Exploring the corrosion performances of carbon steel in flowing natural sea water and synthetic sea waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 579-588
Author(s):  
Yunze Xu ◽  
Qipiao Zhou ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Qiliang Zhang ◽  
Shide Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
pp. 2776-2796
Author(s):  
Rehab M Kubba ◽  
Nada M. Al-Joborry ◽  
Naeemah J. Al-lami

Two derivatives of Iimidazolidin 4-one (IMID4) and Oxazolidin 5-one (OXAZ5), were investigated as corrosion inhibitors of corrosion carbon steel in sea water by employing the theoretical and experimental methods. The results revealed that they inhibit the corrosion process and their %IE followed the order: IMID4 (89.093%) > OXAZ5 (80.179%). The %IE obtained via theoretical and experimental methods were in a good agreement with each other. The thermodynamic parameters obtained by potentiometric polarization measurements have supported a physical adsorption mechanism which followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Quantum mechanical method of Density Functional Theory (DFT) of B3LYP with a level of 6-311++G (2d, 2p) were used to calculate the geometrical structure, physical properties and inhibition efficiency parameters, in vacuum and two solvents (DMSO and H2O), all calculated at the equilibrium geometry, and correlated with the experimental %IE. The local reactivity has been studied through Mulliken charges population analysis. The morphology of the surface changes of carbon steel were studied using SEM and AFM techniques.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana-Petronela Burduhos-Nergis ◽  
Petrica Vizureanu ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandu ◽  
Costica Bejinariu

This study aims to evaluate the corrosion resistance of carbon steel, used for carabiners manufacturing, coated with three different types of phosphate layer. The phosphate layers have been obtained by phosphate conversion coating with three different types of phosphate solutions: zinc-based solution, zinc-iron-based phosphate solution, and manganese-based phosphate solution. Additionally, the test was performed on zinc phosphate samples impregnated with molybdenum bisulfate-based oil and zinc phosphate samples further coated with a layer of elastomer-based paint. Considering the areas where the carabiners are used (civil engineering, navigation, oil industry, rescue operations, etc.), the corrosive environments studied are rainwater, Black Sea water, and fire extinguishing solution. The structure of the deposited layers was studied by scanning electron microscopy, while the interface structure between the alloy and corrosive environment was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. According to this study, the corrosion resistance of zinc-based phosphate coated samples and zinc/iron-based phosphate coated samples is higher than that of the studied carbon steel samples, despite the corrosion environment. Also, the most aggressive corrosion environment was the fire extinguishing solution.


CORROSION ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 105t-114t ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. FORGESON ◽  
C. R. SOUTHWELL ◽  
A. L ALEXANDER

Abstract Corrosion of ten structural steels exposed to tropical sea and fresh waters has been evaluated following an eight-year exposure period. The severity of corrosion is compared between the natural tropical environments of sea water mean tide, and sea water and fresh water continuous immersion, and correlated with similar corrosion tests that have been made on the east and west coasts of the United States. Corrosion resistance for mild carbon steel is compared when exposed with millscale, pickled, and machined surfaces. Underwater corrosion rates are compared for unalloyed carbon steel, copper-bearing steel, steels containing small percentages of nickel and chromium, and proprietary low-alloy steels. A comprehensive evaluation of the measured and observed effects of corrosion is given for the ten steels following exposure in each of the tropical environments. 2.2.7


2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Alrahim Al Shikshak ◽  
Abd Alhakem Mansour ◽  
A. Taher

The purpose of this research is to investigate the corrosion rate of low carbon steel in saline environment. The influence of variety of conditions that represent the actual conditions in practice such as the flow velocity and solution composition, particularly Na+, Cl-and SO4-2, content were performed. Weight loss test of low carbon steel in the lab was conducted to determine the corrosion rate data in stagnant and flowing seawater for comparison to investigate the effect of flow velocity of sea water on the corrosion behavior of the low carbon steel. Results show that the corrosion rate of low carbon steel is increased by increasing the flow of seawater, but at very high velocities the corrosion rate was recorded to be decreased. XRD results show that the corrosion products contain both Fe2O3and FeO(OH).


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sujita

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of shot peening on stress corrosion cracking of a low carbon steel in ocean water environment. The dimension of specimens were prepared in accordance with the ASTM G39. The hardness testing was carried out using microvickers with 0,25 kgf load in the longitudinal direction. The corrosion cracking test was immersed into artificial sea water for about 7 months. The test shows that the pitting corrosion is dominantly nucleated at the metal film interface. The biggest pitting corrosion was occurred under the static loading of 70 for the specimens unpeened. The presence of pitting corrosion promotes stress corrosion cracking. The cracking has a intergranular branched morphology which is typical for the chloride cracking of low carbon steel


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Ayu Ratna Permanasari ◽  
Tri Reksa Saputra ◽  
Aprillia Nurul’Aina ◽  
Salma Liska

Peralatan industri dari baja karbon yang berkontak langsung dengan lingkungan lama kelamaan akan terkorosi. Laju korosi dapat diperlambat menggunakan inhibitor organik senyawa tanin dari pohon akasia. Tanin diperoleh dari proses ekstraksi menggunakan metanol dan etanol. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan pelarut terbaik dalam proses ekstraksi kulit kayu akasia berdasarkan kandungan tanin terbesar serta mempelajari pengaruh tanin sebagai inhibitor korosi pada baja karbon dalam media korosif melalui metode pengurangan berat. Proses ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi pada suhu ruang selama dua jam dengan perbandingan padatan:pelarut adalah 1:10. Pelarut yang digunakan adalah etanol dan metanol. Ekstrak dievaporasi dalam rotary evaporator pada suhu 50 oC, tekanan 100 mbar hingga membentuk pasta. Ekstrak kulit kayu ditambahkan sebagai inhibitor dalam media korosif H2SO4 0,5 M; HCl 0,5 M; air laut, dan air tanah dengan penambahan konsentrasi inhibitor sebesar 4%, 6% dan 8% (b/v). Perendaman dilakukan selama 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 dan 72 jam. Metanol merupakan pelarut yang lebih baik daripada etanol dengan perolehan yield 4,57% dan konsentrasi tanin sebesar 2,768 ppm. Tanin dalam ekstrak kulit kayu akasia cocok digunakan sebagai inhibitor korosi pada media asam seperti H2SO4 0,5 M dan HCl 0,5 M dengan perolehan efisiensi tertinggi secara berturut-turut adalah 81,20 % dan 53,06%.Carbon steel in industrial equipment which direct contact with the environment will eventually be corroded. The rate of corrosion could be slowed by organic inhibitors of tannin compounds contained from acacia trees. Tannins were obtained from the extraction process using methanol and ethanol. The aims of this research were to determine the best solvent in the extraction process of acacia bark based on the largest tannin content and to study the effect of tannin as a corrosion inhibitor on carbon steel in the corrosive media through weight reduction methods. The extraction process used maceration at room temperature for two hours with a solid:solvent ratio of 1:10. The solvents were ethanol and methanol. The extract was evaporated in a rotary evaporator at 50 oC, 100 mbar became a paste form. Bark extract was added as an inhibitor in 0.5 M H2SO4 corrosive media; HCl 0.5 M; sea water, and tap water with the addition of inhibitor concentrations of 4%, 6% and 8% (w /v). Immersion was carried out for 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours. Methanol was a better solvent than ethanol with a yield of 4.57% and tannin concentration of 2.768 ppm. Tannin in acacia bark extract is suitable to be used as a corrosion inhibitor in acidic media such as H2SO4 0.5 M and 0.5 M HCl with the highest efficiency gains are 81.20% and 53.06%, respectively.


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