Identification of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) using Image Processing

Abstract Diabetes appears in two varieties: Type-1 and Type-2. The former is chronic and can last for years together, whereas the latter can be cured if identified and treated at a premature stage. The symptoms of diabetes affecting the eyes appear very subtle and hence, identifying irregularities in retinal images is a demanding process for medical practitioners. Thus, there was a need to find a method to detect these abnormalities by observing the retinal images non-invasively. After going through research projects and recent developments in identifying DR, we found various techniques/strategies employed, their advantages and drawbacks followed by the objective of overall findings, and the importance of a good DR detection system. Our proposed method calls to attention the importance of early screening, using geometrical relations, multiple thresholding methods and usage of convolutional neural networks as means of overcoming the factors that stand as obstacles in timely detection.

Download Full-text

Type-1 and type-2 fuzzy inference systems as integration methods in modular neural networks for multimodal biometry and its optimization with genetic algorithms

Information Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.ins.2008.07.013 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 179 (13) ◽

pp. 2123-2145 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Denisse Hidalgo ◽

Oscar Castillo ◽

Patricia Melin

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Genetic Algorithms ◽

Fuzzy Inference ◽

Fuzzy Inference Systems ◽

Integration Methods ◽

Modular Neural Networks ◽

Inference Systems

Download Full-text

Overexpression and Purification of a Recombinant Chimeric HIV Type 2/HIV Type 1 Envelope Peptide and Application in an Accelerated Immunobased HIV Type 1/2 Antibody Detection System (AIBS): A New Rapid Serological Screening Assay

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses ◽

10.1089/aid.1996.12.1081 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1081-1091 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

BERNHARD ECKER ◽

SABINE VOLLENHOFER ◽

TINA BARES ◽

THOMAS SCHALKHAMMER ◽

MANFRED SCHINKINGER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Detection System ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Screening Assay ◽

Serological Screening ◽

Hiv Type 1

Download Full-text

Molecular imaging of Organo-Calcium salts by High Resolution Electron Microscopy and Image Processing

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100181713 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 590-591

Author(s):

G. Miller ◽

J.R. Fryer ◽

W. Kunath ◽

K. Weiss

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Image Processing ◽

High Resolution ◽

Low Dose ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Unit Cell ◽

Recording Device ◽

Resolution Electron

Unfortunatly Wolfgang Kunath died January 1990High resolution electron microscopy and image processing are being used to determine the molecular packing within the crystal unit cell of the, organic-azo calcium salt. Due to the beam sensitive nature of the organic moiety which contains both aromatic and and aliphatic components, low dose techniques were used. This concisted of, searching the sample in the diffraction mode to find single crystals exibiting point like reflection to at least .2nm resolution, (fig. 1). Focusing and astigmatism correction was performed by moving the beam of the crystal (off axis). The beam was then moved on axis and a series of four, 10 e/A images taken, (fig. 2). Images were primarily recorded using an on line T.V. recording device. These images were then available for processing using the Semper image processing system. Two crystal orientations were found. Type 1 consisted of thin plate like crystals up to 5um diameter and generally 10nm to 20nm thick. Type 2 were thicker crystals with a 3.2nm lattice spacing. The power specrta of the first low dose images were calculated to asses the quality of the of the structural information present. For the type 1 crystal the power spectrum had to show at least second order reflections in two directions ( fig. 3 ). Type 2 crystals showed the 3.2nm reflection often down to the fith order. These crystals also showed parallel side bands corresponding to a d-spacing of about .8nm. With these results the unit cell was found to be tetragonal with a= .78nm b= 3.2nm c= .78nm. In accordance with the diffraction patterns exibited.

Download Full-text

Type-3c Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes of Exocrine Pancreas - An Update

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399815666190115145702 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 382-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra ◽

Tiew Chin Siang ◽

Chieng Yi Rong ◽

Naveenya Chetty Annan ◽

Esther Ho Yung Sean ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pancreatic Enzyme ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Pancreatic Tissue ◽

Medical Practitioners ◽

The Public ◽

History Of ◽

Insufficient Knowledge

Background: The incidence of diabetes is increasing steeply; the number of diabetics has doubled over the past three decades. Surprisingly, the knowledge of type 3c diabetes mellitus (T3cDM) is still unclear to the researchers, scientist and medical practitioners, leading towards erroneous diagnosis, which is sometimes misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), or more frequently type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This review is aimed to outline recent information on the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic procedures, and therapeutic management of T3cDM patients. Methods: The literature related to T3cDM was thoroughly searched from the public domains and reviewed extensively to construct this article. Further, existing literature related to the other forms of diabetes is reviewed for projecting the differences among the different forms of diabetes. Detailed and updated information related to epidemiological evidence, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, pathogenesis and management is structured in this review. Results: T3cDM is often misdiagnosed as T2DM due to the insufficient knowledge differentiating between T2DM and T3cDM. The pathogenesis of T3cDM is explained which is often linked to the history of chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer. Inflammation, and fibrosis in pancreatic tissue lead to damage both endocrine and exocrine functions, thus leading to insulin/glucagon insufficiency and pancreatic enzyme deficiency. Conclusion: Future advancements should be accompanied by the establishment of a quick diagnostic tool through the understanding of potential biomarkers of the disease and newer treatments for better control of the diseased condition.

Download Full-text

Omics-based biomarkers in the diagnosis of diabetes

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0120 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wei Zien Gan ◽

Valsala Ramachandran ◽

Crystale Siew Ying Lim ◽

Rhun Yian Koh

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Early Screening ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Autoantibody Detection ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases related to the dysfunction of insulin, causing hyperglycaemia and life-threatening complications. Current early screening and diagnostic tests for DM are based on changes in glucose levels and autoantibody detection. This review evaluates recent studies on biomarker candidates in diagnosing type 1, type 2 and gestational DM based on omics classification, whilst highlighting the relationship of these biomarkers with the development of diabetes, diagnostic accuracy, challenges and future prospects. In addition, it also focuses on possible non-invasive biomarker candidates besides common blood biomarkers.

Download Full-text

Analysis of models for image processing when implementing an object detection system on a railway track

Modern Innovations, Systems and Technologies ◽

10.47813/2782-2818-2021-1-1-43-51 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 43-51

Author(s):

A. T. Tisetsky

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Image Processing ◽

Control System ◽

Detection System ◽

Railway Track ◽

Rolling Stock ◽

Global System ◽

Railway Tracks ◽

Railway Industry ◽

And Training

With the development of the railway industry, informatization of society and the automation of many technological processes, it becomes possible to create an automatic control system, diagnostics and safety of locomotive movement. One of the most important systems of this complex is the system for detecting objects on railway tracks, ruptures of the railway bed and its turns. Such a system can be developed in the form of a camera installed on a locomotive and information processing systems on board each rolling stock, or a global system for remote processing of information from several locomotives. Regardless of the implementation of the system, there is a need to create a block for detecting objects on images coming from cameras. The implementation of this block is possible using interacting full-convolutional and convolutional neural networks and training on a dataset covering various situations occurring on the railway tracks.

Download Full-text