scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of Soil Reinforcement using Geocell infilled with Quarry Dust Powder

2021 ◽  
Vol 2070 (1) ◽  
pp. 012189
Author(s):  
K Adithan ◽  
AC Neethi Chandra ◽  
Tiyyagura Laxmi Gayatri Reddy ◽  
G Vaishnao Vignesh ◽  
Animesh Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Weak Soil ◽  
Manufactured Sand ◽  
Infrastructural Development ◽  
Geotechnical Characteristics ◽  
Soil Stabilisation ◽  
Quarry Dust

Abstract Massive urbanisation and infrastructural development caused by the growing population have taken place during the last decades. This means that in a rapidly expanding world economy we are running out of land. This problem has led to the use of ground improvement techniques to enhance the usability of land masses that were once not considered suitable for the development of infrastructure. Geocell is an innovative soil stabilisation product for civil engineering and development of infrastructures. They are cell containment systems which have been produced as an easy and durable material to stabilise and protect the compaction of the soil. The environmental concern regarding the disposability of quarry dust powder (QDP), produced from production units of M-sand (Manufactured sand), is of concern to the environment. The statement that is “waste of one industry should become the raw material for another” and that drawback can be addressed effectively by using it to improve the geotechnical characteristics of the weak soil. The purpose of this study is to find the optimal geocell-layer geometry and optimum combination of QDP infills to produce less settlement at a particular load using PLAXIS 2D software. The characteristics that have been varied are quarry dust powder in infill, geocell material and frequency of loading. These parameters were used for simulations to study the response of load vs settlements and the FOS of the slope. The FOS on the slope on the terrain was found to be 4.5, a steady slope. An optimised reinforcing mattress was ultimately found out.

Research to build technological procedure for soft ground improvement using sea sand-cement-fly ash column

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (HTCS6) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Thinh Duc Ta ◽  
Phuc Dinh Hoang ◽  
Thang Anh Bui ◽  
Trang Huong Thi Ngo ◽  
Diu Thi Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Soft Ground ◽  
Design Calculation ◽  
Sea Sand ◽  
Composite Ground ◽  
Soft Ground Improvement

Sea sand-cement-fly ash column technology for soft soil treatment is a new technology in the process of completing the theoretical basis, the experimental basis, and the construction of the ground treatment technological procedure. The paper presents the results of scientific research on design, calculation, construction, and acceptance of sea sand-cement-fly ash column. The scientific basis for the design of column is to consider the role of the column in composite ground, that is to use the column as soft ground improvement or soft soil reinforcement. The important parameters for the column design are: cement and fly ash content; column length; column diameter; number of columns; distance among columns; load capacity and settlement of composite ground. The sequence of steps of construction and acceptance of column includes: selection of construction equipment, preparation of construction sites, trial construction, official construction, evaluation of ground quality after treatment and preparation of document for acceptance.

The Strength of Fly Ash-Bottom Ash (FA-BA) Mixtures as Backfill Material in Ground Improvement Works

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 937-943
Author(s):  
Abd Rahim bin Hj. Awang ◽  
Wan Hilmi bin Wan Mansor ◽  
Ahmad Yusri Bin Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fa Composition

In Malaysia, coal has been used as a raw material to generate electricity since 1988. In the past, most of the wastage of coal burning especially the bottom ash was not managed properly as it was dumped in the waste pond and accumulated drastically. This research has been conducted to explore the physical characteristic and geotechnical properties of fly ash-bottom ash (FA-BA) mixtures that consist of 30% FA, 50% FA, 70% FA and 90% FA by weight. The physical characteristics, that include the specific gravity, particle size distribution and compaction, were tested for each mixture without any curing. However, the geotechnical properties of the mixtures that include the permeability and shear strength had been studied at various curing periods (0, 14 and 28 days) to review the effect of time on the geotechnical properties of the mixtures. The results show that mixtures with higher FA composition have lower value of specific gravity, well-graded, and need less moisture to be compacted efficiently compared to those mixtures with lower FA composition. The results also show that mixtures with higher FA composition have less drainage characteristics but can be improved by prolonging the curing period. The maximum shear strength was obtained at mixture with 50%FA and the value increased with curing periods. The friction angle obtained ranged from 270to 370. It is also found that the mixtures with lower FA composition are more compressible compared to the mixtures with higher FA composition. The results obtained could be used by others to determine the suitability of different FA-BA mixtures for various usage in Geotechnical Engineering work such as for soil improvement work in weak soils or as backfill materials in embankment construction.

scholarly journals Effect of Addition of Waste Tyre Crumb Rubber on Weak Soil Stabilisation

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. Ravichandran ◽  
A. Shiva Prasad ◽  
K. Divya Krishnan ◽  
P. R. Kannan Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Weak Soil ◽  
Soil Stabilisation ◽  
Waste Tyre

Thermophysical and Radiative Properties of Conductive Biopolymer Composite

2012 ◽  
Vol 714 ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zied Antar ◽  
Hervé Noel ◽  
Jean François Feller ◽  
Patrick Glouannec ◽  
Khaled Elleuch
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity Coefficient ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Significant Cost Reduction

Usual plate solar collectors, based on a metal absorber (Cu, Al) selectively coated are technologically very sophisticated, expensive to produce and they are great consumer of fossil raw material. Polymeric materials are considered as a promising alternative for many interesting properties; easy moldability, corrosion resistance, they also offer a significant cost-reduction for solar thermal collectors, and a mass production may thus benefit to a broader utilization of solar energy. Most drawbacks of polymers are their low thermal properties; essentially thermal conductivity coefficient may strongly affect the solar absorber efficiency and deteriorate the collector performance. Polymers used in solar collectors are mainly petroleum-derivative product and mass use of them is not a response to environmental concern. That is why the laboratory chose to explore the potentialities of bio-polymers for the production of absorbers. This group of material presents the same properties as ordinary polymers. It is on the other hand possible to modify the thermal properties of the basic matrix by the addition of loads, such as carbon black, graphite or carbon nanotubes. The thermal performance of a solar collector is closely related to the thermal properties of the absorber. Within this framework, many measurements are necessary, more particularly the conductivity, but also emissivity and absorptivity to solar radiation. The aim of this paper is to study the thermal properties of the PLA bio-polymer charged of exfoliated graphite and/or CNT. Thereafter, the total hemispherical absorptivity, an estimation of the total hemispherical emissivity and the thermal conductivity coefficient were measured for different load rates, we will conclude on the interest and the potentialities of tested materials.

scholarly journals Strategies for Lignin Pretreatment, Decomposition and Modification: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-20
Author(s):  
Leta Deressa Tolesa ◽  
Ming-Jer Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Large Molecules ◽  
Climate Stability

The dependency of chemical industry on nonrenewable sources of energy such as petroleum based carbon feedstock is rising dramatically day to day. Nonetheless, global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions threatens the environment balance and the climate stability. Accordingly, it is necessary to find a renewable resource to decrease the environmental concern, specifically gaseous emissions from fossil fuels and to provide the energy stock. Outstanding to the significance of lignocellulosic biomass as most remedy to the current environmental issues and substituent of nonrenewable source of energy, this review affords understandings about the role of lignin as polymer and raw material for large molecules. In this review article, types of lignin with their extraction methods, fractionation technology to valuable chemicals, modification of the macromolecules to other polymers with tunableproperties, and an extensive range of applications are discussed widely. The major valuable chemicals produced from lignin via chemical depolymerization are also summarized and illustrated with their molecular structures.

scholarly journals Ground Improvement By Using Coir Geo-Textile

2021 ◽  
pp. 353-359
Author(s):  
R. A. Joshia Issac ◽  
A. Bharathu ◽  
Dr. K. Ramadevi
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Subgrade Soil ◽  
Percentage Improvement ◽  
Optimum Height ◽  
Maximum Improvement ◽  
Pavement Structure

For the design of pavement structure the subgrade soil and its properties are important as it gives adequate support to the pavement. To increase the life of pavement the subgrade must be able to support loads transmitted from pavement structure without excessive deformation under adverse climatic and traffic conditions. For using the soil as a good quality pavement material, it is a well-known fact that all soils do not possess all the desirable qualities. The subgrade performance of such soils should be increased by several modification techniques, when such soils cannot be replaced. Among that providing reinforcement to improve subgrade soil nowadays is widely adopted. Nowadays many reinforcing techniques are used to reinforce the soil, among that coir geotextile is most widely used. As it is a natural geotextile it needs treatment to improve the durability. In this study woven coir geotextile are used as soil reinforcement to improve the subgrade soil. The improvement in CBR value when coir geotextile placed at different depth in CBR mould is studied. The coir geocells with an aspect ratio of 0.75, 1 and 1.33 is used. The maximum improvement in CBR value is obtained when geotextile is placed at 1/3H. The CBR value improved when treated coir geotextile is used and the percentage improvement is 66.8% for coir geotextiles placed 1/3H and the percentage increase for treated coir geocells when placed at 1/3H is 37.5%. The optimum height of coir geocells is obtained at an aspect ratio of 1.

scholarly journals Strength Characteristics Of Polyurethane (PU) With Modified Sand

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 1508-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbaya Sidek ◽  
K. Mohamed ◽  
I.B.M. Jais ◽  
I.A. Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Microcellular Foam ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Rigid Foam ◽  
Soil Stabilisation ◽  
Strain Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Soil Behaviour

Soil stabilisation is defined as a technique to improve the engineering characteristics in order to improve the parameters such as shear strength, compressibility, density, hydraulic conductivity. There are many techniques that can be used for different purposes by enhancing some aspects of soil behaviour and improve the strength and properties of soil. One of the cheapest techniques is by using Polyurethane grout, which is workable for construction and enhances the performance of soil compressive strength. Polyurethane (PU) foam is non-toxic, having an indefinite life span and non-environment unfriendly. PU is a chemical substance that normally used in polymer industries for instance resilience foam seating, rigid foam insulation panels and microcellular foam seals. In this research, different percentages of PU content are mixed with sand to test the compressive strength of modified sand. The compressive strength of sand is determined by conducting the Unconfined Compression Test (UCT) with the mold samples of 50mm diameter and 100mm height. The test determines the compressive strength and generates the stress-strain relationship of the modified sand. It is shown that the compressive strength of modified sand will gradually increase with an increasing PU content percentage (varying from 10% (20 kPa) – 95% (500 kPa). Conclusively, this research could be used as the benchmark of ground improvement technique.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF THE RECLAIMING OF RUBBER WASTE AND RECENT WORK ON THE RECYCLING OF ETHYLENE–PROPYLENE–DIENE RUBBER WASTE

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Ostad Movahed ◽  
Ali Ansarifar ◽  
Sara Estagy
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Chain Scission ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
Rubber Waste ◽  
Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber ◽  
Diene Rubber ◽  
Devulcanized Rubber

ABSTRACTRubbers do not decompose easily, and therefore, disposal of rubber waste is a serious environmental concern. Raw material costs, diminishing natural resources, and the growing awareness of environmental issues and sustainability have made rubber recycling a major area of concern. Reclaiming and recycling rubber waste is a major scientific and technological challenge facing rubber scientists today. This article reviews a number of important areas related to the reclaiming, characterizing, testing, and recycling of rubber waste. These include chemical and microbial devulcanization with particular emphasis on main chain scission and kinetics of chemical devulcanization reactions; the cutting-edge techniques for reclaiming devulcanized rubber waste by the action of large shearing forces, heat, and chemical agents: and analytical techniques and methods for characterizing composition and testing of devulcanized rubber waste, respectively. In addition, some aspects of the recycling of devulcanized ethylene–propylene–diene rubber (EPDM) waste will be reported. EPDM is used extensively in automotive components worldwide, and recycling the rubber at the end of its useful service life is of major importance to manufacturers of automotive components.

The Mechanics Performance of C30 Concrete with Manufactured-Sand under Condition of Freeze-Thaw Cycles

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 1036-1039
Author(s):  
Gui Feng Liu ◽  
Zheng Fa Chen ◽  
Xue Xing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dynamic Elastic Modulus ◽  
Manufactured Sand ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Thaw Cycle ◽  
Mechanics Performance ◽  
Freeze Thaw Cycle

Although many people discussed the strength and durability of concrete with natural sand in severe environment, few people investigated the mechanics performance of concrete with manufactured-sand under condition of freeze-thaw cycle, at present. Experimental studies on C30 concrete with manufactured-sand were carried out under condition of freeze-thaw cycle, which based on the testing of raw material performance and concrete mix ration, in this paper. Comparative studies on the changing laws of the mass, strength and the relative dynamic elastic modulus of concrete were developed in three cases which were freeze-thaw cycle, freeze-thaw cycle and acid corrosion and freeze-thaw cycle and alkali corrosion. The test results showed that the mass, strength and the relative dynamic elastic modulus of concrete with manufactured-sand decreased evidently with the increasing of times of freeze-thaw cycle. The durability of acid and alkali-resistant of concrete with manufactured-sand was also remarkably weakened due to the action of freeze-thaw cycle. The capability of acid and alkali-resistant of the concrete was decreased with the increasing of times of freeze-thaw cycle and the anti-acid capability was decreased more seriously.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document