First-time application of biomordants in conjunction with the Alkanna tinctoria root extract for eco-friendly wool dyeing

Harpagophytum procumbens (Burch.) DC. ex Meisn. is a traditional remedy for osteoarticular diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA), although the bioactive constituents and mechanisms involved are yet to be clarified. In the present study, an aqueous H. procumbens root extract (HPE; containing 1.2% harpagoside) was characterized for its effects on synoviocytes from OA patients and phytochemical composition in polyphenols, and volatile compounds were detected. HPE powder was dissolved in different solvents, including deionized water (HPEH2O), DMSO (HPEDMSO), 100% v/v ethanol (HPEEtOH100), and 50% v/v ethanol (HPEEtOH50). The highest polyphenol levels were found in HPEDMSO and HPEEtOH50, whereas different volatile compounds, mainly β-caryophyllene and eugenol, were detected in all the extracts except for HPEH2O. HPEH2O and HPEDMSO were able to enhance CB2 receptor expression and to downregulate PI-PLC β2 in synovial membranes; moreover, all the extracts inhibited FAAH activity. The present results highlight for the first time a multitarget modulation of the endocannabinoid system by HPE, likely ascribable to its hydrosoluble compounds, along with the presence of volatile compounds in H. procumbens root. Although hydrosoluble compounds seem to be mainly responsible for endocannabinoid modulation by HPE, a possible contribution of volatile compounds can be suggested, strengthening the hypothesis that the entire phytocomplex can contribute to the H. procumbens healing properties.

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Extracts from Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim. Roots: A New Hope Against Honeybee Death Caused by Nosemosis

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25194452 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (19) ◽

pp. 4452 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aneta A. Ptaszyńska ◽

Daniel Załuski

Keyword(s):

Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

Field Studies ◽

Root Extract ◽

Significant Finding ◽

Ecological Benefits ◽

Garcinia Cambogia ◽

Eleutherococcus Senticosus ◽

Eleutheroside B ◽

First Time

Pollinators, the cornerstones of our terrestrial ecosystem, have been at the very core of our anxiety. This is because we can nowadays observe a dangerous decline in the number of insects. With the numbers of pollinators dramatically declining worldwide, the scientific community has been growing more and more concerned about the future of insects as fundamental elements of most terrestrial ecosystems. Trying to address this issue, we looked for substances that might increase bee resistance. To this end, we checked the effects of plant-based adaptogens on honeybees in laboratory tests and during field studies on 30 honeybee colonies during two seasons. In this study, we have tested extracts obtained from: Eleutherococcus senticosus, Garcinia cambogia, Panax ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, Schisandra chinensis, and Camellia sinensis. The 75% ethanol E. senticosus root extract proved to be the most effective, both as a cure and in the prophylaxis of nosemosis. Therefore, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and its active compounds, eleutherosides, are considered the most powerful adaptogens, in the pool of all extracts that were selected for screening, for supporting immunity and improving resistance of honeybees. The optimum effective concentration of 0.4 mg/mL E. senticosus extract responded to c.a. 5.76, 2.56 and 0.07 µg/mL of eleutheroside B, eleutheroside E and naringenin, respectively. The effect of E. senticosus extracts on honeybees involved a similar adaptogenic response as on other animals, including humans. In this research, we show for the first time such an adaptogenic impact on invertebrates, i.e., the effect on honeybees stressed by nosemosis. We additionally hypothesised that these adaptogenic properties were connected with eleutherosides—secondary metabolites found exclusively in the Eleutherococcus genus and undetected in other studied extracts. As was indicated in this study, eleutherosides are very stable chemically and can be found in extracts in similar amounts even after two years from extraction. Considering the role bees play in nature, we may conclude that demonstrating the adaptogenic properties which plant extracts have in insects is the most significant finding resulting from this research. This knowledge might bring to fruition numerous economic and ecological benefits.

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Investigation of the dyeing properties of wool fabrics with Alkanna tinctoria root extract

International Journal of Science Letters ◽

10.38058/ijsl.786969 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Adem ÖNAL ◽

Firdes OZTAV ◽

Ferda ESER

Keyword(s):

Root Extract ◽

Dyeing Properties ◽

Wool Fabrics ◽

Alkanna Tinctoria

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The Influence of Palmatine Isolated from Berberis sibirica Radix on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Zebrafish

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells9051233 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 1233 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kinga Gawel ◽

Wirginia Kukula-Koch ◽

Dorota Nieoczym ◽

Katarzyna Stepnik ◽

Wietske van der Ent ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anticonvulsant Activity ◽

Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽

Root Extract ◽

Isoquinoline Alkaloids ◽

Reference Compound ◽

Structure Activity ◽

Therapeutic Value ◽

Epilepsy Models ◽

Counter Current ◽

First Time

Palmatine (PALM) and berberine (BERB) are widely identified isoquinoline alkaloids among the representatives of the Berberidaceae botanical family. The antiseizure activity of BERB was shown previously in experimental epilepsy models. We assessed the effect of PALM in a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure assay in zebrafish, with BERB as an active reference compound. Both alkaloids were isolated from the methanolic root extract of Berberis sibirica by counter-current chromatography, and their ability to cross the blood–brain barrier was determined via quantitative structure–activity relationship assay. PALM exerted antiseizure activity, as confirmed by electroencephalographic analysis, and decreased c-fos and bdnf levels in PTZ-treated larvae. In a behavioral assay, PALM dose-dependently decreased PTZ-induced hyperlocomotion. The combination of PALM and BERB in ED16 doses revealed hyperadditive activity towards PTZ-induced hyperlocomotion. Notably, we have indicated that both alkaloids may exert their anticonvulsant activity through different mechanisms of action. Additionally, the combination of both alkaloids in a 1:2.17 ratio (PALM: BERB) mimicked the activity of the pure extract, which indicates that these two active compounds are responsible for its anticonvulsive activity. In conclusion, our study reveals for the first time the anticonvulsant activity of PALM and suggests the combination of PALM and BERB may have higher therapeutic value than separate usage of these compounds.

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Rapid Rubber Extraction and NMR Spectroscopy of Rubber, Extracted from the Endemic Species Scorzonera Tau-Saghyz

Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal ◽

10.18321/ectj931 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

K.K. Boguspaev ◽

S.K. Turasheva ◽

T.M. Seilkhanov ◽

D.G. Faleev ◽

M.S. Mutalkhanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adventitious Shoots ◽

Physiological Age ◽

Root Extract ◽

Nmr Characterization ◽

First Time ◽

Rubber Good ◽

Isoprene Rubber

Scorzonera tau-saghyz Lipsch. et G.G. Bosse is an endemic rubber producing plant, growing in mountain regions in South Kazakhstan. The rubber content in plants and the quality of biopolymer has an important impact on industrial rubber production. The results of this study showed that the amount of rubber in S. tau-saghyz roots fluctuates between 7.74% and 38.75%. The amount of synthesized and deposited rubber biopolymer particles depends on various factors such as physiological age of plant, origin, temperature, moisture and environmental conditions. We optimized the extraction method of natural rubber by using n-hexane as a solvent for direct extraction. This method allows extracting the maximum amount of rubber from 3‒4-year-old plants. NMR results show structural links of natural isoprene rubber in the root extract sample. There is a clear relationship between methyl, methine and methylene protons which corresponds to isoprene rubber structure. The samples having strongly marked singlets that are inherent for rubber functional groups confirms the stereospecific structure of rubber. Good solubility of the root extract in deuterated chloroform can characterize the low molecular weight of the polymer. NMR characterization of rubber, extracted from S. tau-saghyz roots, is reported for the first time. Regeneration in vitro provides an important opportunity for endemic preservation by rapidly increasing the number of plants. The best regeneration of adventitious shoots was obtained on MS medium containing 5.5 μM kinetin and 0.5 μM NAA. The plants were successfully acclimatized in a glasshouse with 75% of S. tau-saghyz plantlets, respectively surviving after transfer to ex vitro conditions.

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Effect of the Root Extract of Fagara Zanthoxyloides on Blood Coagulation

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1648072 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 36 (03) ◽

pp. 525-531

Author(s):

E. M Essien ◽

J. I Okogun

Keyword(s):

Factor Viii ◽

Blood Coagulation ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Butyric Acid ◽

Soluble Fraction ◽

Factor Ix ◽

Root Extract ◽

Successive Extraction ◽

First Time

SummaryThe clot-promoting activity of the aqueous extract of Fagara zanthoxyloides Lam plant is described for the first time. It significantly shortened the PTT (K) of normal and factor VIII deficient plasma while it manifested no such action on factor IX-deficient plasma. This activity could be demonstrated in the residue of the lyophilized aqueous extract after its successive extraction with ether, chloroform and methanol. It could not be attributed to the purified fractions: Zanthoxylol or its modified form 3, 4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1 benzopyran-6-butyric acid (DBA), hesperidin, Fagaramide or the ether soluble fraction of the aqueous extract.

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Lignans, Amides, and Saponins from Haplophyllum tuberculatum and Their Antiprotozoal Activity

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25122825 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 2825 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdelhalim Babiker Mahmoud ◽

Ombeline Danton ◽

Marcel Kaiser ◽

Sohee Han ◽

Aitor Moreno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leishmania Donovani ◽

Root Extract ◽

Chloroform Fraction ◽

Antiprotozoal Activity ◽

Trypanosoma Brucei Rhodesiense ◽

Water Fraction ◽

The Family ◽

Sudanese Medicinal Plants ◽

First Time ◽

Haplophyllum Tuberculatum

A screening of Sudanese medicinal plants for antiprotozoal activities revealed that the chloroform and water fractions of the ethanolic root extract of Haplophyllum tuberculatum exhibited appreciable bioactivity against Leishmania donovani. The antileishmanial activity was tracked by HPLC-based activity profiling, and eight compounds were isolated from the chloroform fraction. These included lignans tetrahydrofuroguaiacin B (1), nectandrin B (2), furoguaiaoxidin (7), and 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-dihydroxylignan-9-ol (10), and four cinnamoylphenethyl amides, namely dihydro-feruloyltyramine (5), (E)-N-feruloyltyramine (6), N,N′-diferuloylputrescine (8), and 7′-ethoxy-feruloyltyramine (9). The water fraction yielded steroid saponins 11–13. Compounds 1, 2, and 5–13 are reported for the first time from Haplophyllum species and the family Rutaceae. The antiprotozoal activity of the compounds plus two stereoisomeric tetrahydrofuran lignans—fragransin B2 (3) and fragransin B1 (4)—was determined against Leishmania donovani amastigotes, Plasmodium falciparum, and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense bloodstream forms, along with their cytotoxicity to rat myoblast L6 cells. Nectandrin B (2) exhibited the highest activity against L. donovani (IC50 4.5 µM) and the highest selectivity index (25.5).

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Antibacterial Activity of Chalcone and Dihydrochalcone Compounds from Uvaria chamae Roots against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/1453173 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

H. Koudokpon ◽

N. Armstrong ◽

T. V. Dougnon ◽

L. Fah ◽

E. Hounsa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Root Extract ◽

Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

First Time

This study presents antimicrobial properties of Uvaria chamae roots, commonly used for the treatment of various infections in south Benin. Their constituents were extracted and then fractionated in order to isolate the active ingredients. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed against several multidrug-resistant bacteria using the Mueller Hilton well agar diffusion method. Results showed that ethanol extracts were highly active against Gram-positive cocci. This activity was more extensive than that measured from conventional broad-spectrum antibiotics. Indeed, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains were all sensitive to this root extract. The aim of this study was to link the antimicrobial activity of the root to chemical structures. The ion mobility mass spectrometry analysis revealed for the first time the presence of ten chalcone and dihydrochalcone structures responsible for the antimicrobial activity of Uvaria chamae ethanol extracts. Two structures were described here for the first time in these roots. These findings confirm and justify the medical properties of these roots used as a traditional medicine.

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The Phytochemical Investigation and Biological Activities of Berberis Orthobotrys

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.1899 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Akber Dad ◽

Iftikhar Ali ◽

Nadja Engel ◽

Muhammad Atif ◽

Hidayat Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Biological Activities ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Published Data ◽

Root Extract ◽

Spectroscopic Methods ◽

Phytochemical Investigation ◽

First Time

The leaf extract of Berberis orthobotrys Bien. ex Aitch. (B.o.) afforded three compounds viz., β-sitosterol (1), sesamin (2) and 10-eicosanol (3) which were identified by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, GC-MS, IR and comparison of their spectral data with the published data. To the best of our knowledge these three compounds are reported here for the first time to be isolated from Berberis orthobotrys Bien. ex Aitch. (B.o.). Moreover the root extract exhibited good antilieshmanial activity and root and fruit extracts demonstrated minor antifungal activity against Fusarium solani.

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Annulate lamellae in the Sertoli cells of guinea pig testis after unilateral torsion of the spermatic cord

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100111094 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 196-197

Author(s):

J. Chakraborty ◽

A. P. Sinha Hikim ◽

J. S. Jhunjhunwala

Keyword(s):

Sertoli Cells ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Spermatic Cord ◽

Present Report ◽

Cell Types ◽

Annulate Lamellae ◽

Spermatogenic Cells ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Structural Details ◽

First Time

Although the presence of annulate lamellae was noted in many cell types, including the rat spermatogenic cells, this structure was never reported in the Sertoli cells of any rodent species. The present report is based on a part of our project on the effect of torsion of the spermatic cord to the contralateral testis. This paper describes for the first time, the fine structural details of the annulate lamellae in the Sertoli cells of damaged testis from guinea pigs.One side of the spermatic cord of each of six Hartly strain adult guinea pigs was surgically twisted (540°) under pentobarbital anesthesia (1). Four months after induction of torsion, animals were sacrificed, testes were excised and processed for the light and electron microscopic investigations. In the damaged testis, the majority of seminiferous tubule contained a layer of Sertoli cells with occasional spermatogonia (Fig. 1). Nuclei of these Sertoli cells were highly pleomorphic and contained small chromatinic clumps adjacent to the inner aspect of the nuclear envelope (Fig. 2).

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