The demographic impact and development benefits of meeting demand for family planning with modern contraceptive methods

Contraceptive use and fertility rates vary substantially among developing countries. An important factor, which affects the fertility of any population, is Contraceptive. Contraceptive use varies by age. Nepal over the past 15 years show an impressive increase in the use of modern contraceptive methods from 26 percent in 1996 to 43 percent in 2011. Objectives of the is to assess the knowledge, attitude regarding family planning and the practice of contraceptives among the married women of Dhabi VDC of Eastern Nepal. A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was done in Dhabi VDC. Total of 300 married women age 15-49 sample were taken from family planning center situated in Dhabi. Knowledge, attitude and practice on contraceptives were evaluated with the help of a predesigned questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done by using SPSS 11.5 software to obtain frequencies and percentages. Out of 300 interviewed women, the mean age was 27.94 years, 98% had heard about Family planning method. Radio was the main Source of family planning information. Regarding the usage of contraceptive methods, about 79.3% had ever used and 63.3 had current using some sort of contraception, among the method used Injectables were the commonly used methods About 71% of married women other child in the further. Despite the knowledge of all family planning methods majority of the women used Injectables. Easily accessible and easily to use were the main reasons for choosing Injectables methods.

Download Full-text

Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Methods Use in Piple, Chitwan of Nepal

Journal of Chitwan Medical College ◽

10.3126/jcmc.v9i3.25778 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 22-28

Author(s):

Rajani Shah ◽

Dinesh Kumar Malla

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Younger Women ◽

Modern Contraceptives ◽

Living Children

Background: Family planning contributes in preventing maternal and child mortality and empowers women. For the past ten years contraceptive prevalence rate has remained stagnant in Nepal. This study aimed at identifying the use and factors associated with modern contraceptive methods in Piple, Chitwan, Nepal. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Piple village development committee was selected purposively, in which two wards were randomly selected. Married women of reproductive age (n=332) of each household were interviewed. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Results: About half (49%) of the respondents had used a modern contraceptive method. Women in the age groups 25-39 years [aOR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.16 - 4.92] and 40-49 years [aOR: 4.67; 95% CI: 1.71 - 12.70] were more likely to use modern contraceptives compared to the women in the age group 15-24 years. Similarly, women having 3 or more living children [aOR: 2.98; 95% CI: 1.19 - 7.50] were more likely to use the modern contraceptives than women with upto two children. Women whose husbands would approve of using the contraceptives [aOR: 11.33; 95% CI: 3.93-32.62] were more likely to use the methods than those who got or perceived no approval from husband. Conclusions: Information and service on modern contraceptive methods should be focused to younger women. Involvement of husbands in family planning program would contribute to use of modern contraceptives by women.

Download Full-text

Beyond ‘Family Planning’—Local Realities on Contraception and Abortion in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Social Sciences ◽

10.3390/socsci9110212 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 212

Author(s):

Seydou Drabo

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Family Planning ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Participant Observation ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Care Seeking ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Government

Family planning has long been promoted within international health efforts because of its potential benefits for controlling population growth, reducing poverty and maternal and child mortality, empowering women, and enhancing environmental sustainability. In Burkina Faso, the government and donor partners share a commitment to ‘family planning’, notably by increasing the low uptake of ‘modern’ contraceptive methods in the general population and reducing recourse to induced abortion, which remains legally restricted. This paper presents ethnographic findings that show the complexity of family planning within the social context of women’s lives and care-seeking trajectories. It draws on participant observation in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso’s capital, and interviews with women with a wide range of reproductive experiences and providers of family planning services. First, the paper shows that women’s use of contraceptive methods and abortion is embedded in the wider social dilemmas relating to marriage, sexuality, and gendered relationships. Second, it shows that women use contraceptives to meet a variety of needs other than those promoted in public health policies. Thus, while women’s use of contraceptive methods is often equated with family planning within public health research and health policy discourse, the uses women make of them imbue them with other meanings related to social, spiritual, or aesthetic goals.

Download Full-text

The effect of Women’s decision-making autonomy on family Planning acces in Senegal in 2017

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.125 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

N M Sougou ◽

O Bassoum ◽

M M M M Leye ◽

A Tal-Dia

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Family Planning ◽

Contraceptive Method ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Modern Contraceptive Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Modern Contraceptive Use ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of access to decision-making on women’s health in the choice of fertility control has been highlighted by research. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of access to decision-making for women’s health on access to family planning in Senegal in 2017. Methods The analyses of this study had been done on the Individual Records file of Senegal’s Demographic Health Survey 2017. This data covered 8865 women aged 15 to 49 years. The propensity scores matching method had been done. The variable access to the decision was considered as the variable of interest. Matching was done using variables that were not modified by the effect of the treatment. These were religion and socio-economic level. The outcome variables were modern contraceptive use, the existence of unmet needs and the type of modern contraceptive method used. Significance was at 5%. The condition of common support had been respected. The analysis was done with the STATA.15 software. Results Six percent (6.26%) of women could decide about their health on their own. Access to decision-making increased significantly with the woman’s age (p < 0.05). Fifteen percent (15.24%) women used a modern contraceptive method. Women using a contraceptive method were more numerous in the group with access to decision-making (29.43%) with a significant difference with the other group of 8% (p < 0.05). After matching, there was no significant difference between women in terms of modern contraceptive use and the existence of unmet needs. There was a significant difference in the type of contraceptive method used between the two groups of women. These differences were 23.17% for Intra Uterine Device, 52.98% for injections, 08.9% for implants and 10.79% for condoms. Conclusions Access to decision-making for health would facilitate women’s access to long-acting contraceptive methods. These findings show the importance of implementing gender transformative interventions in improving access to family planning. Key messages Access to decision-making for health would allow better access to modern contraceptive methods, especially those with a long duration of action. Better consideration of gender disparity reduction could improve access to family planning in Senegal.

Download Full-text

Street Theater as a Tool to Reduce Family Planning Misinformation

International Quarterly of Community Health Education ◽

10.2190/nlmg-8a1k-te8j-y5ha ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 279-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Thomas W. Valente ◽

Patricia R. Poppe ◽

Maria Elena Alva ◽

Rosario Vera De Briceño ◽

Danielle Cases

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Mass Media ◽

Health Information ◽

Interpersonal Communication ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Health Campaigns ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Media Campaigns ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Street Theater

Mass media campaigns can be effective at communicating health information to a mass audience rather inexpensively. Critics of mass media health campaigns often contend, however, that interpersonal communication is more effective at changing behavior. Conversely, interpersonal communication activities to promote health can be effective at changing behavior, but critics have argued that they have certain limitations such as being expensive and personal (perhaps intrusive), and that they provide nonstandardized information. The present study is an evaluation of a street theater format in Perú that combined the advantages of mass and interpersonal communication to improve family planning knowledge and attitudes. The street theater was effective in decreasing misinformation concerning modern contraceptive methods.

Download Full-text

IMPROVING DESIGN AND DELIVERY OF FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES TO MEET THE UNMET NEED FOR CONTRACEPTION IN QUETTA BALOCHISTAN

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i4.245 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 213-218

Author(s):

Naiha Sagheer ◽

Saleem Ullah ◽

Noureen Latif ◽

Tabinda Zaman

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Mass Media ◽

Health Workers ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Approximeately 24 percent of married women of reproductive age in Pakistan would like to adopt family planning, but are unable to avail the means to practice contraception. This study has been conducted to find out frequency and perception about family planning practices and further to explore and analyze the causes of failure to meet the demand for contraception. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on married females of reproductive age group and married males while visiting the outpatient departments of two hospitals of Quetta from January to September 2017. They were interviewed by researchers through a structured, reliable and pretested questionnaire. The data obtained and analyzed by using SPSS 21 version. Results: 76% of participants were in favour of practicing yet only 33.8% had actually practiced it sometime during their reproductive years. The major reasons for not using family planning were the apprehension of harmful effects of contraceptive methods (52.6%), non-supportive partner (30%), unavailability of services (11.4%) and religious constraints (6%). The mass media was the main source of motivational information(69%) followed by Lady health workers. Conclusion: The current prevalence of family planning is still not at the expected level, There is a dire need of the continued use of mass media and services of community health workers to raise awareness. The practice of modern contraceptive methods can be enhanced by provision of client-centered quality services.. An increase in the number of family planning centers along with an efficient functioning, monitoring, and evaluation are also required to address unmet needs of the community near their doorstep.

Download Full-text

Contraceptive prevalence and factors influencing utilization among women in Pakistan: a focus on gender-based violence

Fulbright Review of Economics and Policy ◽

10.1108/frep-05-2021-0032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Thao Thi Nguyen ◽

Sarah Neal

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Gender Based Violence ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Content Type ◽

Modern Contraception ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Contraceptive Prevalence ◽

Gender Based

PurposeIn this study, the authors determined the prevalence of contraceptive use among Pakistani women and assessed factors influencing the utilization of contraception with a particular focus on the experience of gender-based violence.Design/methodology/approachThe dataset used in this study was the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2018, which includes married women only. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to investigate the association between contraceptive use and a number of explanatory variables including experience of gender-based violence.FindingsFrom 2006 to 2018, the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) and the use of modern contraceptive methods increased slowly. The findings of this study demonstrated that higher educational level and wealth index increased the likelihood of contraceptive uptake and the use of modern contraception. Media exposure to family planning and spousal communication were protective factors that encouraged women to use contraception, including modern contraception, to avoid unwanted pregnancy. Women who experienced gender-based violence (GBV) were more likely to use contraception than women who did not experience GBV.Research limitations/implicationsThe use of secondary data limited the variety of important variable that should be investigated including knowledge of women on SRH, the attitude of women toward SRH and family planning, the skills of a healthcare provider on counseling family planning, and other barrier variables such as transportation and willingness to pay for contraceptive methods. 10;The sensitivity of the topic is considered as another challenge when collecting data. Women might be hesitant to share about their GBV experience. The experience to GBV is also hard to define and depends on the feeling of each person, especially emotional violence.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the very few studies to examine the association between GBV and contraceptive use, and thus is valuable in opening up debate about the links between these two factors.

Download Full-text

Maternal Continuum of Care as Independent Determinants for Timely Initiation of Modern Contraceptive Methods Utilization Among Postnatal Women in Arba Minch Zuria District, Southern Ethiopia

Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.33140/jgrm.05.02.02 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Family Planning ◽

Maternal Health ◽

Continuum Of Care ◽

Maternal Health Care ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Timely Initiation

Background: Initiation of family planning use during the postpartum period is crucial for both maternal and child health. Moreover, this period is the extension of maternal health care and its level of uptake is built up on the level of continuum of care of maternal health care utilization. Continuum of maternal health care including, antenatal care, skilled delivery and postnatal care is crucial for women’s reproductive health. Despite that, there was no data regarding with the importance of continuum of care of maternal health care on the postpartum modern contraceptive utilization. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the association of the continuum of maternal care on subsequent timely use of postpartum family planning. Methods: a community based cross sectional study was employed on 828 women. A multistage sampling technique was used to enroll the study participants. The data were collected by a semi-structured and pretested, face-toface, interviewer administered questionnaire. Data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS 23 software. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to declare the association between dependent and independent variables. Odds ratio, its 95% confidence interval (CI) and P-value <0.05 were used to determine the significance level. Results: the prevalence of timely initiation of postpartum contraceptive methods was 16.1%. Having of postpartum care (AOR: 2.0(95%CI: 1.2, 3.2)), completion of delivery level continuum of care (AOR: 2.9(95%CI: 1.4, 6.1)), and completion of postnatal level continuum of care (AOR: 4.0(95%CI: 2.0, 7.8)) were factors of timely intuition of postpartum contraceptive methods. Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of timely initiation of postpartum contraceptive methods was low. The finding of this study implies that the need of strengthening the connection between maternal continuum of care and reproductive components of continuum of care.

Download Full-text

Determinants of contraceptive method choice in Bangladesh: Male perspectives

South East Asia Journal of Public Health ◽

10.3329/seajph.v3i1.17711 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 50-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Md. Shahidul Islam

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Contraceptive Method ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Traditional Methods ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Modern Contraceptives ◽

Family Planning Programs ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

High Level

Family planning programs are considered to be an important way to control the rapid population growth of Bangla-desh with the main focus being women. As a male dominant country, the knowledge of, attitude towards, and ap-proval of family planning is largely influenced by the male member of couples in their choice of appropriate contra-ceptive methods. This paper examined the determinants of current choices in family planning methods in relation to male knowledge, attitude and approval of family planning practices in Bangladesh. A total of 430 married men aged 15-49 years were interviewed in Narsingdi, a district town of Bangladesh. The findings revealed that the mens level of contraceptive knowledge and their attitude to modern contraceptive was high in this area. The findings asserted that the contraceptive prevalence rate among couples was (62.1%), with oral pills (26.51%) and withdrawals (6.25%) being the most preferred modern and traditional methods respectively. The multinomial logistic regression model has been applied to understand the determinants of the choice of contraceptive method. These findings indi-cated that women in skilled occupation, positive attitude towards modern contraceptives of male, high level of knowledge on contraceptive methods of male, approval of family planning by male, and current living children had significantly more positive effects on using modern contraceptives by the couple. It was also found that couples who desired more children were less likely to use modern contraceptives. Alternatively, the education level of the hus-band and the desired number of additional children had a negative impact on the use of traditional methods while media exposure, a high level of knowledge on contraceptives, and an approval of family planning had positive im-pacts on the use of traditional contraceptives over not using any method. The government should increase the fund-ing and availability of family planning programs which promote the use of modern contraceptive methods, espe-cially those that are targeted towards the male population. South East Asia Journal of Public Health 2013; 3(1): 50-56 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v3i1.17711

Download Full-text

Migration and family planning in the state with highest total fertility rate in India

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-09906-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bidhubhusan Mahapatra ◽

Niranjan Saggurti ◽

Raman Mishra ◽

Monika Walia ◽

Saradiya Mukherjee

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Implementation Strategies ◽

Married Women ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Multi Stage ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background This study examined the relationship between male out-migration and family planning (FP) behaviour of women in rural Bihar. Methods Data was collected from 937 currently married women aged 15–34 years from two districts of Bihar, namely Nawada and Gopalganj. Respondents were selected through a multi-stage systematic sampling and were recruited from both low and high male out-migration blocks. Differences in FP outcomes—use of modern contraceptive methods, intention to use contraceptives in next 12 months and access to FP services—were assessed by volume of migration, husband’s migration status, frequency of return, and duration of husband’s stay at home during visits. Results Women with migrant husbands were about 50% less likely to use modern contraceptive methods. Further, the odds of using modern contraceptives was about half among women with migrant husbands if they resided in high out-migration areas (HMA) than low out-migration areas (LMA) (15% vs 29%, AOR: 0·50, p = 0·017). A higher proportion of women with migrant husbands, specifically from HMA, reported greater intention of using contraceptives in next 12 months than their counterparts (37% vs 23%, AOR: 1·83, p = 0·015). Similarly, access to FP services was negatively associated with the volume of male out-migration, specifically for women with migrant husbands. Conclusions The migratory environment as well as the migration of husbands affect contraceptive use and access to FP services among women. Given that a significant proportion of married males leave their home states for work, it is imperative that FP programs in migration affected areas plan and implement migration-centric FP implementation strategies.

Download Full-text