Highversuslow protein diets to mink‐postprandial plasma urea and creatinine response, osmotic load and pattern of nitrogen and electrolyte excretion

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne‐Helene Tauson ◽  
N. E. Hansen ◽  
S. Wamberg
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Excretion ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Osmotic Load

The performance of calves given concentrate diets treated with formaldehyde

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Faichney ◽  
HL Davies
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Formaldehyde Treatment ◽  
Protein Diets

Five groups of Friesian bull calves were given concentrate diets containing 70 % barley in which low (12 %), medium (15 %), and high (19%) protein levels were obtained by varying the amount of peanut meal included. The effects of protein level and of formaldehyde treatment of the complete diet at the low and medium protein levels were studied in terms of liveweight gain, voluntary food consumption, digestibility of the diet, ammonia nitrogen in rumen fluid, and urea and a-amino nitrogen in blood plasma. Observations were begun when the calves reached 70 kg liveweight and continued until they reached 130 kg liveweight. The calves given the low protein diets grew more slowly than those given the higher protein diets. The calves given the high protein diet grew no better than those given the medium protein diets. Formaldehyde treatment was associated with an increase in the rate of liveweight gain of 9% (P = 0.11) at the low protein level but had practically no effect at the medium protein level. The treatment did not adversely affect voluntary food consumption but was associated with decreases in the digestibility of nitrogen and in rumen ammonia levels and small increases in plasma urea levels.

Digestion by sheep of concentrate diets containing formaldehyde-treated peanut meal

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Faichney
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Formaldehyde Treatment ◽  
Protein Diets

The effect of formaldehyde treatment of peanut meal on the digestion of barley-peanut meal diets was studied in fistulated crossbred sheep at two peanut meal and therefore dietary protein levels. There were no differences either between protein levels or due to treatment in the overall digestion of organic matter, but more of this digestion took place in the stomach when the low protein diets were given. Dietary starch was completely digested. There was no effect of protein level or of formaldehyde treatment on the partition of starch digestion between the stomach and the intestines. About 10% of the dietary nitrogen disappeared from the stomach when the high protein diet containing untreated peanut meal was given; treatment resulted in a small net gain of nitrogen in the stomach. There was a net gain of nitrogen in the stomach when the low protein diets were given, the gain tending to be greater when the peanut meal was treated. When the meal was treated, there was a small but not significant increase (c. 2%) for the low protein diet and a substantial increase (c. 31 %) for the high protein diet in the amount of crude protein digested in the intestines per unit of digestible organic matter intake. Changes observed in the composition and flow of digesta and in plasma urea and cc-amino nitrogen levels are discussed in relation to the digestion of organic matter and protein.

Plasma Urea Nitrogen Concentration and Growth Performance of Finishing Pigs Fed Sorghum-Soybean Meal, Low-Protein Diets

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Figueroa ◽  
M. Martínez ◽  
J. E. Trujillo ◽  
V. Zamora ◽  
J. L. Cordero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

scholarly journals Effect of CLA supplementation to low-protein diets on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, plasma urea nitrogen concentration, and fatty acid profile in the meat of pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 742-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Martínez-Aispuro ◽  
José Luis Figueroa-Velasco ◽  
Vicente Zamora-Zamora ◽  
José Luis Cordero-Mora ◽  
Carlos Narciso-Gaytán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

scholarly journals Nitrogen balance of starting barrow pigs fed on increasing lysine levels

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Moreira ◽  
Alessandro Luis Fraga ◽  
Diovani Paiano ◽  
Gisele Cristina de Oliveira ◽  
Cláudio Scapinello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Feed Protein ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Net Protein

The effects of increasing lysine levels on nitrogen balance of pigs fed on low protein diets were evaluated. Four treatments (diets) containing lysine levels (0.8, 1.0 1.2 and 1.4%) were applied to 12 starting (20.0 ± 1.8 kg) barrow pigs. Methionine, threonine and tryptophan were kept constant to the lysine ratio in all diets. Feces and urine were collected during a 5-day period. Nitrogen output in urine (NOU), total nitrogen output (TNO), nitrogen retention (NR), net protein utilization (NPU), biological value or feed protein (BVFP), urine urea nitrogen (UUN), and plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) were determined. PUN showed high negative correlations with BVFP (-0.84), NPU (-0.76), and NR (-0.78) and a positive correlation (0.79) to NOU. Lowest nitrogen excretion and the best use of diet protein were obtained with 1.1% total lysine level. PUN is efficient to indicate amino acid for pigs.

Effects of dietary protein and potassium contents on plasma urea nitrogen and amino acids in relation to performance of swine

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjiu Cai ◽  
Richard C. Ewan ◽  
Dean R. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Potassium Addition

Ninty-six 51 kg-pigs were used to determine effects of dietary protein and potassium levels on concentrations of plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) and free amino acids. Pigs were fed four diets containing 13 or 15% of protein and 0 or 0.4% of potassium addition. Gilts took more days to reach an average weight of 110 kg with lower PUN and less backfat than barrows (P < 0.05), but sex did not affect concentrations of plasma free amino acids (P > 0.10). The pigs fed 15% protein diets had higher PUN (P < 0.01) and plasma threonine and isoleucine (P < 0.05), but lower (P < 0.05) plasma lysine, glutamic acid and glycine than pigs fed 13% protein diets. The 0.4% potassium addition resulted in a tendency to increase PUN (P = 0.06) and a decrease in concentrations of plasma alanine, glutamic acid and glycine (P < 0.05). There was an interaction between protein and potassium treatments (P < 0.05) in which plasma lysine concentration decreased with potassium addition to the 13% protein diet but increased with potassium addition to the 15% protein diet. The results indicate that lower PUN concentrations in gilts were associated with improved efficiency of deposition of dietary nitrogen, resulting in improved carcass grade compared with barrows receiving the same dietary treatments. Key words: Plasma urea nitrogen, free amino acids, protein, potassium, pigs

scholarly journals Lysine requirement of starting barrows from two genetic groups fed on low crude protein diets

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Luís Fraga ◽  
Ivan Moreira ◽  
Antonio Claudio Furlan ◽  
Alexandre Orio Bastos ◽  
Ricardo Pinto de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Ideal Protein ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Protein Diets

A trial was carried out to determine the lysine requirement for starting barrows fed on ideal protein concept-based diets. Thirty-two pigs from a commercial crossbred genetic group (CCGG, BW=15.9 ± 1.4 kg) and 32 pigs from a dam line one (DLGG, BW= 14.8 ± 1.0 kg) were used. Pigs were allotted to 4 treatments with diets containing increasing levels of total lysine (0.80, 1.00, 1.20 and 1.40%). Methionine+cystine, threonine and tryptophan were adjusted according to ideal protein profile. Data from performance, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) and carcass composition were analyzed. CCGG showed higher daily feed intake, daily weight gain, PUN and protein:fat ratio in carcass, while DLGG showed higher fat carcass content and nitrogen retention. Fat content and protein:fat ratio in carcass for CCCGG and PUN and crude protein carcass content for DLGG showed quadratic response to increasing total lysine levels. Derivations of the quadratic equations indicated the total lysine requirement for CCGG starting barrows is 1.15% and for DLGG starting barrows is 1.09%.

scholarly journals Leucine levels in low protein diets for pigs in the initial phase

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 3829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marcela Diaz Huepa ◽  
Marcelise Regina Fachinello ◽  
Lucas Antonio Costa Esteves ◽  
Vinicius Ricardo Cambito de Paula ◽  
Silvia Leticia Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Protein Diets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the standardized ileal digestible (SID) leucine levels in low crude protein diets on Performance, backfat thickness, longissimus dorsi depth and biochemical blood parameters of starting pigs. A total of 50 pigs, with initial weight of 11.14±0.24 kg; were distributed in a randomized blocks design with five treatments (1.10; 1.25; 1.40; 1.55 and 1.70% SID leucine), five replicates and two animals per experimental unit, comprised for a barrow and a gilt. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) reduced (P=0.018) due to the increasing SID leucine levels, without affecting other growth performance parameters (final weight, average daily feed intake, average daily gain, backfat thickness, longissimus dorsi depth and lean meat percentage). There was a quadratic effect for plasma triglyceride (P=0.049) and plasma urea (P=0.001). The optimal SID leucine levels obtained for triglycerides and urea were 1.16% and 1.24%, respectively, by associating the quadratic model with the Linear Response Plateu. Low crude protein diets with SID leucine levels up to 1.70% improved the feed conversion with desired urea and triglycerides concentration in blood plasmas achieved at 1.16% and 1.24%, respectively.

Effects of feeding low protein diets to piglets on plasma urea nitrogen, faecal ammonia nitrogen, the incidence of diarrhoea and performance after weaning

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Min Heo ◽  
Jae-Cheol Kim ◽  
Christian Fink Hansen ◽  
Bruce P. Mullan ◽  
David J. Hampson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Protein Diets
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