scholarly journals Fate of the true-vacuum bubbles

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (06) ◽  
pp. 033-033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. González ◽  
A. Bellorín ◽  
Mónica A. García-Ñustes ◽  
L.E. Guerrero ◽  
S. Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
True Vacuum

scholarly journals POSSIBILITY OF FORMING A LARGE DCC IN ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (15) ◽  
pp. 2269-2288
Author(s):  
SANATAN DIGAL ◽  
RAJARSHI RAY ◽  
SUPRATIM SENGUPTA ◽  
AJIT M. SRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Fluctuations ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Chiral Condensate ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Chiral Field ◽  
Heavy Nuclei ◽  
True Vacuum

We demonstrate the possibility of forming a single, large domain of disoriented chiral condensate (DCC) in a heavy-ion collision. In our scenario, rapid initial heating of the parton system provides a driving force for the chiral field, moving it away from the true vacuum and forcing it to go to the opposite point on the vacuum manifold. This converts the entire hot region into a single DCC domain. Subsequent rolling down of the chiral field to its true vacuum will then lead to emission of a large number of (approximately) coherent pions. The requirement of suppression of thermal fluctuations to maintain the (approximate) coherence of such a large DCC domain, favors three-dimensional expansion of the plasma over the longitudinal expansion even at very early stages of evolution. This also constrains the maximum temperature of the system to lie within a window. We roughly estimate this window to be about 200–400 MeV. These results lead us to predict that extremely high energy collisions of very small nuclei (possibly hadrons) are better suited for observing signatures of a large DCC. Another possibility is to focus on peripheral collisions of heavy nuclei.

Power law expansion of the early universe for a V (a) = kan potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850005
Author(s):  
Augusto S. Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Early Universe ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Rigorous Proof ◽  
Exponential Expansion ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
Classical Potential ◽  
The Universe

In a recent paper, He, Gao and Cai [Phys. Rev. D 89, 083510 (2014)], found a rigorous proof, based on analytical solutions of the Wheeler–DeWitt (WDWE) equation, of the spontaneous creation of the universe from nothing. The solutions were obtained from a classical potential [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the scale factor. In this paper, we present a complementary (to that of He, Gao and Cai) solution to the WDWE equation with [Formula: see text]. I have found an exponential expansion of the true vacuum bubble for all scenarios. In all scenarios, we found a power law behavior of the scale factor result which is in agreement with another studies.

scholarly journals COLEMAN–DE LUCCIA TUNNELING AND THE GIBBONS–HAWKING TEMPERATURE

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 1019-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-H. HENRY TYE ◽  
DANIEL WOHNS ◽  
YANG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Tunneling ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Thermal Fluctuation ◽  
Hawking Temperature ◽  
Vacuum Energy Density ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Tunneling Process ◽  
True Vacuum

We study Coleman–de Luccia tunneling in some detail. We show that, for a single scalar field potential with a true and a false vacuum, there are four types of tunneling, depending on the properties of the potential. A general tunneling process involves a combination of thermal (Gibbons–Hawking temperature) fluctuation part way up the barrier followed by quantum tunneling. The thin-wall approximation is a special limit of the case (of only quantum tunneling) where inside the nucleation bubble is the true vacuum while the outside reaches the false vacuum. Hawking–Moss tunneling is the (only thermal fluctuation) limit of the case where the inside of the bubble does not reach the true vacuum at the moment of its creation, and the outside is cut off by the de Sitter horizon before it reaches the false vacuum. A typical tunneling process is a combination of thermal and quantum tunnelings. We estimate the tunneling rate for this case and find that the corrections to the Hawking–Moss formula can be large. In all cases, we see that the Euclidean action of the bounce decreases rapidly as the vacuum energy density increases, signaling that the tunneling is not exponentially suppressed. This phenomenon may be interpreted as a finite temperature effect due to the Gibbons–Hawking temperature of the de Sitter space. As an application, we discuss the implication of this tunneling property to the cosmic landscape.

Phase transitions and topological defects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kachelriess
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Topological Defects ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
Broken Symmetries ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
First Order Phase

As the early universe cools down, it may perform transitions to phases with more and more broken symmetries. In a first-order phase transition, fields may be trapped in the false vacuum; the rate of the resulting tunneling process to the true vacuum is derived. Phase transitions can lead also to the formation of topological defects. Their structure and the reason for their stability are discussed.

Decay of the true vacuum in curved space-time

1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1088-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimyeong Lee ◽  
Erick J. Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Space Time ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
True Vacuum

REAL-TIME FORMALISM OF THERMOFIELD DYNAMICS AND MATSUBARA APPROACH IN QUANTUM STATISTICAL PHYSICS

1990 ◽  
Vol 05 (26) ◽  
pp. 2183-2188
Author(s):  
A. A. ABRIKOSOV
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Integration Contour ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
Time Formalism ◽  
Quantum Statistical ◽  
Real Time Formalism

When studying thermodynamic properties by means of quantum field theory methods one can deform the Matsubara integration contour in the complex time plane. The deformations are restricted by Hamiltonian singularities which are due to turning on an interaction. One should construct the real-time technique in the true vacuum taking the interaction into account.

Observational limits on true vacuum bubbles

1992 ◽  
Vol 276 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Liddle ◽  
David Wands
Keyword(s):  
True Vacuum

scholarly journals Explaining Defects of the Universal Vacua with Black Holes-Hedgehogs and Strings

Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
C. Das ◽  
L. Laperashvili ◽  
H. Nielsen ◽  
B. Sidharth
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Topological Defects ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Higgs Bosons ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
The Stability

Assuming the Multiple Point Principle (MPP) as a new law of Nature, we considered the existence of the two degenerate vacua of the Universe: (a) the first Electroweak (EW) vacuum at v 1 ≈ 246 GeV—“true vacuum”, and (b) the second Planck scale “false vacuum” at v 2 ∼ 10 18 GeV. In these vacua, we investigated different topological defects. The main aim of the paper is an investigation of the black-hole-hedgehogs configurations as defects of the false vacuum. In the framework of the f ( R ) gravity, described by the Gravi-Weak unification model, we considered a black-hole solution, which corresponds to a “hedgehog”—global monopole, that has been “swallowed” by the black-hole with mass core M B H ∼ 10 18 GeV and radius δ ∼ 10 − 21 GeV − 1 . Considering the results of the hedgehog lattice theory in the framework of the S U ( 2 ) Yang-Mills gauge-invariant theory with hedgehogs in the Wilson loops, we have used the critical value of temperature for the hedgehogs’ confinement phase ( T c ∼ 10 18 GeV). This result gave us the possibility to conclude that the SM shows a new physics (with contributions of the S U ( 2 ) -triplet Higgs bosons) at the scale ∼10 TeV. This theory predicts the stability of the EW-vacuum and the accuracy of the MPP.

scholarly journals MULTIVERSE IN THE THIRD QUANTIZED HORAVA–LIFSHITZ THEORY OF GRAVITY

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250007 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIR FAIZAL
Keyword(s):  
Baryon Number ◽  
Scaling Factor ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
Present Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
Lifshitz Theory ◽  
Theory Of Gravity ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Detail Balance

In this paper we analyze the third quantization of Horava–Lifshitz theory of gravity without detail balance. We show that the Wheeler–DeWitt equation for Horava–Lifshitz theory of gravity in minisuperspace approximation becomes the equation for time-dependent harmonic oscillator. After interpreting the scaling factor as the time, we are able to derive the third quantized wave function for multiverse. We also show in third quantized formalism it is possible that the universe can form from nothing. Then we go on to analyze the effect of introducing interactions in the Wheeler–DeWitt equation. We see how this model of interacting universes can be used to explain baryogenesis with violation of baryon number conservation in the multiverse. We also analyze how this model can possibly explain the present value of the cosmological constant. Finally we analyze the possibility of the multiverse being formed from perturbations around a false vacuum and its decay to a true vacuum.

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