scholarly journals Improving the energy efficiency of an office building by applying a thermal comfort model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012172
Author(s):  
G Kiki ◽  
P André ◽  
A Houngan ◽  
C Kouchadé
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Thermal Comfort Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The building represents one of the main actors of global warming of the planet because of the significant amounts of energy consumed. In Benin, 44,38% of electrical energy is consumed by office and service buildings. This is explained by the excessive use of air conditioning systems due to the lack of a thermal comfort index specific to the region. This work therefore focuses on assessing the impact of the choice of a thermal comfort model on the energy efficiency of buildings. For this purpose, an office building was chosen in the south of Benin and comfort surveys were conducted among the occupants. The model selected for this purpose is the adaptive model developed by López-Pérez and al. for air-conditioned buildings in humid tropical regions. Subsequently, a monitoring campaign of meteorological, hygrothermal and energetic data of the building was carried out during six months. The results obtained show that the average temperature of the offices (Tf ≈ 24°C) during the hours of occupancy is relatively lower than the comfort temperature determined with the model (Tc = 26.2°C). Moreover, the different simulations carried out under TRNSYS by substituting the office temperatures by the comfort temperature show a reduction of about 20% of the building’s energy consumption. This shows the importance of the comfort model of López-Pérez and al. in improving the energy efficiency of the building.

Design Range of Indoor Relative Humidity in Radiant Cooling Environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4905-4908
Author(s):  
Xue Min Sui ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Guang Hui Han
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Mean Radiant Temperature ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
Radiant Cooling ◽  
Climate Parameter ◽  
Radiant Temperature ◽  
Thermal Comfort Model ◽  
The Impact

Relative humidity is an important micro-climate parameter in radiant cooling environment. Based on the human thermal comfort model, this paper studied the effect on PMV index of relative humidity, and studied the relationship of low mean radiant temperature and relative humidity, drew the appropriate design range of indoor relative humidity for radiant cooling systems.The results show that high relative humidity can compensate for the impact on thermal comfort of low mean radiant temperature, on the premise of achieving the same thermal comfort requirements. However, because of the limited compensation range of relative humidity, together with the constraints for it due to anti-condensation of radiant terminal devices, the design range of relative humidity should not be improved, and it can still use the traditional air-conditioning design standards.

scholarly journals The impact of thermal comfort in the perceived level of service and energy costs of three Brazilian airports

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Elhage Ramis ◽  
Emmanuel Antonio dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
Transportation Demand ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
The Impact

To evaluate airports' current thermal comfort temperature and humidity were registered in three main Brazilian international airports, other variables were local region climate characteristics and the constructive types of passenger terminal buildings. The Brazilian air transportation demand has considerably grown over the last decade, with some airports reaching their capacity. Thermal discomfort may be a key driver of passenger perceptions of airport service levels, specially under capacity overload situations. Therefore, to achieve airport thermal comfort within this new scenario, and with the imminent and future expansions of the airport system, certainly put extra work on the existing air conditioning systems, consequently increasing energy consumption and its associated costs. Collected temperature and humidity from each study case subsided the data for the psychrometric charts. The evidences showed temperatures below the international standards requirements for thermal comfort levels. These charts also indicated that adequate building types with natural air circulation, provides the best levels of thermal comfort. Results suggest the importance of considering the implementation of a combined system using artificial and natural air conditioning in the planning of future expansions.

Analysis of Electrical Energy Savings From Daylighting Through Skylights

Solar Energy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkarim Nemri ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
The Impact

This paper provides a simplified analysis tool to assess the energy saving potential of daylighting for commercial buildings through skylights. Specifically, the impact of daylighting is investigated for various fenestration opening sizes, glazing types, control strategies, and geographic locations. A top floor of a prototypical office building has been considered in the analysis. The results obtained for the office building can be applied to other types of buildings such as retails stores, schools, and warehouses. Based on the simulation analysis results, it was determined that skylight to floor ratio more than 0.3 does not affect significantly the lighting energy savings. An optimum value of skylight to floor area ratio was found to be 0.2 to minimize the annual total building energy use.

scholarly journals Investigate the impact of a low u-value framing condition and an insulated curb condition at cantileverd concrete balcony slabs in high-rise MURBS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chafik Murad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
U Value ◽  
Thermal Bridging ◽  
The Impact

Cantilevered concrete balcony slabs are being investigated in high-rise (MURBs) to control thermal bridging in terms of energy efficiency and thermal comfort where the use of a proprietary thermal break was the prime application as a solution to improving energy efficiency. This MRP investigated the thermal performance of using a lower U-value framed glazing condition and an insulated curb condition and developed assemblies in scenarios that were simulated in THERM, and focused on the technical performance of thermal comfort benefit of insulated curb condition of 12.7 mm thick EPS. Concrete surface temperatures were significantly increased in values from 4.8 °C to 9.6 °C and from 6.2 °C to 10.0 °C above balcony slab and from 6.7 °C to 10.8 °C below slab when an insulated curb condition was used in conventional scenarios and in a lower U-value framed condition scenario with no proprietary thermal break added. U-values are reduced 10% to 18% for the upper surface of balcony slab and 4% reduction of the overall U-values when an insulated curb condition is incorporated.

scholarly journals Thermal comfort in the low energy building - validation and modification of the Fanger model

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 15003
Author(s):  
Natalia Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Thermal Comfort Model ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays, we spend most of our time inside buildings. Thus, ensuring adequate thermal comfort is an important issue. The paper discusses the issue of thermal comfort assessment in the intelligent low energy building “Energis” of Kielce University of Technology (Poland). The tests conducted in a selected lecture theater focused on collecting anonymous questionnaires containing thermal sensation and air quality votes of the respondents as well as performing measurements of indoor air parameters (air and globe temperatures, relative humidity, air velocity and CO2 concentration). Based on the obtained data a comparison has been done between the actual sensation votes of the volunteers and the calculation results performed with the Fanger thermal comfort model. Two indices have been considered in the paper: PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied). A modification of the model has also been proposed, which considers the impact of the carbon dioxide concentration on thermal comfort.

scholarly journals The Significance of the Adaptive Thermal Comfort Limits on the Air-Conditioning Loads in a Temperate Climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiman Albatayneh ◽  
Dariusz Alterman ◽  
Adrian Page ◽  
Behdad Moghtaderi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Adaptive Thermal Comfort ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
One Year ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Thermal Comfort Model

The building industry is regarded a major contributor to climate change as energy consumption from buildings accounts for 40% of the total energy. The types of thermal comfort models used to predict the heating and cooling loads are critical to save energy in operative buildings and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). In this research, the internal air temperatures were recorded for over one year under the free floating mode with no heating or cooling, then the number of hours required for heating or cooling were calculated based on fixed sets of operative temperatures (18 °C–24 °C) and the adaptive thermal comfort model to estimate the number of hours per year required for cooling and heating to sustain the occupants’ thermal comfort for four full-scale housing test modules at the campus of the University of Newcastle, Australia. The adaptive thermal comfort model significantly reduced the time necessary for mechanical cooling and heating by more than half when compared with the constant thermostat setting used by the air-conditioning systems installed on the site. It was found that the air-conditioning system with operational temperature setups using the adaptive thermal comfort model at 80% acceptability limits required almost half the operating energy when compared with fixed sets of operating temperatures. This can be achieved by applying a broader range of acceptable temperature limits and using techniques that require minimal energy to sustain the occupants’ thermal comfort.

scholarly journals An Energy Efficiency Assessment of the Thermal Comfort in an Office building

2017 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 885-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhidan Zhao ◽  
Mahdi Houchati ◽  
AbdlMonem Beitelmal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Efficiency Assessment

scholarly journals RELASI KENYAMANAN TERMAL DAN KONSUMSI ENERGI LISTRIK WARD DI WILAYAH TROPIS LEMBAP

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Yuyus Mulia ◽  
Tri Harso Karyono ◽  
Kamal A Arif
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Tropical Regions

<p>Penelitian kenyamanan termal pada  <em>ward</em>  (bangunan rawat inap rumah sakit) belum banyak dilakukan. Isu pokok penelitian ini  mencakup aspek kenyamanan termal dan aspek konsumsi energi listrik <em>ward</em> di wilayah tropis lembap. Tujuan penelitian ini mengungkap relasi tingkat kenyamanan  termal dan tingkat konsumsi energi listrik <em>ward</em> di wilayah tropis lembap. Metoda penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 11  unit <em>ward</em> (5 unit di dataran rendah/ wilayah Cirebon dan 6  unit di dataran tinggi/ wilayah Bandung – Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia); jumlah responden 1099 orang (500 orang berada di kelompok <em>ward</em> dataran rendah, dan 599 orang di kelompok <em>ward</em> dataran tinggi).  Peralatan yang digunakan untuk mendata kondisi parameter iklim dan pilihan sensasi termal pengguna <em>ward</em> adalah pengukur dan perekam digital <em>Heat Index WBGT Meter-Model WBGT-2010SD ex Lutron</em> dan <em>Anemometer-Model AM-4222 ex Lutron</em>, serta formulir survey. Uji statistik dan analisa regresi linier terhadap data yang diperoleh, menunjukkan hasil: pada <em>ward</em> dataran rendah dengan temperatur udara lingkungan berkisar 23.4 – 37.2°C;  tingkat  kenyamanan termalnya 29.2°C dan  tingkat konsumsi energi listriknya berkisar 62 kWh/m2/th. Sementara pada <em>ward</em> dataran tinggi dengan  temperatur udara lingkungan berkisar 18.4 – 32.2°C;  tingkat kenyamanan termalnya 27.4°C dan tingkat konsumsi energi listriknya berkisar 49 kWh/m2/th.  Kesimpulan; pada <em>ward</em> di wilayah tropis lembap ditemukan adanya fakta relasi sebagai berikut: semakin tinggi temperatur udara lingkungannya,  semakin tinggi tingkat kenyamanan termalnya, dan semakin tinggi pula jumlah konsumsi energi listriknya.</p><p> </p><p>Kata Kunci: Kenyamanan termal, konsumsi energi listrik, ward, tropis lembab</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Research on thermal comfort in the ward (hospital inpatient building) has not been widely carried out. The main issues of this study include aspects of thermal comfort and aspects of ward electrical energy consumption in humid tropical regions. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relation between thermal comfort level and ward electrical energy consumption level in humid tropical regions. This research method is quantitative with a sample of 11 ward units (5 units in the lowland / Cirebon region and 6 units in the highlands / Bandung area - West Java Province, Indonesia); the number of respondents is 1099 people (500 people are in the lowland ward group, and 599 people in the highland ward group). The equipment used to record climate parameter conditions and the choice of thermal sensations for ward users is the WBGT-2010SD Model Heat Index WBGT Meter and digital recorder ex Lutron and Anemometer-Model AM-4222 ex Lutron, as well as survey forms. Statistical tests and linear regression analysis of the data obtained showed results: in the lowland ward with ambient air temperature ranging from 23.4 - 37.2 ° C; the lowest level of comfort is 29.2 ° C and the level of electricity consumption is around 62 kWh / m2 / year. While in the highland ward with environmental air temperatures ranging from 18.4 - 32.2 ° C; the lowest level of comfort is 27.4 ° C and the level of electricity consumption is around 49 kWh / m2 / year. Conclusion; In the ward in the humid tropics, the facts of the relationship are as follows: the higher the air temperature of the environment, the higher the level of thermal comfort, and the higher the amount of electricity consumption.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: thermal comfort, electrical energy consumption, ward, humid tropical</p>

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