A Green Industrial Revolution? Sustainable Technological Innovation in a Global Age

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.F. White
1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Fetzer

Perhaps no technological innovation has so dominated the second half of the twentieth century as has the introduction of the programmable computer. It is quite difficult if not impossible to imagine how contemporary affairs—in business and science, communications and transportation, governmental and military activities, for example—could be conducted without the use of computing machines, whose principal contribution has been to relieve us of the necessity for certain kinds of mental exertion. The computer revolution has reduced our mental labors by means of these machines, just as the Industrial Revolution reduced our physical labor by means of other machines.


Author(s):  
Jonathan Scott

This chapter concerns the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution involved the transformation of organic economies by means of a complex of changes which gave birth to the modern world. In Europe, East Asia, and elsewhere those economies were agricultural. Thus the chapter discusses the replacement of an economy 80 per cent of the output of which might have been agricultural by another in which manufacturing became the dominant sector. This involved a transition in the scale of manufacturing from artisanal to large-scale workshop and then factory production. In Britain, that entailed technological innovation, but it would not have been possible in the first place without prior sustained changes in the rest of the economy and society.


Author(s):  
Idris Olayiwola Ganiyu ◽  
Ola Olusegun Oyedele ◽  
Evelyn Derera

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has resulted in the disruption of the world of work whereby technological innovation such as artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics. These disruptions may be creative in that as some jobs are lost due to the development of artificial intelligence, new ones are created. This chapter explored the impact of disruptive technological innovations on the future of work. The skill gaps brought about by the emergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution was also explored in this chapter.


Author(s):  
Cyril Alias ◽  
Udo Salewski ◽  
Viviana Elizabeth Ortiz Ruiz ◽  
Frank Eduardo Alarcón Olalla ◽  
José do Egypto Neirão Reymão ◽  
...  

With global megatrends like automation and digitization changing societies, economies, and ultimately businesses, shift is underway, disrupting current business plans and entire industries. Business actors have accordingly developed an instinctive fear of economic decline and realized the necessity of taking adequate measures to keep up with the times. Increasingly, organizations find themselves in an evolve-or-die race with their success depending on their capability of recognizing the requirements for serving a specific market and adopting those requirements accurately into their own structure. In the transportation and logistics sector, emerging technological and information challenges are reflected in fierce competition from within and outside. Especially, processes and supporting information systems are put to the test when technological innovation start to spread among an increasing number of actors and promise higher performance or lower cost. As to warehousing, technological innovation continuously finds its way into the premises of the heterogeneous warehouse operators, leading to modifications and process improvements. Such innovation can be at the side of the hardware equipment or in the form of new software solutions. Particularly, the fourth industrial revolution is globally underway. Same applies to Future Internet technologies, a European term for innovative software technologies and the research upon them. On the one hand, new hardware solutions using robotics, cyber-physical systems and sensors, and advanced materials are constantly put to widespread use. On the other one, software solutions based on intensified digitization including new and more heterogeneous sources of information, higher volumes of data, and increasing processing speed are also becoming an integral part of popular information systems for warehouses, particularly for warehouse management systems. With a rapidly and dynamically changing environment and new legal and business requirements towards processes in the warehouses and supporting information systems, new performance levels in terms of quality and cost of service are to be obtained. For this purpose, new expectations of the functionality of warehouse management systems need to be derived. While introducing wholly new solutions is one option, retrofitting and adapting existing systems to the new requirements is another one. The warehouse management systems will need to deal with more types of data from new and heterogeneous data sources. Also, it will need to connect to innovative machines and represent their respective operating principles. In both scenarios, systems need to satisfy the demand for new features in order to remain capable of processing information and acting and, thereby, to optimize logistics processes in real time. By taking a closer look at an industrial use case of a warehouse management system, opportunities of incorporating such new requirements are presented as the system adapts to new data types, increased processing speed, and new machines and equipment used in the warehouse. Eventually, the present paper proves the adaptability of existing warehouse management systems to the requirements of the new digital world, and viable methods to adopt the necessary renovation processes.


Author(s):  
I Budiarti ◽  
F Hibatulloh ◽  
M Salman

FinTech is defined as technological innovation in financial services that can produce business models, applications, processes, or products with material effects related to financial services provision. This study aims to analyze the impact of developing a digital payment system and prevent inflation due to a large amount of cash in circulation. The method used in this study is qualitative. Fintech technology is very beneficial for the community, especially in industrial revolution 4.0, where this digital payment system has advantages and disadvantages. The advantages are efficiency and safety, while the disadvantages are higher interest costs. This digital payment system can minimize inflation due to the large amount of money circulating in society.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max van der Linden ◽  
Denny Borsboom

Abstract Cognition played a pivotal role in the acceleration of technological innovation during the Industrial Revolution. Growing affluence may have provided favourable environmental conditions for a boost in cognition, enabling individuals to tackle more complex (industrial) problems. Dynamical systems thinking may provide useful tools to describe sudden transitions like the Industrial Revolution, by modelling the recursive feedback between psychology and environment.


Author(s):  
Brett J. Derbes

In chapter 3 Derbes discusses efforts during the antebellum era by southern state legislators to create financially self-sustaining penitentiaries that encouraged inmate rehabilitation through silent reflection and physical labor. The European Enlightenment’s influence on new methods of punishment and technological innovation from the Industrial Revolution contributed to the rise of prison workshops and inmate labor in the Deep South. An examination of inmate labor at the state penitentiaries of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia highlights a controversial aspect of free labor within a slave society. Convicts provided a captive, reliable, and inexpensive workforce, but their use as labor attracted criticism from local artisans and mechanics’ organizations. This competition between costly private and cheap inmate labor led to conflict that abated temporarily when demand for military supplies increased during the Civil War. The modern prison-industrial complex evolved from experimental workshops established at southern state penitentiaries nearly two centuries ago.


Author(s):  
Diana Soeiro

Architects and urban planners currently face the challenge of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) that quickly permeates urban environments. In an effort to understand this event as one that goes beyond technology use and technological innovation, the authors investigate how the concept of atmosphere is key to envisioning the future of smart cities. In order to clarify the understanding of the concept, this chapter presents an original alignment of three clusters of authors (Goethe and Wittgenstein, Böhme and Schmitz, and Bratton). The goal is to demonstrate that atmospheres and urban ambiances are fundamental urban design elements. They have the ability to positively shape technology use in cities as decisive elements to promote sustainable smart cities.


2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Liao

Hailed as the “foundation of the next industrial revolution,” nanotechnology is reshaping the landscape of technological innovation and creating hope around the world. Some believe that nanotechnology can address the critical needs of developing countries, but others are less optimistic. At one end of the spectrum, scientists predict that, among other accomplishments, nanotechnology can alleviate poverty, provide safe drinking water, and cure diseases. At the other end, skeptics warn that nanotechnology can further widen the gap between the rich and the poor, contributing to an already imbalanced global landscape. What can nanotechnology bring to the 21st century? How and in what ways should it intersect with law, public policy, and the plight of the developing world?This article argues that the international community can harness nanotechnology to create sustainable development, particularly in the field of water remediation and treatment, but it must learn from its past missteps and adopt a strategy that combines two competing theories: instrumentalism and contextualism. Instrumentalism is the concept that technology is superb and stakeholders can easily transfer it from one application to another. In contrast, contextualism places technology in a socioeconomic context and conditions technological success on the stakeholders’ ability to meet local needs.


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