowest OS and CSS.

scholarly journals Metformin use and long-term risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a population-based cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041875
Author(s):  
Mette Nørgaard ◽  
Bianka Darvalics ◽  
Reimar Wernich Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
First Line ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Lowering Drug

ObjectiveTo assess whether metformin use affects risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by comparing the risk of BPH in men with type 2 diabetes who initiated first-line treatment with either metformin or sulfonylurea monotherapy between 2000 or 2006 in Northern Denmark. In this period, sulfonylurea and metformin were both frequently used as first-line glucose-lowering drug (GLD) treatment.DesignA population-based cohort study.SettingNorthern Denmark.ParticipantsAll men who filled at least two prescriptions for metformin or for sulfonylurea, respectively, during their first 6 months of GLD treatment. Follow-up started 6 months after treatment start.Primary outcome measuresRates of subsequent BPH, identified based on community prescriptions for BPH-related treatment or hospital BPH diagnoses, and rates of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Rates in metformin and sulfonylurea users were compared overall and stratified by 6-month haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) using Cox regression and an intention-to-treat (ITT) approach and an as-treated analysis.ResultsDuring follow-up, less than five persons were lost to follow-up due to emigration. In 3953 metformin initiators with a median follow-up of 10 years, the 10-year cumulative BPH incidence was 25.7% (95% CI 24.2 to 27.1). Compared with 5958 sulfonylurea users (median follow-up 8 years, 10-year cumulative incidence 27.4% (95% CI 26.2 to 28.6)), the crude HR for BPH was 0.83 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.89) and adjusted HR in the ITT analyses was 0.97 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.06). For TURP, the adjusted HR was 0.96 (95% CI 0.63 to 1.46). In the as-treated analysis, adjusted HR for BPH was 0.91 (95% CI 0.81 to 1.02).ConclusionsCompared with sulfonylurea, metformin did not substantially reduce the incidence of BPH in men with diabetes.

scholarly journals Effect of introducing human papillomavirus genotyping into real-world screening on cervical cancer screening in China: a retrospective population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175883592110109
Author(s):  
Binhua Dong ◽  
Huachun Zou ◽  
Xiaodan Mao ◽  
Yingying Su ◽  
Hangjing Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hpv Genotyping ◽  
Cytology Screening

Background: China’s Fujian Cervical Pilot Project (FCPP) transitioned cervical cancer screening from high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) nongenotyping to genotyping. We investigated the clinical impact of this introduction, comparing performance indicators between HR-HPV genotyping combined with cytology screening (HR-HPV genotyping period) and the previous HR-HPV nongenotyping combined with cytology screening (HR-HPV nongenotyping period). Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study was performed using data from the FCPP for China. We obtained data for the HR-HPV nongenotyping period from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2013, and for the HR-HPV genotyping period from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016. Propensity score matching was used to match women from the two periods. Multivariable Cox regression was used to assess factors associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or worse (CIN2+). The primary outcome was the incidence of CIN2+ in women aged ⩾25 years. Performance was assessed and included consistency, reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and cost. Results: Compared with HR-HPV nongenotyping period, in the HR-HPV genotyping period, more CIN2+ cases were identified at the initial screening (3.06% versus 2.32%; p < 0.001); the rate of colposcopy referral was higher (10.87% versus 6.64%; p < 0.001); and the hazard ratio of CIN2+ diagnosis was 1.64 (95% confidence interval, 1.43–1.88; p < 0.001) after controlling for health insurance status and age. The total costs of the first round of screening (US$66,609 versus US$65,226; p = 0.293) were similar during the two periods. Higher screening coverage (25.95% versus 25.19%; p = 0.007), higher compliance with age recommendations (92.70% versus 91.69%; p = 0.001), lower over-screening (4.92% versus 10.15%; p < 0.001), and reduced unqualified samples (cytology: 1.48% versus 1.73%, p = 0.099; HR-HPV: 0.57% versus 1.34%, p < 0.001) were observed in the HR-HPV genotyping period. Conclusions: Introduction of an HR-HPV genotyping assay in China could detect more CIN2+ lesions at earlier stages and improve programmatic indicators. Evidence suggests that the introduction of HR-HPV genotyping is likely to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer in China.

scholarly journals Gender- and age-related differences of statin use on incident dementia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a Nationwide population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Kun Lin ◽  
Jing-Yang Huang ◽  
Lung-Fa Pan ◽  
Gwo-Ping Jong
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background Some observational studies have found a significant association between the use of statin and a reduced risk of dementia. However, the results of these studies are unclear in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study is to determine the association between the use of statins and the incidence of dementia according to sex and age-related differences in patients with RA. Methods We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study using the Taiwan Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database (2003–2016). The primary outcome assessed was the risk of dementia by estimating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multiple Cox regression was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio of new-onset dementia. Subgroup analysis was also conducted. Results Among the 264,036 eligible patients with RA aged > 40 years, statin users were compared with non-statin users by propensity score matching at a ratio of 1:1 (25,764 in each group). However, no association was found between the use of statins and the risk of new-onset dementia (NOD) in patients with RA (HR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.97–1.06). The subgroup analysis identified the use of statin as having a protective effect against developing NOD in male and older patients. Conclusion No association was observed between the use of a statin and the risk of NOD in patients with RA, including patients of both genders and aged 40–60 years, but these parameters were affected by gender and age. The decreased risk of NOD in patients with RA was greater among older male patients. Use of a statin in older male (> 60 years) patients with RA may be needed in clinical practice to prevent dementia.

scholarly journals Association between glaucoma surgery and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among elderly patients with glaucoma: a nationwide population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Yeop Lee ◽  
Hun Lee ◽  
Ji Sung Lee ◽  
Sol Ah Han ◽  
Yoon Jeon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Glaucoma Surgery ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Charlson Comorbidity Index Score ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality

AbstractThis population-based, retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between glaucoma surgery and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among Korean elderly patients with glaucoma. A total of 16210 elderly patients (aged ≥ 60 years) diagnosed with glaucoma between 2003 and 2012 were included, and their insurance data were analyzed. The participants were categorized into a glaucoma surgery cohort (n = 487), which included individuals who had diagnostic codes for open angle glaucoma (OAG) or angle closure glaucoma (ACG) and codes for glaucoma surgery, and a glaucoma diagnosis cohort (n = 15,723), which included patients who had codes for OAG and ACG but not for glaucoma surgery. Sociodemographic factors, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and ocular comorbidities were included as covariates. Cox regression models were used to assess the association between glaucoma surgery and mortality. The incidence of all-cause mortality was 34.76/1,000 person-years and 27.88/1,000 person-years in the glaucoma surgery and diagnosis groups, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality associated with glaucoma surgery was 1.31 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.62, P = 0.014). The adjusted HR for mortality due to a neurologic cause was significant (HR = 2.66, 95% CI 1.18–6.00, P = 0.018). The adjusted HRs for mortality due to cancer (HR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.07–3.83, P = 0.029) and accident or trauma (HR = 4.00, 95% CI 1.55–10.34, P = 0.004) associated with glaucoma surgery for ACG were significant as well. Glaucoma surgery was associated with an increase of mortality in elderly patients with glaucoma. In particular, the risk of mortality associated with glaucoma surgery due to neurologic causes was significant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document