scholarly journals Tight focusing of circularly polarized light limited by semicircular aperture

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012164
Author(s):  
V D Zaitsev ◽  
S S Stafeev ◽  
V V Kotlyar
Keyword(s):  
Focal Spot ◽  
Reverse Flow ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Azimuthal Angle ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Flow Region ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Direction Of Polarization

Abstract In this work, the focusing of a circularly polarized plane wave (wavelength 532 nm) was simulated by a lens with a numerical aperture NA = 0.95. The wave front was considered flat. When integrating according to the Richards-Wolf formulas, the semicircular aperture was set by limiting the azimuthal angle from 0 to π. It was shown that when focusing light with right and left circular polarization, the focal spot turns out to be elliptical - elongated along the y axis, and, depending on the direction of polarization, its center shifts by about 0.05 μm in different directions along the x axis. It was also shown that the reverse flow region is located near the focal spot (at a distance of 0.25 μm from the center). Depending on the direction of polarization, it is located either to the right or to the left of the focal spot. Thus, the polarization state of the incident radiation can be determined from the displacement of the spot in focus.

scholarly journals Circularly Polarized Light Detection by Chiral Photonic Cellulose Nanocrystal with ZnO Photoconductive Layer in Ultraviolet Region

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3098
Author(s):  
Boyu Zhang ◽  
Sixiang Zhao ◽  
Yingying Yu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Liancheng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystal ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Chiral Nematic ◽  
Wide Range

Circularly polarized light (CPL) detection and polarization state recognition are required for a wide range of applications. Conventional polarization detection with optical components causes difficulties for miniaturization and integration. An effective design strategy is proposed for direct CPL detection with chiral material. Here, we realized direct CPL detection based on the combination of chiral photonic cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and ultraviolet-sensitive ZnO photoconductive material. The CNC layer deposited by evaporation-induced self-assembly established the left-handed chiral nematic structure with a photonic bandgap (PBG) to recognize left-handed CPL (LCPL) and right-handed CPL (RCPL) at specific wavelengths. The PBG of CNC layer has been modulated by the adjustment of chiral nematic pitch to match the semiconductor bandgap of ZnO film in ultraviolet region. The photocurrents under RCPL and LCPL are 2.23 × 10−6 A and 1.77 × 10−6 A respectively and the anisotropy factor Δgpc of 0.23 is acquired for the CPL detection based on the chiral photonic CNC. This design provides a new approach to the detection of CPL polarization state with competitive performance.

Development and performance of a versatile soft X-ray polarimeter

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (SRMS-7) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wang ◽  
U. H. Wagner ◽  
S. S. Dhesi ◽  
K. J. S. Sawhney ◽  
F. Maccherozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Arbitrary Polarization ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Transmission Phase

With modern undulators generating light of an arbitrary polarization state, experiments exploiting this feature in the soft X-ray region are becoming increasingly widespread. Circularly polarized light in the soft X-ray region is of particular interest to investigate of magnetic metals such as Fe, Co and Ni, and the rare earths. A versatile multilayer polarimeter has been designed and developed to characterize the polarization state of the soft X-ray beam. A W/B4C multilayer transmission phase retarder and reflection analyser has been used for polarimetry measurements on the beamline (I06) at Diamond Light Source. The design details of the polarimeter and preliminary polarimetry results are presented.

scholarly journals Multifunctional Metasurface Lens With Tunable Focus Based on Phase Transition Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongkang Song ◽  
Weici Liu ◽  
Xiaolei Wang ◽  
Faqiang Wang ◽  
Zhongchao Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Light Field ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Multiple Focus ◽  
Linearly Polarized

Metasurfaces have powerful light field manipulation capabilities, which have been extensively studied in the past few years and have developed rapidly in various fields. At present, the focus of metasurface research has shifted to the tunable functionality. In this paper, a temperature-controllable multifunctional metasurface lens based on phase transition material is designed. First of all, by controlling the temperature of the desired working area and the polarization of the incident light, switching among multiple focus, single focus, and no focus at any position can be achieved, and the intensity and helicity of the output light can be adjusted. In addition, a polarization-sensitive intensity-tunable metalens based on the P-B phase principle is designed, when the incident light is linearly polarized light, left-handed circularly polarized light, or right-handed circularly polarized light, it has the same focal point but with different light field intensities. Therefore, the focused intensity can be tunable by the polarization state of the incident light.

scholarly journals High numerical aperture metalens to generate an energy backflow

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-698
Author(s):  
V.V. Kotlyar ◽  
S.S. Stafeev ◽  
L. O'Faolain ◽  
M.V. Kotlyar
Keyword(s):  
Focal Length ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Left Handed

Using electronic beam lithography and reactive ion beam etching, a metalens is manufactured in a thin layer of amorphous silicon of a 130-nm depth, a 30-µm diameter, and a 633-nm focal length (equal to the illumination wavelength). The metalens is composed of 16 sectored subwavelength binary gratings with a 220-nm period. The uniqueness of this metalens is that when illuminated by left-handed circularly polarized light, it is capable of generating a left-handed circularly polarized vortex beam with a topological charge of 2, generating a second-order cylindrical vector beam when illuminated by linearly polarized light. Both for linear and circular incident polarization, an energy backflow is found to be generated in the vicinity of the tight focus. Transverse intensity distributions measured with a scanning near-field optical microscope near the focus of the metalens are in qualitative agreement with the intensity distributions calculated by the FDTD method. This confirms that a backward energy flow takes place at the focus of the metalens. A metalens generating an energy backflow near its focus is fabricated and characterized for the first time.

scholarly journals Emission of circularly polarized light by a linear dipole

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. eaav7588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Neugebauer ◽  
Peter Banzer ◽  
Sergey Nechayev
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Angular Spectrum ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Nanophotonic Devices ◽  
On Chip ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Linear Dipole

Controlling the polarization state and the propagation direction of photons is a fundamental prerequisite for many nanophotonic devices and a precursor for future on-chip communication, where the emission properties of individual emitters are particularly relevant. Here, we report on the emission of partially circularly polarized photons by a linear dipole. The underlying effect is linked to the near-field part of the angular spectrum of the dipole, and it occurs in any type of linear dipole emitter, ranging from atoms and quantum dots to molecules and dipole-like antennas. We experimentally observe it by near-field to far-field transformation at a planar dielectric interface and numerically demonstrate the utility of this phenomenon by coupling the circularly polarized light to the individual paths of crossing waveguides.

scholarly journals Spectral Engineering Via Complex Patterns of Circular Nano-Object Miniarrays: II. Concave Patterns Tunable by Integrated Lithography Realized by Circularly Polarized Light

Plasmonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emese Tóth ◽  
Áron Sipos ◽  
Olivér A. Fekete ◽  
Mária Csete
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Response ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Azimuthal Angle ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Rectangular Pattern ◽  
Beam Incident ◽  
Potential Applications

AbstractThe use of circularly polarized beams in interferometric illumination of colloid sphere monolayers enables the direct fabrication of rectangular patterns composed of circular nanohole miniarrays in metal films. This paper presents a study on the spectral and near-field effects of complex rectangular patterns consisted of a central nanoring and slightly rotated satellite nanocrescents in azimuthal orientations, which promote coupling between localized and propagating plasmons. To inspect the localized modes separately, we investigate the spectral responses and near-field phenomena of hexagonal patterns composed of uniform nanorings and nanocrescents, which can be fabricated by a single, homogeneous, circularly polarized beam incident perpendicularly and obliquely, respectively. To understand the interaction of localized and propagating modes, we analyze artificial rectangular patterns composed of a singlet nanoring, a singlet horizontal nanocrescent, and a quadrumer of four slightly rotated nanocrescents. The results demonstrate that on the rectangular pattern of a singlet horizontal nanocrescent the interacting C2 and C1 localized resonances in the C orientation ($$0^{\circ }$$ 0 ∘ azimuthal angle) and the U localized resonance coupled with propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in the U orientation ($$90^{\circ }$$ 90 ∘ azimuthal angle) manifest themselves in similar split spectra. Moreover, split spectra appear due to the coupling of the azimuthal orientation independent localized resonance on the nanorings and the SPPs propagating on their rectangular pattern in the U orientation. The spectral response of the complex miniarray pattern can be precisely tuned by varying the geometrical parameters of the moderately interacting nanoholes and the pattern period. In appropriate configurations, the fluorescence of the dipolar emitters is enhanced, which has potential applications in bio-object detection.

scholarly journals Design and research of dual-wavelength polarization multiplexing multifocal metalens based on superimposed nano-antenna array

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyuan Lv ◽  
Jie Jia ◽  
Wenfeng Luo ◽  
Xinhui Li
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Dual Wavelength ◽  
Modulation Method ◽  
Superposition Method ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Polarization Multiplexing

Abstract In this study, based on the single-layer metasurface structure, a dual-wavelength polarization multiplexing metalens is designed at the communication wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm, respectively. Using the dual-phase modulation method, a single-wavelength polarization multiplexing metalens is proposed, which can simultaneously control left-handed circularly polarized light (LCP) and right-handed circularly polarized light (RCP). Furthermore, the cross superposition method is used to combine them to achieve the dual-wavelength polarization multiplexing metalens. The results show that the system can achieve polarization multiplexing at the two wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm, which is consistent with the expected results, and the focusing efficiency reached 61%. With the increase of the numerical aperture, the focusing intensity of the left and right focal points gradually approaches, and the difference between the full width at half maximum of the two focal points also decreases accordingly. It provides a new way for the optical imaging, information detection and the realization of multifunctional ultra-surface devices.

scholarly journals Efficient Achromatic Broadband Focusing and Polarization Manipulation of a Novel Designed Multifunctional Metasurface Zone Plate

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3436
Author(s):  
Shaobo Ge ◽  
Weiguo Liu ◽  
Xueping Sun ◽  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Pengfei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Resonance Effect ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Zone Plate ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Circularly Polarized

In this paper, comprehensively utilizing the diffraction theory and electromagnetic resonance effect is creatively employed to design a multifunctional metasurface zone plate (MMZP) and achieve the control of polarization states, while maintaining a broadband achromatic converging property in a near-IR region. The MMZP consists of several rings with fixed width and varying heights; each ring has a number of nanofins (usually called meta-atoms). The numerical simulation method is used to analyze the intensity distribution and polarization state of the emergent light, and the results show that the designed MMZP can realize the polarization manipulation while keeping the broadband in focus. For a specific design wavelength (0.7μm), the incident light can be converted from left circularly polarized light to right circularly polarized light after passing through the MMZP, and the focusing efficiency reaches above 35%, which is more than twice as much as reported in the literature. Moreover, the achromatic broadband focusing property of the MMZP is independent with the polarization state of the incident light. This approach broadens degrees of freedom in micro-nano optical design, and is expected to find applications in multifunctional focusing devices and polarization imaging.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document