scholarly journals A note on Polyakov's non-local form of the effective action

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. L7-L9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Dowker
Author(s):  
Omar Zanusso ◽  
Sebastián A. Franchino-Viñas ◽  
Tibério de Paula Netto

We review past and present results on the non-local form-factors of the effective action of semiclassical gravity in two and four dimensions computed by means of a covariant expansion of the heat kernel up to the second order in the curvatures. We discuss the importance of these form-factors in the construction of mass-dependent beta functions for the Newton's constant and the other gravitational couplings.


Author(s):  
Iosif L. Buchbinder ◽  
Ilya L. Shapiro

This chapter describes in detail basic results concerning the conformal (trace) anomaly and anomaly-induced action in four spacetime dimensions. It is shown how the anomaly appears from the non-local form factors discussed in chapter 16. Starting from the conformal transformations, the necessary invariants and transformation rules are obtained. The simplest derivation of the anomaly in dimensional regularization is explained, followed by the equally simple calculation of the anomaly-induced effective action of gravity. The chapter also briefly discusses applications of the induced effective action in cosmology and black hole physics.


Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Franchino-Viñas ◽  
Tibério de Paula Netto ◽  
Omar Zanusso

We review past and present results on the non-local form-factors of the effective action of semiclassical gravity in two and four dimensions computed by means of a covariant expansion of the heat kernel up to the second order in the curvatures. We discuss the importance of these form-factors in the construction of mass-dependent beta functions for the Newton’s constant and the other gravitational couplings.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1850188 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Elizalde ◽  
S. D. Odintsov ◽  
E. O. Pozdeeva ◽  
S. Yu. Vernov

The cosmological dynamics of a non-locally corrected gravity theory, involving a power of the inverse d’Alembertian, is investigated. Casting the dynamical equations into local form, the fixed points of the models are derived, as well as corresponding de Sitter and power-law solutions. Necessary and sufficient conditions on the model parameters for the existence of de Sitter solutions are obtained. The possible existence of power-law solutions is investigated, and it is proven that models with de Sitter solutions have no power-law solutions. A model is found, which allows to describe the matter-dominated phase of the Universe evolution.


Universe ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesław Rachwał

Conformal symmetry always played an important role in field theory (both quantum and classical) and in gravity. We present construction of quantum conformal gravity and discuss its features regarding scattering amplitudes and quantum effective action. First, the long and complicated story of UV-divergences is recalled. With the development of UV-finite higher derivative (or non-local) gravitational theory, all problems with infinities and spacetime singularities might be completely solved. Moreover, the non-local quantum conformal theory reveals itself to be ghost-free, so the unitarity of the theory should be safe. After the construction of UV-finite theory, we focused on making it manifestly conformally invariant using the dilaton trick. We also argue that in this class of theories conformal anomaly can be taken to vanish by fine-tuning the couplings. As applications of this theory, the constraints of the conformal symmetry on the form of the effective action and on the scattering amplitudes are shown. We also remark about the preservation of the unitarity bound for scattering. Finally, the old model of conformal supergravity by Fradkin and Tseytlin is briefly presented.


Author(s):  
Jean Zinn-Justin

Chapter 14 contains a general discussion of the quantization and renormalization of non–Abelian gauge theories. The quantization necessitates gauge fixing and introduces the Faddeev–Popov determinant. Slavnov–Taylor identities for vertex (one–particle–irreducible (1PI)) functions, the basis of a first proof of renormalizability, follow. The Faddeev–Popov determinant leads to a non–local action. A local form is generated by introducing Faddeev–Popov ghost fields. The new local action has an important new symmetry, the BRST symmetry. However, the explicit realization of the symmetry is not stable under renormalization. By contrast, a quadratic equation that is satisfied by the action and generating functional of 1PI functions, the Zinn–Justin equation, is stable and at the basis of a general proof of the renormalizability of non–Abelian gauge theories. The proof involves some simple elements of BRST cohomology. The renormalized form of BRST symmetry then makes it possible to prove gauge independence and unitarity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alesandro Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Faqir C. Khanna

Abstract In this paper the differential cross section for Bhabha scattering in the very special relativity (VSR) framework is calculated. The main characteristic of the VSR is to modify the gauge invariance. This leads to different types of interactions appearing in a non-local form. In addition, using the Thermo Field Dynamics formalism, thermal corrections for the differential cross section of Bhabha scattering in VSR framework are obtained.


Author(s):  
Iosif L. Buchbinder ◽  
Ilya L. Shapiro

This chapter is devoted to the direct explicit calculations of non-local form factors in two-point functions in real scalar field theory. Two simple examples in flat spacetime demonstrate the relationship between logarithmic ultraviolet (UV) divergences in the cut-off and dimensional regularizations, which is used for deriving the form factors. The chapter then shows how one can establish the direct relation between logarithmic UV divergences and the logarithmic behavior of the momentum-dependent non-local form factors in the UV. In the low-energy (infrared) limit, it is possible to observe quadratic decoupling with respect to the mass of the quantum field. In curved space, analogous results are reproduced using the generally covariant heat-kernel solution. Calculations are given in full details.


1995 ◽  
Vol 242 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.J.R. Aitchison ◽  
J.A. Zuk

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