Impact of Nosocomial Infection on Cost of Illness and Length of Stay in Intensive Care Units

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Yin Chen ◽  
Yi-Chang Chou ◽  
Pesus Chou
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjective:Economic evaluation has become increasingly important in healthcare and infection control. This study evaluated the impact of nosocomial infections on cost of illness and length of stay (LOS) in intensive care units (ICUs).Design:A retrospective cohort study.Setting:Medical, surgical, and mixed medical and surgical ICUs in a tertiary-care referral medical center.Patients:Patients admitted to adult ICUs between October 2001 and June 2002 were eligible for the study.Methods:Estimates of the cost and LOS for patients who acquired a nosocomial infection were computed using a stratified analysis and regression approach.Results:During the study period, 778 patients were admitted to the ICUs. Total costs for patients with and without nosocomial infections (median cost, $10,354 and $3,985, respectively) were significantly different (P < .05). The costs stratified by infection site (median differences from $4,687 to $7,365) and primary diagnosis (median differences from $5,585 to $16,507) were also significantly different (P < .05) except for surgical-site infection. After covariates were adjusted for in the multiple linear regression, nosocomial infection increased the total costs by $3,306 per patient and increased the LOS by 18.2 days per patient (P < .001). Each additional day spent in the ICU increased the cost per patient by $353 (P < .001).Conclusions:Nosocomial infections are associated with increased cost of illness and LOS. Prevention of nosocomial infections should reduce direct costs and decrease the LOS.

A Prospective Study of Outcomes, Healthcare Resource Utilization, and Costs Associated With Postoperative Nosocomial Infections

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1291-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loreen A. Herwaldt ◽  
Joseph J. Cullen ◽  
David Scholz ◽  
Pamela French ◽  
M. Bridget Zimmerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective.We evaluated 4 important outcomes associated with postoperative nosocomial infection: costs, mortality, excess length of stay, and utilization of healthcare resources.Design.The outcomes for patients who underwent general, cardiothoracic, and neurosurgical operations were recorded during a previous clinical trial. Multivariable analyses including significant covariates were conducted to determine whether nosocomial infection significantly affected the outcomes.Setting.A large tertiary care medical center and an affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Center.Patients.A total of 3,864 surgical patients.Results.The overall nosocomial infection rate was 11.3%. Important covariates included age, Karnofsky score, McCabe and Jackson classification of the severity of underlying disease, National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system risk index, and number of comorbidities. After accounting for covariates, nosocomial infection was associated with increased postoperative length of stay, increased costs, increased hospital readmission rate, and increased use of antimicrobial agents in the outpatient setting. Nosocomial infection was not associated independently with a significantly increased risk of death in this surgical population.Conclusion.Postoperative nosocomial infection was associated with increased costs of care and with increased utilization of medical resources. To accurately assess the effects of nosocomial infections, one must take into account important covariates. Surgeons seeking to decrease the cost of care and resource utilization must identify ways to decrease the rate of postoperative nosocomial infection.

scholarly journals “NEWS ON AIR!” - AIR SURVEILLANCE REPORT FROM INTENSIVE CARE UNITS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnini Banerjee ◽  
Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Vandana Ke ◽  
Archana Bupendra ◽  
Muralidhar Varma
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

ABSTRACTBackground: The role of airborne microorganisms in the nosocomial infections is debatable since past. Very limited and inconclusive data availableabout the contribution of the air microflora, especially the multidrug resistant (MDR) one, to the hospital-acquired infections in the Intensive CareUnits (ICUs).Objective: To analyze the microbial population and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the indoor air in relation to the nosocomial infectionsin the different ICUs at different periods in the tertiary care hospital.Methods: Microbial monitoring of the air was performed in 5 different ICUs for 1 year by passive sampling method.Results: A total of 221 air samples were collected for 1 year from five different ICUs. 92.53% were Gram-positive bacteria and 8.11% were Gramnegativebacteria. Staphylococcus spp. (34.21%) and Acinetobacter spp. (63.04%) were the most common isolated bacteria among Gram-positiveand Gram-negative organisms, respectively, and among the fungal isolates, all of them were Aspergillus spp. (5.84%) from the air sample. Ventilatorassociatedpneumonia was the most common nosocomial infection and Acinetobacter spp. was the frequently isolated MDR organism.Conclusion: Air could be the major source of nosocomial infections by MDR Gram-negative organisms in the ICUs which require special attention andsurveillance.Keywords: Air sampling, Intensive Care Units, Multidrug-resistant organisms, Nosocomial infection.

The impact of formulary restriction on the relative consumption of carbapenems in intensive care units at an academic medical center

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1056-1058
Author(s):  
Jacob W. Pierce ◽  
Andrew Kirk ◽  
Kimberly B. Lee ◽  
John D. Markley ◽  
Amy Pakyz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Formulary Restriction

AbstractAntipseudomonal carbapenems are an important target for antimicrobial stewardship programs. We evaluated the impact of formulary restriction and preauthorization on relative carbapenem use for medical and surgical intensive care units at a large, urban academic medical center using interrupted time-series analysis.

Nosocomial Infections in a New Medical Center, Turkey

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 534-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengül Durmaz ◽  
Riza Durmaz ◽  
Bariş Otlu ◽  
Emine Sönmez
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Bed Capacity ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Nosocomial infection was found in 255 (2.5%) of 10,164 inpatients in a new medical center with a 310-bed capacity. The infection rate was 12.5% in the intensive care unit, 9.5% in neurology, 5.5% in general surgery, and 4.0% in orthopedics. Rates in the other services were lower. Hospital-acquired infections in our medical center frequently involved multiply resistant Enterobacteriaceae and staphylococci.

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