Geotechnical characterisation of zinc tailing waste material for road construction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Sinha ◽  
Vasant G. Havanagi ◽  
Parvathi Geetha Sreekantan ◽  
Satish Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Material

scholarly journals Identification of Advance Risks to Sources and Causes of Material Waste in Road Construction Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Mega Waty ◽  
Hendrik Sulistio
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Early Risk ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Ready Mix Concrete

Early risk identification of the sources and causes of waste material for road construction projects has been carried out, and the research continues to carry out further risk identification which then becomes the final risk identification. Description and validity tests and reliability tests were carried out to obtain further risk identification. Each source variable and indicator of the cause of material waste in each material is differentfrom one another because each has a difference. The results of continued identification resulted in:   1) ready mix concrete has eight variables of waste material sources and 21 indicators of material waste causes, 2) lean concrete has seven variables of waste material sources and 18 indicators of material waste causes, 3) aggregate B has seven variables of waste material sources and 12 indicators of material waste causes,  4) landfill has eight variables of material waste sources and 26 indicators of material waste causes, 5) cement has seven variables of material waste sources and 31 indicators of material waste.

Recycling of plastic waste materials: mechanical properties and implications for road construction

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (25) ◽  
pp. 1305-1312
Author(s):  
J. A. Panashe ◽  
Y. Danyuo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Composite Samples

AbstractThis paper presents a recent study on recycling poly-ethylene-tetraphylate (PET), known as plastic waste material in Ghana, to wealth. Composites were produced by heating aggregates together with shredded PET plastic waste material, while bitumen was added to the plastic-coated aggregates. The composites produced were reinforced with 4.5 wt%, 9.0 wt%, 13.6 wt%, and 18.0 wt% PET. Mechanical properties of the fabricated composite samples were studied with a Universal testing machine for optimization. The work demonstrated that shredded PET plastic waste material acts as a strong binding agent for bitumen that can improve on the shelf life of the asphalt. From the results, 13.6 wt% concentration of PET was shown to experience the maximum compressive strength and flexural strength. Besides, water resistance was shown to increase with PET concentrations/weight fraction. From the data characterized 13.6 wt% of PET plastic gives the optimum plastic concentration that enhances the rheological properties of bitumen. The implications of the result are therefore discussed for the use of 13.6 wt% PET in road construction.

scholarly journals Application of ash and slag mixtures in the road construction: current directives and recommendations

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (8) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Patryk Damian Lewandowski ◽  
Michał Pachnicz
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Road ◽  
Material Usage

Nowadays civil engineering is constantly searching for cheaper substitutes of already known and commonly used building materials. Especially road and railway industries focus on reducing the costs, as large objects like highways and railroads can require high material usage in order to prepare required foundation. Therefore, the use of waste (in particular fly ash and slag mixtures) as a foundation material not only can bring savings but also is environment friendly, as it creates new ways to dispose waste. However, it is problematic to use the mentioned materials due to ambiguities revolving around current recommendations for their application. In the article, a comprehensive review of the fly ash and slag mixtures use in civil engineering is made. Guidelines and requirements for the use of waste material as a road foundation material are discussed. Discrepancies between the recommendations are analyzed and the potential changes are suggested. The article is also the basis for further investigation of fly ash and slag mixtures composition improvements.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Utilizing Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate as Replacement in Asphalt binder Mixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir.A Almahdi ◽  
Abobaker G. F. Ahmeda ◽  
Ibrahim Adwan ◽  
Mohd Azizul Ladin
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Waste Polyethylene

The feasibility of utilizing waste material for road construction is encouraging as it can decrease waste material harmful to the environment. Hence, a more sustainable method and a meticulous study of the available admixtures utilized to substitute standard asphalt binders with waste material must be conducted. However, there are several concerns and doubts about the real situation arising from the chemical and physical traits, as well as the mechanical performance issuing from the integration of waste material within the asphalt pavement to alleviate roads surface's permanent deformation. This investigation was carried out to study physical improvements made on ACW-14 bitumen by adding waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) to serve as a partial replacement for bitumen content compared to normal, conventional 80/100 bitumen physical and rheological behavior. PET percentage added to the bitumen content was 10%, 8%, 6%, 4% and 2% of optimum bitumen content weight. The outcomes concluded that the best performance of bitumen on its density, VTM, VFB, flow, stability, and stiffness was achieved when 5.8% of Optimum Modified-Bitumen Content using PET. All the results obtained have been compared according to JKR Standards results, and the conclusion has fulfilled these requirements.

scholarly journals Modeling of Waste Material Costs on Road Construction Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.14) ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mega Waty ◽  
Sofia W. Alisjahbana ◽  
Onnyxiforus Gondokusumo ◽  
Hendrik Sulistio ◽  
Cholil Hasyim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Road Building ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Ready Mix Concrete

Material waste is a term from the amount of waste material percentage and is one of the serious problems in the implementation of road construction project. The research objective is to calculate the average percentage of waste material in road construction projects and obtain waste material influencing profit and make a regression model of % material waste to % profit contractors. The data obtained are 158 projects in East and North Kalimantan divided into 51 road building projects and 107 road improvement projects. The percentage of waste material on road building project is B aggregate as the largest (26%) and ready mix concrete (5.3%) as the smallest. The percentage of waste material on road improvement project is B aggregate as the largest (24.2%) and ready mix concrete (6.14%) as the smallest. The influencing waste material on the road construction project is B aggregate, lean concrete and ready mix concrete with regression equation to determine the estimated % profit contractor as a function of % material waste is Y = 7.363 -0.032 X3 - 0.078 X4 - 0.066 X6. The influenced waste material on road improvement projects are cement, B aggregate, and Land Fill  with the regression equation to determine the estimated % profit of contractor as a function of % material waste is Y = 8,702- 0,037 X4-  0,054 X5- 0,044 X7.  

scholarly journals Utilization of Waste Materials for the Strengthening of Pavement Subgrade-A Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Weak Soil ◽  
Agriculture Waste ◽  
Long Period

From a long period in road construction soil is used as subgrade, sub-base, and base material. While constructing a road in the weak soil areas or subgrade has poor strength, in such cases the improvement of soil is necessary. The improvement of the soil is thru by swapping by the stronger soil or stabilization with the waste material. Dispose of these waste materials is essential as these are causing hazardous effects on the environment. With the same intention, the literature review is undertaken on the utilization of waste materials for the stabilization of soils and their performance is discussed. The waste material is one of the best solutions to the improvement of submerged properties in an economical manner. This review paper presents a brief exposure to the stabilization of soil with waste material like agriculture waste, constructional waste, and industrial waste materials.

Potential Investigation of Stabilised Fuming Furnace Slag for Road Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-512
Author(s):  
A.K. Sinha ◽  
M. Vinoth ◽  
Vasant G. Havanagi ◽  
S. Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Granular Layers ◽  
Zinc Industry

Fuming furnace (FF) slag is one of the industrial waste materials which is generated during extraction of zinc metal at the zinc industry. It is deposited at the designated FF slag yard near the plant area with very limited use. As a result, the deposits are increasing year after year posing threat to the environment and occupying large area of precious land. The present research explores the possibility of using this waste material in the road construction. The tests like Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction was carried out on FF slag. To improve its geotechnical properties, it was mechanically stabilised with jarofix (another waste material generated from the same zinc industry) in the range of 25 to 75 percent. Apart from compaction characteristics, shear strength and consolidation characteristics of these mixes were studied to conclude about its feasibility in embankment and granular layers of road pavement. These mixes were further chemically stabilized with cement in the range of 3 to 9 percent to investigate their potential application in sub base and base layers of road construction. Compressive and durability characteristics of these mixes were also studied. Detailed laboratory study concluded that FF slag is a porous; amorphous cohesionless coarse grained material with high angle of internal friction. Engineering properties viz. dry density, CBR, and shear strength characteristics improved significantly after mechanical stabilisation with jarofix. These parameters of FF slag were compared with other industrial waste materials. Unconfined compressive strength and durability characteristics indicated suitability of cement stabilised slag-jarofix mixes for sub base and base layers of road pavement. It was concluded that about 20-30 percent of FF slag can be used as a replacement of fine aggregate in these granular layers. A typical pavement design indicated that it is possible to reduce the total pavement thickness of about 13 percent by using cement stabilised slag-jarofix mix.

scholarly journals Influence of Steel Slag Aggregates on Impact Strength and Abrasion Resistance of Concrete Pavement

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4686-4688
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Conventional Material ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Steel Industries

Steel slag is a byproduct and waste material produced in steel industries. This kind of solid waste material creates disposal problem and environmental effects. Demand of concrete and consequently the aggregate demand was rising fatly. Hence, it is necessary to find other substitute for aggregates. Experiments were conducted to determine the compressive strength, Young’s modulus, flexural strength, Poisson’s ratio, Abrasion resistance and impact strength of concrete with different percentage of steel slag aggregate. Pavement design is carried as per IRC:58-2002.The results specify that with the rise in percentage of steel slag aggregate the strength decreases when compared to the normal concrete, but at the same instant the strength satisfied the grade (M40) concrete up to 50% replacement of steel slag. Increase of steel slag from 10% to 100% shows improvement in Impact strength as compared with normal concrete. However use of this kind of materials in road construction, will reduce the cost of construction, leads to alternate the conventional material and makes the environment pollution free.

scholarly journals Utilization of Waste Plastic and Recycle Concrete Aggregate in Production of Hot Mix Asphalt

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basim H. Al-Humeidawi
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Marshall Stability

Recycling of waste material is a recent technique aims to change the waste material into new products to reduce the pollution and detrimental effect on the environment and reduce the demand of new fresh natural sources. Plastic bags and Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) are samples of these waste materials can be re-used in road construction. Over one million bags are used every minute worldwide, whereas, aggregate is consist of about 95% of asphalt mixture and can be obtained as RCA from demolished infrastructure. This paper presents laboratory tests results of using waste plastic and RCA in production of asphalt mixture. Since the cement past attached to RCA particles contribute to lower their density and increase the porosity, the waste plastic are used to enhance the engineering properties of asphalt mixture and consume these large amount of waste material. The results showed that Waste Plastic Modified Bitumen (WPMB) mix containing 100% RCA produces higher Marshall Stability, higher retained stability and higher indirect tensile strength compared with conventional mix. The percents of the increase were 10% for Marshall Stability, 7% for Marshall retained stability and 9% for higher indirect tensile

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