scholarly journals Development of strategy for combined smart ventilated window and PCM energy storage control for residential building energy saving

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012161
Author(s):  
Yue Hu ◽  
Per Kvols Heiselberg
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Before And After

Abstract The paper studies the energy renovation of a residential building with new façade solutions combining smart ventilated window (VW) and PCM energy storage and the corresponding control strategy to ensure energy savings. The study is carried out by Energyplus modelling comparing the energy consumption and thermal comfort of an apartment before and after renovation. A detailed control strategy is introduced and simulated. The modelling results of the apartment before and after retrofit indicate that with the designed control strategies, the average energy saving percentage of the apartment with PCM energy storage and VW compared to the apartment without PCM energy storage and VW is 29%. The rooms with PCMVWs achieve higher energy saving than the rooms with only VWs. The PCM energy storage improves energy performance of the VWs for both heating and cooling seasons. With the renovation, the thermal comfort of all the rooms are improved for cooling season.

scholarly journals Demand Control Strategies of a PCM Enhanced Ventilation System for Residential Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4336
Author(s):  
Yue Hu ◽  
Per Kvols Heiselberg ◽  
Tine Steen Larsen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Demand Control

A ventilated window system enhanced by phase change material (PCM) has been developed, and its energy-saving potential examined in previous works. In this paper, the ventilation control strategies are further developed, to improve the energy-saving potential of the PCM energy storage. The influence of ventilation airflow rate on the energy-saving potential of the PCM storage is firstly studied based on an EnergyPlus model of a sustainable low energy house located in New York. It shows that in summer, the optimized ventilation airflow rate is 300 m3/h. The energy-saving of utilizing a ventilated window with PCM energy storage is 10.1% compared to using a stand-alone ventilated window, and 12.0% compared to using a standard window. In winter, the optimized ventilation airflow rate is 102 m3/h. The energy-saving of utilizing a ventilated window with PCM energy storage is 26.6% compared to using a stand-alone ventilated window, and 32.8% compared to using a standard window. Based on the optimized ventilation airflow rate, a demand control ventilation strategy, which personalizes the air supply and heat pump setting based on the demand of each room, is proposed and its energy-saving potential examined. The results show that the energy savings of using demand control compared to a constant ventilation airflow rate in the house is 14.7% in summer and 30.4% in winter.

Effective Mixed-Mode Ventilation System With Intermittent Personalized Ventilation for Improving Thermal Comfort in an Office Space

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvire Katramiz ◽  
Nesreen Ghaddar ◽  
Kamel Ghali
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Performance Simulation ◽  
Office Space ◽  
Personalized Ventilation

Abstract The mixed-mode ventilation (MMV) system is an energy-friendly ventilation technique that combines natural ventilation (NV) with mechanical air conditioning (AC). It draws in fresh air when the outdoor conditions are favorable or activates otherwise the AC system during occupancy hours. To improve performance of the MMV system, it is proposed to integrate it with an intermittent personalized ventilation (IPV) system. IPV delivers cool clean air intermittently to the occupant and enhances occupant thermal comfort. With the proper ventilation control strategy, IPV can aid MMV by increasing NV mode operational hours, and improve the energy performance of the AC system by relaxing the required macroclimate set point temperature. The aim of this work is to study the IPV+MMV system performance for an office space application in terms of thermal comfort and energy savings through the implementation of an appropriate control strategy. A validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of an office space equipped with IPV is used to assess the thermal fields in the vicinity of an occupant. It is then coupled with a transient bio-heat and comfort models to find the overall thermal comfort levels. Subsequently, a building-performance simulation study is performed using Integrated Environmental Solutions-Virtual Environment (IES-VE) for an office in Beirut, Lebanon for the typical summer month of July. An energy analysis is conducted to predict the savings of the suggested design in comparison to the conventional AC system. Results showed that the use of IPV units and MMV significantly reduced the number of AC operation hours while providing thermal comfort.

Energy consumption optimization for AC drives position control

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Ftorek ◽  
Milan Saga ◽  
Pavol Orsansky ◽  
Jan Vittek ◽  
Peter Butko
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ac Drives ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the two energy saving position control strategies for AC drives valid for a wide range of boundary conditions including an analysis of their energy expenses. Design/methodology/approach For energy demands analysis, the optimal energy control based on mechanical and electrical losses minimization is compared with the near-optimal one based on symmetrical trapezoidal speed profile. Both control strategies respect prescribed maneuver time and define acceleration profile for preplanned rest-to-rest maneuver. Findings Presented simulations confirm lower total energy expenditures of energy optimal control if compared with near-optimal one, but the differences are only small due to the fact that two energy saving strategies are compared. Research limitations/implications Developed overall control system consisting of energy saving profile generator, pre-compensator and position control system respecting principles of field-oriented control is capable to track precomputed state variables precisely. Practical implications Energy demands of both control strategies are verified and compared to simulations and preliminary experiments. The possibilities of energy savings were confirmed for both control strategies. Originality/value Experimental verification of designed control structure is sufficiently promising and confirmed assumed energy savings.

scholarly journals Field Study Of A Radiant Heating System For Sleep Thermal Comfort And Potential Energy Saving

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. K. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Heating System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radiant Temperature

As sleep is unconscious, the traditional definition of thermal comfort with conscious judgment does not apply. In this thesis sleep thermal comfort is defined as the thermal condition which enables sleep to most efficiently rejuvenate the body and mind. A comfort model was developed to stimulate the respective thermal environment required to achieve the desired body thermal conditions and a new infrared sphere method was developed to measure mean radiant temperature. Existing heating conditions according to building code conditions during sleeping hours was calculated to likely overheat a sleeping person and allowed energy saving potential by reducing nighttime heating set points. Experimenting with existing radiantly and forced air heated residential buildings, it was confirmed that thermal environment was too hot for comfortable sleep and that the infrared sphere method shows promise. With the site data, potential energy savings were calculated and around 10% of energy consumption reduction may be achieved during peak heating.

scholarly journals THERMAL COMFORT AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS FOR A BETTER RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENT IN MALAYSIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Aziah Mohd Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Data Monitoring ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Design Systems

In hot-humid Malaysia, there are around five million units of housing. Among these, the medium-density terraced are the most built. However, little emphasis was given to designing for thermal comfort and energy efficiency. Consequently, air-conditioning is ubiquitous with ever-rising residential energy consumption. This paper studied passive design systems to improve living conditions and conserve energy through orientation and insulation parameters for terraced housing. Utilizing a triangulation of methods to correlate between thermal comfort and energy performance, findings from the questionnaire survey, data monitoring and computer simulation contended that with the passive design strategies minimum thermal comfort is attainable and energy savings predicted.

Improving Ships’ Efficiency Using Energy Saving Devices (ESDs)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charinda L. Perera ◽  
Ema Muk-Pavic
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Vortex Generator ◽  
Wake Flow ◽  
Container Ship ◽  
Trapezoidal Shape ◽  
Before And After

This research paper describes the CFD work carried out by the authors to investigate the potential energy savings achieved by attaching a Vortex Generator to the hull of a container ship. This is done by computing the flow pattern at the propeller plane before and after the addition of a Vortex Generator, to determine if the addition of the mentioned device presents the propeller with a more favourable inflow. The Vortex Generator is a trapezoidal shape fin attached to the hull which works by inducing vorticity and deflecting streamlines within the boundary layer, thus diverting and equalizing wake flow into the propeller.

scholarly journals Transformation of an Office Building into a Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB): Implications for Thermal and Visual Comfort and Energy Performance

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Ballarini ◽  
Giovanna De Luca ◽  
Argun Paragamyan ◽  
Anna Pellegrino ◽  
Vincenzo Corrado
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Efficiency Measures

Directive 2010/31/EU promotes the refurbishment of existing buildings to change them into nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs). Within this framework, it is of crucial importance to guarantee the best trade-off between energy performance and indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The implications of a global refurbishment scenario on thermal and visual comfort are assessed in this paper pertaining to an existing office building. The retrofit actions applied to achieve the nZEB target consist of a combination of envelope and technical building systems refurbishment measures, involving both HVAC and lighting. Energy and comfort calculations were carried out through dynamic simulation using Energy Plus and DIVA, for the thermal and visual performance assessments, respectively. The results point out that energy retrofit actions on the building envelope would lead to significant improvements in the thermal performance, regarding both energy savings (−37% of the annual primary energy for heating) and thermal comfort. However, a daylighting reduction would occur with a consequent higher electricity demand for lighting (36%). The research presents a detailed approach applicable to further analyses aimed at optimizing the energy efficiency measures in order to reduce the imbalance between visual and thermal comfort and to ensure the best performance in both domains.

scholarly journals Systematic Simplified Simulation Methodology for Deep Energy Retrofitting Towards Nze Targets Using Life Cycle Energy Assessment

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 3038 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Sánchez Ramos ◽  
MCarmen Guerrero Delgado ◽  
Servando Álvarez Domínguez ◽  
José Luis Molina Félix ◽  
Francisco José Sánchez de la Flor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption

The reduction of energy consumption in the residential sector presents substantial potential through the implementation of energy efficiency improvement measures. Current trends involve the use of simulation tools which obtain the buildings’ energy performance to support the development of possible solutions to help reduce energy consumption. However, simulation tools demand considerable amounts of data regarding the buildings’ geometry, construction, and frequency of use. Additionally, the measured values tend to be different from the estimated values obtained with the use of energy simulation programs, an issue known as the ‘performance gap’. The proposed methodology provides a solution for both of the aforementioned problems, since the amount of data needed is considerably reduced and the results are calibrated using measured values. This new approach allows to find an optimal retrofitting project by life cycle energy assessment, in terms of cost and energy savings, for individual buildings as well as several blocks of buildings. Furthermore, the potential for implementation of the methodology is proven by obtaining a comprehensive energy rehabilitation plan for a residential building. The developed methodology provides highly accurate estimates of energy savings, directly linked to the buildings’ real energy needs, reducing the difference between the consumption measured and the predictions.

Optimal Design for the Room Temperature Control and Household Heat Metering System

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 969-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Fu ◽  
Yong Jie Zhang ◽  
Jian Dong Ye ◽  
Jian Yun Jiang ◽  
Fan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Heat Metering ◽  
Building Energy Saving ◽  
Heating Energy Consumption

With the improvement of peoples living standard, decreasing of heating energy consumption is significant for building energy saving. The practice of household heat metering system can accelerate the promotion process of household metering, regulation and control. This can improve the indoor thermal comfort of residential building and energy saving awareness, so that it will promote the development of building energy saving and emission reduction. In this paper, room temperature control and household heat metering system are optimally designed, and intelligent on-off valve regulation is developed to control room temperature. The results show that heat waste is greatly reduced by using household heat metering system and a better thermal comfort is obtained.

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