Column Flushing of Phenanthrene and Copper (II) Co-Contaminants from Sandy Soil Using Tween 80 and Citric Acid

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baowei Zhao ◽  
Haili Che ◽  
Haifeng Wang ◽  
Jin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Tween 80

Extraction of metals from a contaminated sandy soil using citric acid

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raman Bassi ◽  
Shiv O. Prasher ◽  
B.K. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Extraction Of Metals

Preparation and Characterization of Cordierite Powder via Tween-80 Modified Citrate Sol-Gel Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 929-933
Author(s):  
Yu Yue Wang ◽  
Juan Juan Feng ◽  
Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Solvent Evaporation Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, cordierite (2MgO•2Al2O3•5SiO2) precursors are synthesized using TEOS and aluminum and magnesium nitrates as starting materials, citric acid as chelating agent and Tween-80 as dispersant. The effect of citric acid and Tween-80 on the formation mechanism of α-cordierite phase is investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the effect of citric acid and Tween-80 on the particle morphology of α-cordierite is examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results show that citric acid used as chelating agent can reduce the formation temperature of α-cordierite to 1150°C by forming stable salt of citric acid with all the metal ion to avoid composition deviation from the sample components during solvent evaporation process and sub-micron cordierite particles without hard agglomeration can be obtained. Nano-sized α-cordierite can be obtained with the introduction of Tween-80 as dispersant by modifying the surfaces of the colloidal sol particles.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Antimicrobial Activity of Tasmanian Pepper Leaf Oil Emulsion as a Natural Preservative for Capsicum

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Maral Seidi Damyeh ◽  
Ram Mereddy ◽  
Michael E. Netzel ◽  
Yasmina Sultanbawa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Fresh Cut ◽  
Spoilage Microorganisms

Abstract: The aim of this study was to produce and optimize Tasmanian pepper leaf (Tasmannia lanceolate; TPL) oil contained emulsion using sonication and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Encapsulating hydrophobic bioactive components is influential in enhancing their applicability as well as their respected antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of investigated emulsions was evaluated through well diffusion assay against four different spoilage microorganisms isolated from fresh-cut capsicums. In order to optimize the preservative emulsion for further in vivo application, Box-Behnken design with three factors of TPL oil, Tween 80, and citric acid was used. According to the results, bacterial and fungal growth inhibition activity of the investigated emulsions was enhanced through increasing the concentration of citric acid and TPL oil, respectively. Optimization of the investigated variables was conducted after model fitting according to desirability function of Design Expert software. Our main goal was to obtain the maximum inhibitory effect against microbial growth. Therefore, the calculated optimum values were TPL at 1.08%, Tween 80 at 0.15%, and citric acid at 1.50%, with the desirability of 0.978. By and large, the susceptibility of yeast (i.e., Rhodotorula diobovata) against TPL contained emulsions showed to be the highest, which was followed by mold (i.e., Alternaria sp.), Gram-positive bacteria (i.e., Bacillus subtilis), and Gram-negative bacteria (i.e., Pseudomonas viridiflava), with predicted inhibition zones of 46.41, 33.03, 13.10, and 11.33 mm. Optimized emulsion using Box-Behnken design is capable of inhibiting the growth of spoilage microorganisms in capsicum, and this understanding can help develop a natural-based preservative for fresh-cut capsicum.

Inhibition of Salmonella on Poultry Skin Using Protein- and Polysaccharide-Based Films Containing a Nisin Formulation†

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1268-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
NANDINI NATRAJAN ◽  
BRIAN W. SHELDON
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Agar Gels ◽  
Gel Network ◽  
Skin Samples

The objective of this study was to examine the use of protein- and polysaccharide-based films containing bacteriocin formulations for inhibiting salmonellae on fresh broiler skin. The lethality of the films containing a nisin-based formulation was determined against Salmonella Typhimurium-contaminated broiler drumstick skin samples coated with the film. In the first study, varying concentrations of nisin (0, 100, 300, and 500 μg/ml) plus 3% citric acid, 5.0 mM EDTA, and 0.5% Tween 80 were incorporated into 0.5% calcium alginate films at a 20% level (wt/wt) and then applied to Salmonella TyphimuriumNAr-contaminated skin samples (log10 5.0) at a 1:2 weight ratio (film:skin). Salmonella TyphimuriumNAr skin population reductions ranged from 1.98 to 3.01 log cycles after a 72-h exposure at 4°C. In comparison to the 0- and 100-μg/ml nisin concentrations, significantly greater population reductions were achieved at nisin concentrations of 300 and 500 μg/ml. In related studies, the 500-μg/ml nisin formulation was incorporated into 0.75 and 1.25% agar gels and applied to contaminated broiler drumstick skin samples (log10 7.0). Salmonella TyphimuriumNAr skin population reductions following a 96-h exposure at 4°C were 1.8-(1.25% agar gel) and 4.6-log cycles (0.75% agar gel). These results demonstrated that the inclusion of nisin-based treatments into either calcium alginate or agar gels that were subsequently applied to contaminated broiler drumstick skin yielded significant Salmonella TyphimuriumNAr population reductions ranging between 1.8 to 4.6 log cycles after 72 to 96 h of exposure at 4°C. The level of kill was affected by film type and gel concentration (i.e., gel network formation), exposure time, and nisin concentration.

Degradation of trichloroethylene in aqueous solution by sodium percarbonate activated with Fe(II)-citric acid complex in the presence of surfactant Tween-80

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 127223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanchen Lyu ◽  
Shuguang Lyu ◽  
Ping Tang ◽  
Wenchao Jiang ◽  
Yong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Sodium Percarbonate

Coadministration of citric acid allows oxytetracycline dose reduction in yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata infected with Vibrio anguillarum

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
K Akiyama ◽  
N Hirazawa ◽  
A Hatanaka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Seriola Quinqueradiata ◽  
Poor Efficacy

Oxytetracycline (OTC) has been commonly used as an effective antibiotic against various fish bacterial diseases, including vibriosis. In this study, the absorption-enhancing effect of citric acid on oral OTC pharmacokinetics and treatment of artificial Vibrio anguillarum infection was evaluated in juvenile yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata followed by serum OTC concentration analysis. When 25 mg kg-1 body weight (BW) OTC was administered in combination with 1250 mg kg-1 BW citric acid, the serum OTC concentration reached almost the same concentration as that of the group treated with 50 mg kg-1 BW OTC. This coadministration successfully suppressed mortality due to vibriosis similar to the group treated with 50 mg kg-1 BW OTC. Conversely, poor efficacy was observed when only 25 mg kg-1 BW OTC was administered. These results suggest that coadministration of citric acid can be beneficial in reducing the dose of OTC needed for effective treatment, and thus contributes to the goal of reduced use of this antibiotic in aquaculture.

EVALUATION OF CLOVERS ON SANDY COASTAL SOIL

1977 ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M. Williams ◽  
L.B. Anderson ◽  
B.M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Mediterranean Origin ◽  
Winter Annual

In evaluations of clover performances on summer-dry Himatangi sandy soil, it was found that none could match lucerne over summer. Emphasis was therefore placed on production in autumn-winter- early spring when lucerne growth was slow. Evaluations of some winter annual clover species suggested that Trifolium spumosum, T. pallidum, T. resupinatum, and T. vesiculosum would justify further investigation, along with T. subterraneum which is already used in pastures on this soil type. Among the perennial clover species, Kenya white clover (7'. semipilosum) showed outstanding recovery from drought and was the only species to produce significantly in autumn. However, it failed to grow in winter-early spring. Within red clover, materials of New Zealand x Moroccan origin substantially outproduced the commercial cultivars. Within white clover, material from Israel, Italy and Lebanon, as well as progeny of a selected New Zealand plant, showed more rapid recovery from drought stress and subsequently better winter growth than New Zealand commercial material ('Grasslands Huia'). The wider use of plant material of Mediterranean origin and of plants collected in New Zealand dryland pastures is advocated in development of clover cultivars for New Zealand dryland situations.

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